
Concept explainers
Although styrene undergoes both cationic and anionic
a. c.
b. d.

(a)
Interpretation: The method, anionic or cationic polymerization preferred with the given substituted styrene is to be identified, and an explanation corresponding to it is to be stated.
Concept introduction: An alkene
Answer to Problem 31.44P
The given substituted styrene prefers to undergo cationic polymerization, due to presence of electron releasing group on benzene ring.
Explanation of Solution
The given substituted styrene resembles to
An alkene
An electron releasing group releases electron density towards benzene ring and stabilizes carbocation formed during the cationic polymerization, whereas an electron withdrawing group withdraws electron density towards itself and stabilizes carbanion formed during the anionic polymerization.
Since the given substituted styrene involves bonding of an electron releasing group to benzene ring, it prefers to undergo cationic polymerization.

(b)
Interpretation:The method, anionic or cationic polymerization preferred with the given substituted styrene is to be identified, and an explanation corresponding to it is to be stated.
Concept introduction: An alkene
Answer to Problem 31.44P
The given substituted styrene prefers to undergo anionic polymerization, due to presence of electron withdrawing group on benzene ring.
Explanation of Solution
The given substituted styrene resembles to
An alkene
An electron releasing group releases electron density towards benzene ring and stabilizes carbocation formed during the cationic polymerization, whereas an electron withdrawing group withdraws electron density towards itself and stabilizes carbanion formed during the anionic polymerization.
Since the given substituted styrene involves bonding of an electron withdrawing group to benzene ring, it prefers to undergo anionic polymerization.

(c)
Interpretation:The method, anionic or cationic polymerization preferred with the given substituted styrene is to be identified, and an explanation corresponding to it is to be stated.
Concept introduction: An alkene
Answer to Problem 31.44P
The given substituted styrene prefers to undergo anionic polymerization, due to presence of electron withdrawing group on benzene ring.
Explanation of Solution
The given substituted styrene resembles to
An alkene
An electron releasing group releases electron density towards benzene ring and stabilizes carbocation formed during the cationic polymerization, whereas an electron withdrawing group withdraws electron density towards itself and stabilizes carbanion formed during the anionic polymerization.
Since the given substituted styrene involves bonding of an electron withdrawing group to benzene ring, it prefers to undergo anionic polymerization.

(d)
Interpretation:The method, anionic or cationic polymerization preferred with the given substituted styrene is to be identified, and an explanation corresponding to it is to be stated.
Concept introduction: An alkene
Answer to Problem 31.44P
The given substituted styrene prefers to undergo cationic polymerization, due to presence of electron releasing group on benzene ring.
Explanation of Solution
The given substituted styrene resembles to
An alkene
An electron releasing group releases electron density towards benzene ring and stabilizes carbocation formed during the cationic polymerization, whereas an electron withdrawing group withdraws electron density towards itself and stabilizes carbanion formed during the anionic polymerization.
Since the given substituted styrene involves bonding of an electron releasing group to benzene ring, it prefers to undergo cationic polymerization.
(a) The given substituted styrene prefers to undergo cationic polymerization, due to presence of an electron releasing group on benzene ring.
(b) The given substituted styrene prefers to undergo anionic polymerization, due to presence of an electron withdrawing group on benzene ring.
(c) The given substituted styrene prefers to undergo anionic polymerization, due to presence of an electron withdrawing group on benzene ring.
(d) The given substituted styrene prefers to undergo cationic polymerization, due to presence of an electron releasing group on benzene ring.
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