Campbell Biology: Concepts & Connections (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780321885326
Author: Jane B. Reece, Martha R. Taylor, Eric J. Simon, Jean L. Dickey, Kelly A. Hogan
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 3, Problem 16TYK
Enzymes usually function best at an optimal pH and temperature. The following graph shows the effectiveness of two enzymes at various temperatures.
a. At which temperature does enzyme A perform best? Enzyme B?
b. One of these enzymes is found in humans and the other in thermophilic (heat-loving) bacteria. Which enzyme would you predict comes from which organism?
c. From what you know about enzyme structure, explain why the
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Which of the following is TRUE concerning the induced fit model of enzyme catalysis? * (One correct answer only)
A. The active site can be influenced by molecules binding elsewhere on an enzyme
B. The initial binding of enzyme and substrate is the most tightly bound conformation
C. The induced fit must occur prior to the initial binding of enzyme and substrate in order for the reaction to proceed
D. The binding of enzyme and substrate is weakest in the transition state
Can you please help show how to use the cleland terminology for these two question?
If the environmental temperature gets too high, what will happen to an enzyme and the chemical reaction it catalyzes?
Group of answer choices
A. It will not encounter its substrates often, and the reaction will slow down.
B. It will crystallize, the active site will become inflexible and slow down the reaction.
C. It will denature, lose its shape, and the reaction will not occur.
D. It will become less fluid, and be unable to transport substances easily.
E. It will become more fluid, and speed up the reaction.
Chapter 3 Solutions
Campbell Biology: Concepts & Connections (8th Edition)
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- A mother in the kitchen squeezes a small lemon onto a fruit mix to avoid browning. Explain the kitchen technique that the mother used in terms of the Polyphenoloxidase enzyme chemistry you learned from the experiment.arrow_forwardChoose only the letter, no explanation needed. Enzyme activity is affected by a variety of factors. What factor causes the enzyme to denature if it becomes extremely high? * Choices: A. Water's Effect B. pH C. Temperature D. Activator's Effect An inhibitor binds to the enzyme's active site, preventing the substrate from binding to it. What conclusions can you make from this situation? * A. No reaction occurred B. Non-competitive inhibition occurred C. Enzyme activity occurred D. Competitive inhibition occurred Each enzyme is very selective when it comes to its substrate. What can you conclude from this statement? * A. Any substrate can bind to the active site. B. Enzymes are used up in the reaction. C. Only a specific substrate can bind to the active site. D. Enzymes break down when not used. Lock : Key :: Active Site : _____________________________ * A. Substrate B. Active Site C. Coenzyme D. Cofactor Enzymes only speed up biological functions, so they are NOT used up in the…arrow_forwardConsider these three sketches: B A HHHH A A Which sketches represent the action of an enzyme? Check none of them if none of them do. And finally, for that same sketch, what is C? B |HH| For that same sketch, what is B? Again your answer should be a word or very short phrase. A B If you said at least one sketch represents the action of an enzyme, for the first sketch that does, what is A? Your answer should be a word or very short (two- or three-word) phrase. 3000|| 3 3 O (none of them) 0 0 Xarrow_forward
- Suppose an enzyme and its substrate obey the lock and key model of enzyme catalysis. Which of the following would be true of the enzyme?Select all that apply A.the active site of the enzyme must be rigid B.the active site of the enzyme must be flexible C.only one substrate could be converted to product by the enzyme D.the enzyme could bind different substrates if the substrates shared a common motif somewhere in their structures E.the entire enzyme must be rigidarrow_forwardGive typing answer with explanation and conclusionarrow_forwardExamine the graph showing the rate of reaction versus temperature for an enzyme–catalyzed reaction in a human. a. Describe what is happening to the enzyme at around 40°C. b. Explain why the line touches the x-axis at approximately 20°C and 45°C. c. Average body temperature for humans is 37°C. Suggest a reason why the temperature optimum of this enzyme is greater than 37°C.arrow_forward
- Which one of the following statements is true of enzyme catalysts? a. Their catalytic activity is independent of pH. b. They are generally equally active on D and L isomers of a given substrate. c. They can increase the equilibrium constant for a given reaction by a thousand fold or more. d. They can increase the reaction rate for a given reaction by a thousand fold or more. e. To be effective, they must be present at the same concentration as their substrate.arrow_forwardWhich of the following best explains why enzyme catalysis is affected by a change in pH? A. Change in pH alters ionization states of serine in the active site involved in nucleophilic catalysis B. The ionization states of his, asp and glu involved in acid/base catalysis are altered with change in pH C. Change in pH alters ionization states of contact amino acids in the active site D. All enzymes have optimum pHarrow_forwardFoF1 ATPase is the enzyme that catalyzes ATP synthesis. The enzyme itself is deactivated by ATP. What mode of enzyme regulation is being exemplified? Select the correct response: Trasncriptional control Covalent modification Proteolytic modification Allosteric regulation Compartmentationarrow_forward
- Consider the following free energy diagram for an uncatalyzed and enzyme-catalyzed reaction. Select all the statements that are true. Without enzyme With enzyme A+B Time AB O a. The rate of the enzyme catalyzed reaction is faster than the uncatalyzed reaction O b. The change in free energy for the reaction is greater in the catalyzed reaction, compared to the uncatalyzed reaction O c. The enzyme stabilizes the transition state for the reaction Od. The reaction is exergonic е. The reaction is now spontaneous due to the addition of enzyme Released Energyarrow_forwardDiscuss an enzyme that acts as a catalyst in a biological system. What reaction(s) does it catalyze? What kinds of problems arise if the enzyme isn't working properly? In what ways is the enzyme's activity regulated? Other interesting facts about the enzyme? Don't forget to cite your source(s).arrow_forward41) Use the following information to answer the 2 questions below. C. b. A+B a. d. ,C+D Progress of the Reaction The figure illustrates the energy states associated with the reaction A +B -C+ D. Which of the following represents the activation energy required for the enzyme-catalyzed reaction in the figure? A) a B) b C) c D) d Free Energyarrow_forward
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Enzyme Kinetics; Author: MIT OpenCourseWare;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FXWZr3mscUo;License: Standard Youtube License