WHAT IS LIFE? A GUIDE TO BIO 3E+LAUNCHPA
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781319103316
Author: PHELAN
Publisher: Macmillan Higher Education
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Chapter 3, Problem 8MC
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Passive transport of any substance occurs when there is a concentration gradient. Any substance moves from a place where it is in high concentration to a place where it is in low concentration.
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Typically, our cells have a high concentration of sodium ions outside and a low concentration of sodium ions inside. Sodium ions continue to move out of the cell by the process of:
a) secondary active transport
b) pinocytosis
c) facilitated diffusion
d)simple diffusion
e) primary active transport
f) osmosis
Which of the following modes of transport across biological membranes is driven by
a chemical gradient?
A) Facilitated diffusion
B) Simple diffusion
C) Active transport
D) a and b only
E) a, b, and c
Both active and passive transports can be subdivided further. Distinguish between the different pairs of terms below:
a) simple diffusion vs. facilitated difussion
b) Facilitated diffusion vs. active transport
c) channel protein vs. carrier protein
d) simple diffusion vs. osmosis
e) Uniporter vs. symporter vs. antiporter
Chapter 3 Solutions
WHAT IS LIFE? A GUIDE TO BIO 3E+LAUNCHPA
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- 1. Simple diffusion across membranes is faster for which type of molecules? a)Lipophilic substances b)Hydrophilic substances c)Amphipathic substances d)Polar molecules 2. One of the following is true of active transport? a)Substances diffuses following its concentration gradient b)Substances passively diffuse against its concentration gradient c)Energy is used to transport substances against its concentration gradient d)The movement of an ion down its electrochemical gradient is coupled with transport of another molecule against its concentration gradient 3. What happens to the volume of a red blood cell that is placed in a hypertonic solution. a)It shrinks b)volume does not change c)Volume increases 4. What was the effect of excessive water consumption on the osmolarity? a)It decreased b) It increased 5. A protein that is in a secondary structure has one of the following characteristics a)Amino acids of a single peptide chain are bound to each other by five different types of…arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is correct about passive diffusion? Select one: A) It is a process in which molecules move from a region of lower concentration to one of higher concentration (or up a concentration gradient). B) It is a process in which molecules move from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration (or down a concentration gradient). C) It requires an expenditure of energy by the cell. D) It may require a transport protein. E) It involves movement of molecules down a concentration gradient and may require a transport protein.arrow_forwardIf magnesium ions are in higher concentration outside the cell, they would move into the cell by the process of: a) facilitated diffusion through a carrier protein b) osmosis c) secondary active transport d) facilitated diffusion through a channel protein e) exocytosis f) simple diffusion g) primary active transportarrow_forward
- Which out of the following is not a mediated transport?a) Facilitated diffusionb) Primary active transportc) Secondary active transportd) Simple diffusionarrow_forwardWhich of the following distinguishes osmosis from simple diffusion? a) a concentration gradient b) a solute c) a selectively permeable membrane d) water moleculesarrow_forwardOur cells need glucose for energy. When blood glucose is low, glucose must still be moved into our cells against its concentration gradient, using energy from ion gradients. The process used to bring glucose in under these conditions is: a) facilitated diffusion through a channel b) secondary active transport c) osmosis d) facilitated diffusion through a carrier e) primary active transportarrow_forward
- 11. Which of the following would indicate that facilitated diffusion was taking place? A) A substance was moving from a region of low concentration into a region of higher concentration. B) Substances were moving against the diffusion gradient. C) A substance was slowing as it moved down its concentration gradient. D) ATP was being rapidly consumed as the substance moved. E) A substance was diffusing much faster than the physical condition indicated it should. 12. Osmosis, the diffusion of water is distinct from the diffusion of oxygen because water is a solvent. b. water is non-polar. water is a large molecule. d. oxygen is a dissolved gas. oxygen is highly polar. а. с. е. 13. Celery stalks that are immersed in fresh water for several hours become stiff and hard. Similar stalks left in a salt solution become limp and soft. From this we can deduce that the cells of the celery stalks are A) hypertonic to both fresh water and the salt solution. B) hypotonic to both fresh water and the…arrow_forwardNonearrow_forward7) Which is the best definition of osmosis?a) movement of molecules from an area of their higher concentration to an area of their lower concentrationb) movement of water across a membrane from an area of high concentration to a lower concentration.c) movement of molecules from an area of their lower concentration to an area of their higher concentration.d) movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from an area of low concentration to a higher water concentration with the use of ATP.e) movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from an area of high concentration to a lower concentration.8) Transcriptional factors are required for transcription in all the following organisms except: a) Protozoa b) Bacteria c) Archaea d) Eukarya e) b & c.9) The composition of the flagellar apparatus is more complex in ___ as compared to Prokaryotes: a) Protozoa b) Bacteria c) Archaea d) Mycota e) a & darrow_forward
- Which of the following statements is correct about diffusion? a) It is an active process in which molecules move from a region of lower concentration to one of higher concentration. It is a passive process in which molecules move from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration. c) it requires integral proteins d) It is a rapid processarrow_forwardCell Membranes are: A)Fully permeable B)Impereable to all solutes c) Impereable to 50% of any solutes in a solution d)selectively permeablearrow_forward27.arrow_forward
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