Thermodynamics, Statistical Thermodynamics, & Kinetics
Thermodynamics, Statistical Thermodynamics, & Kinetics
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780321766182
Author: Thomas Engel, Philip Reid
Publisher: Prentice Hall
Question
Book Icon
Chapter 3, Problem 3.1CP
Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reason for the heat capacity Cp, mto be less than Cv, mfor H2O(l) which is nearly 40C needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

If the system experiences change from one thermodynamic phase to another due to change in properties such as temperature, volume, pressure, etc., then the system is said to have a thermodynamic process. Thermal capacity or heat capacityis the physical property of the matter.

Expert Solution & Answer
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 3.1CP

Because of the change in the phase of water from solid to liquid at 40C.

Explanation of Solution

Generally, Cp, m is bigger than Cv, mand their difference is shown below:

  Cp,m- Cv,m= TVmβ2k..(1)

Here,

Cp, m= at constant pressure, molar heat capacity

  β = thermal expansion

Cv, m = at constant volume, molar heat capacity

Vm = molar volume

T = temperature

k = isothermal compressibility

The Cp, m >Cv, m if the right side of the equation (1) is positive. The thermal compressibility and thermal expansion are positive if there is no change in the phase of the system.

But in case of H2O (l) it is seen that Cp, m is smaller than Cv, m. but in case of water at 40C water is sometime in solid form because the melting point of ice is equal to the freezing point of water that is 00C. As here is a change in phase of water from solid to liquid at 40C the right side of the equation (1) becomes negative. The equation (1) can be rewritten as below:

Cp, m - Cv, m = -ve

Cp, m > Cv, m

Therefore, the heat capacity at constant volume is greater than the heat capacity at constant pressure of water at 40C.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!
Students have asked these similar questions
You are trying to decide if there is a single reagent you can add that will make the following synthesis possible without any other major side products: xi 1. ☑ 2. H₂O хе i Draw the missing reagent X you think will make this synthesis work in the drawing area below. If there is no reagent that will make your desired product in good yield or without complications, just check the box under the drawing area and leave it blank. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. There is no reagent that will make this synthesis work without complications. : ☐ S ☐
Predict the major products of this organic reaction: H OH 1. LiAlH4 2. H₂O ? Note: be sure you use dash and wedge bonds when necessary, for example to distinguish between major products with different stereochemistry. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. G C टे
For each reaction below, decide if the first stable organic product that forms in solution will create a new C-C bond, and check the appropriate box. Next, for each reaction to which you answered "Yes" to in the table, draw this product in the drawing area below. Note for advanced students: for this problem, don't worry if you think this product will continue to react under the current conditions - just focus on the first stable product you expect to form in solution. NH2 CI MgCl ? Will the first product that forms in this reaction create a new CC bond? Yes No MgBr ? Will the first product that forms in this reaction create a new CC bond? Yes No G टे

Chapter 3 Solutions

Thermodynamics, Statistical Thermodynamics, & Kinetics

Knowledge Booster
Background pattern image
Similar questions
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
Recommended textbooks for you
Text book image
Physical Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781133958437
Author:Ball, David W. (david Warren), BAER, Tomas
Publisher:Wadsworth Cengage Learning,
Text book image
Chemistry: Principles and Reactions
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305079373
Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. Hurley
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Text book image
Chemistry: The Molecular Science
Chemistry
ISBN:9781285199047
Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Text book image
Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305079243
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Text book image
Chemistry: Principles and Practice
Chemistry
ISBN:9780534420123
Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward Mercer
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Text book image
Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
Chemistry
ISBN:9781133949640
Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David Treichel
Publisher:Cengage Learning