WHAT IS LIFE? A GUIDE TO BIO 3E+LAUNCHPA
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781319103316
Author: PHELAN
Publisher: Macmillan Higher Education
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Chapter 3, Problem 4SA
Summary Introduction
To analyze:
Why phospholipids are good as material for the plasma membrane.
Introduction:
Phospholipids are formed by a phosphate group connected to fatty acids by a glycerol.
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The phospholipid portion of biological membranes is referred to as "selectively permeable". What does this term mean? What types of substances can cross the phospholipid bilayer? What types cannot?
Phospholipids form the main fabric of the plasma membrane. One feature of phospholipids is that when they are placed in an aqueous solution, they will self-assemble into a double layer (bilayer) that resembles the bilayer of the plasma membrane. This self-assembly occurs because phospholipids are
hydrophilic at one end (the phospholipid head) and hydrophobic at the other end (the phospholipid tails).
Drag the labels to their appropriate locations in the figure.
1. First, drag labels of Group 1 to targets (a) and (b) to indicate whether these environments are hydrophilic or hydrophobic.
2. Next, drag the phospholipid layers (Group 2) to targets (c) and (d) to indicate how they are oriented in the plasma membrane.
3. Finally, drag labels of Group 1 to targets (e), (f), and (g) to indicate which portions of the membrane protein are hydrophilic and which are hydrophobic.
Group 1
extracellular
hydrophobic
fluid
©
hydrophilic
plasma
membrane
Group 1
Group 2
(f
membrane
protein
Group 1
Group…
How do the phospholipids arrange themselves in the plasma membrane? Why?
Chapter 3 Solutions
WHAT IS LIFE? A GUIDE TO BIO 3E+LAUNCHPA
Ch. 3 - Prob. 1SACh. 3 - Prob. 2SACh. 3 - Prob. 3SACh. 3 - Prob. 4SACh. 3 - Prob. 5SACh. 3 - Prob. 6SACh. 3 - Prob. 7SACh. 3 - Prob. 8SACh. 3 - Prob. 9SACh. 3 - Prob. 10SA
Ch. 3 - Prob. 11SACh. 3 - Prob. 12SACh. 3 - Prob. 13SACh. 3 - Prob. 14SACh. 3 - Prob. 15SACh. 3 - Prob. 16SACh. 3 - Prob. 17SACh. 3 - Prob. 18SACh. 3 - Prob. 1MCCh. 3 - Prob. 2MCCh. 3 - Prob. 3MCCh. 3 - Prob. 4MCCh. 3 - Prob. 5MCCh. 3 - Prob. 6MCCh. 3 - Prob. 7MCCh. 3 - Prob. 8MCCh. 3 - Prob. 9MCCh. 3 - Prob. 10MCCh. 3 - Prob. 11MCCh. 3 - Prob. 12MCCh. 3 - Prob. 13MCCh. 3 - Prob. 14MCCh. 3 - Prob. 15MCCh. 3 - Prob. 16MCCh. 3 - Prob. 17MCCh. 3 - Prob. 18MC
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- Why is the cell membrane called a phospholipid bilayer?arrow_forwardThe following figure shows a typical phospholipid. Suppose this molecule was incorporated into a cell membrane. Which letter indicates the portion of the molecule that would be exposed to the aqueous environment? CH₂ I H₂C-N¹-CH₂ CH₂ A H₂C H₂C H₂C CH₂ CH₂O HO CH ₂ H₂C H₂C CH₂ OH HO O–CH, H₂C H₂C H₂C CH₂ HC CH₂ CH₂ CH-O CH-OH H₂C CH₂ H₂C CH₂ H₂C/ H₂C H₂C H₂C H₂C CH₂ H₂C CH₂ CH₂ CH₂ CH₂ CH₂ CH₂ CH₂ H₂C/arrow_forwardIf you place phospholipids in an oil-based solution, would they still self-assemble into a bilayer? If so, describe its structure.arrow_forward
- In general terms, what would you expect to be different about the permeability of a lipid bilayer made of phospholipids (modern cells) and a bilayer made of fatty acids (protocell)?arrow_forwardBelow is the skeletal formula of a molecule typically found in cell membranes. What type of molecule is this and how can you tell? What are the functions of this type of molecule in the plasma membrane of a cell? H HO CH3 CH3 C-H + H-C-H Harrow_forwardExplain why phospholipids have a natural tendency to self-assemble into a bilayer. Why is this biologically important?arrow_forward
- Which of the following molecules can normally cross a phospholipid bilayer by simple diffusion? O Oxygen O Potassium ion (K+) O Methionine O Glucosearrow_forwardWhich statement is correct about the phospholipids in membranes? The polar heads face inward The non-polar tails face outward The non-polar tails are hydrophilic A bilayer forms with the heads facing outward and the tails facing inwardarrow_forwardWhich of the following is true about phospholipid bilayers? The interior of the layer is highly hydrophilic. The hydrophobic tail faces the cell interior. The polar/hydrophilic tails face the cell interior and exterior. The polar/hydrophilic heads face the cell interior and exterior. The hydrophobic head faces the cell exterior.arrow_forward
- What is the energetic driving force for the formation of phospholipid bilayers?arrow_forwardExplain the following statement: The structure of all biomembranes depends on the chemical properties of phospholipids, whereas the function of each specific biomembrane depends on the specific proteins associated with that membrane.arrow_forwardHow many layers of phospholipids make up the plasma membrane?arrow_forward
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