Potential-energy versus reaction-coordinate diagrams for the two propagation steps for monobromination of methane should be sketched. Concept introduction: The mechanism for monobromination comprises of three stages illustrated as follows: Step1: Initiation via homolytic cleavage of Br − Br bond: Br 2 initiates the reaction; undergoes homolysis and forms bromine radical atom. Energy for homolytic cleavage is provided by the heat or ultraviolet light. Step2: Propagation: In first of the propagation step bromine radical from step 1 abstracts hydrogen radical from methane as follows: In subsequent propagation step methyl radical abstracts Br · radical from another Br 2 , and liberates bromoethane and new bromine radical. Step3: Termination: Radicals generated in propagation steps get quenched upon combination with one another. Thus termination steps are essentially the radical− radical combination illustrated as follows:

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 3, Problem 23P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Potential-energy versus reaction-coordinate diagrams for the two propagation steps for monobromination of methane should be sketched.

Concept introduction: The mechanism for monobromination comprises of three stages illustrated as follows:

Step1: Initiation via homolytic cleavage of Br−Br bond: Br2 initiates the reaction; undergoes homolysis and forms bromine radical atom. Energy for homolytic cleavage is provided by the heat or ultraviolet light.

Step2: Propagation: In first of the propagation step bromine radical from step 1 abstracts hydrogen radical from methane as follows:

In subsequent propagation step methyl radical abstracts Br· radical from another Br2 , and liberates bromoethane and new bromine radical.

Step3: Termination: Radicals generated in propagation steps get quenched upon combination with one another. Thus termination steps are essentially the radical− radical combination illustrated as follows:

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 3, Problem 23P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Potential-energy versus reaction-coordinate diagrams for the two propagation steps for monobromination of methane should be sketched.

Concept introduction: The mechanism for monobromination comprises of three stages illustrated as follows:

Step1: Initiation via homolytic cleavage of Br−Br bond: Br2 initiates the reaction; undergoes homolysis and forms bromine radical atom. Energy for homolytic cleavage is provided by the heat or ultraviolet light.

Step2: Propagation: In first of the propagation step bromine radical from step 1 abstracts hydrogen radical from methane as follows:

In subsequent propagation step methyl radical abstracts Br· radical from another Br2 , and liberates bromoethane and new bromine radical.

Step3: Termination: Radicals generated in propagation steps get quenched upon combination with one another. Thus termination steps are essentially the radical− radical combination illustrated as follows:

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 3, Problem 23P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Potential-energy versus reaction-coordinate diagrams for the two propagation steps for monobromination of methane should be sketched.

Concept introduction: The mechanism for monobromination comprises of three stages illustrated as follows:

Step1: Initiation via homolytic cleavage of Br−Br bond: Br2 initiates the reaction; undergoes homolysis and forms bromine radical atom. Energy for homolytic cleavage is provided by the heat or ultraviolet light.

Step2: Propagation: In first of the propagation step bromine radical from step 1 abstracts hydrogen radical from methane as follows:

In subsequent propagation step methyl radical abstracts Br· radical from another Br2 , and liberates bromoethane and new bromine radical.

Step3: Termination: Radicals generated in propagation steps get quenched upon combination with one another. Thus termination steps are essentially the radical− radical combination illustrated as follows:

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 3, Problem 23P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Potential-energy versus reaction-coordinate diagrams for the two propagation steps for monobromination of methane should be sketched.

Concept introduction: The mechanism for monobromination comprises of three stages illustrated as follows:

Step1: Initiation via homolytic cleavage of Br−Br bond: Br2 initiates the reaction; undergoes homolysis and forms bromine radical atom. Energy for homolytic cleavage is provided by the heat or ultraviolet light.

Step2: Propagation: In first of the propagation step bromine radical from step 1 abstracts hydrogen radical from methane as follows:

In subsequent propagation step methyl radical abstracts Br· radical from another Br2 , and liberates bromoethane and new bromine radical.

Step3: Termination: Radicals generated in propagation steps get quenched upon combination with one another. Thus termination steps are essentially the radical− radical combination illustrated as follows:

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Answer 5

Chapter 3, Problem 23P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Potential-energy versus reaction-coordinate diagrams for the two propagation steps for monobromination of methane should be sketched.

Concept introduction: The mechanism for monobromination comprises of three stages illustrated as follows:

Step1: Initiation via homolytic cleavage of Br−Br bond: Br2 initiates the reaction; undergoes homolysis and forms bromine radical atom. Energy for homolytic cleavage is provided by the heat or ultraviolet light.

Step2: Propagation: In first of the propagation step bromine radical from step 1 abstracts hydrogen radical from methane as follows:

In subsequent propagation step methyl radical abstracts Br· radical from another Br2 , and liberates bromoethane and new bromine radical.

Step3: Termination: Radicals generated in propagation steps get quenched upon combination with one another. Thus termination steps are essentially the radical− radical combination illustrated as follows:

Answer 6

Chapter 3, Problem 23P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Potential-energy versus reaction-coordinate diagrams for the two propagation steps for monobromination of methane should be sketched.

Concept introduction: The mechanism for monobromination comprises of three stages illustrated as follows:

Step1: Initiation via homolytic cleavage of Br−Br bond: Br2 initiates the reaction; undergoes homolysis and forms bromine radical atom. Energy for homolytic cleavage is provided by the heat or ultraviolet light.

Step2: Propagation: In first of the propagation step bromine radical from step 1 abstracts hydrogen radical from methane as follows:

In subsequent propagation step methyl radical abstracts Br· radical from another Br2 , and liberates bromoethane and new bromine radical.

Step3: Termination: Radicals generated in propagation steps get quenched upon combination with one another. Thus termination steps are essentially the radical− radical combination illustrated as follows:

Answer 7

Chapter 3, Problem 23P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Potential-energy versus reaction-coordinate diagrams for the two propagation steps for monobromination of methane should be sketched.

Concept introduction: The mechanism for monobromination comprises of three stages illustrated as follows:

Step1: Initiation via homolytic cleavage of Br−Br bond: Br2 initiates the reaction; undergoes homolysis and forms bromine radical atom. Energy for homolytic cleavage is provided by the heat or ultraviolet light.

Step2: Propagation: In first of the propagation step bromine radical from step 1 abstracts hydrogen radical from methane as follows:

In subsequent propagation step methyl radical abstracts Br· radical from another Br2 , and liberates bromoethane and new bromine radical.

Step3: Termination: Radicals generated in propagation steps get quenched upon combination with one another. Thus termination steps are essentially the radical− radical combination illustrated as follows:

Answer 8

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Answer 10

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Answer 11

Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 3.2TIY Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 3.3E Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 3.5TIY Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 3.6E Ch. 3.7 - Prob. 3.7E Ch. 3.7 - Prob. 3.9TIY Ch. 3.9 - Prob. 3.11TIY Ch. 3.11 - Prob. 3.12E Ch. 3 - Prob. 15P Ch. 3 - Prob. 16P

Solution Summary: The author illustrates potential-energy versus reaction-coordinate diagrams for the two propagation steps for monobromination of methane.

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