Fluid Mechanics: Fundamentals and Applications
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781259696534
Author: Yunus A. Cengel Dr., John M. Cimbala
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 3, Problem 152EP
To determine
The absolute pressure at centre of pipe.
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A multifluid container is connected to a U-tube, as shown in the figure. For the given specific gravitles and fluid column heights.
determine the gage pressure at A. Also determine the height of a mercury column that would create the same pressure at A. The
column heighth of oil is 86 cm. The specific gravitles are 1.26 for glycerin and 0.90 for oll. We take the standard density of water to be
Pw=1000 kg/m³ and the specific gravity of mercury to be 13.6.
h
35 cm
18 cm
Į
Oil
SG-0.90
Water
Glycerin
SG-1.26
90 cm
15 cm
The gage pressure at A is
kPa.
The height of a mercury column that would create the same pressure at A is
cm.
Consider a U-tube manometer used to measure the density Pa of liquid A, as shown below. Mercury
is used as the base liquid for the manometer with density Phg = 13600kg/m³. If hng = 5mm and
ha
= 22.4
mm, find Pa.
ha Pa
U
Phg
hng
The pressure of the natural gas installation is as follows.As you can see, mercury (mercury), oil (oil) and water (water) fluidsIt is measured with a manometer. Open end of the manometer (X + 85)It is under the influence of kPa ambient pressure. The relative content of mercury and oil (relative to water)density (SG) and density of water (ρwater = 997 kg / m3) is known.Determine the absolute pressure in the installation (X=00)
Chapter 3 Solutions
Fluid Mechanics: Fundamentals and Applications
Ch. 3 - What is the difference between gage pressure and...Ch. 3 - A tinysteel cube is suspended in water by a...Ch. 3 - Explain why some people experience nose bleeding...Ch. 3 - Consider two identical fans, one at sea level and...Ch. 3 - Someone claims that the absolute pressure in a...Ch. 3 - Express Pascal’s law, and give a real-world...Ch. 3 - A pressure gage connected to a tank reads 500kPa...Ch. 3 - A vacuum gage connected to a chamber reads 25 kPa...Ch. 3 - The pressure at the exit of an air compressor is...Ch. 3 - A diver's watch resists an absolute pressure of...
Ch. 3 - Show that 1kgf/cm2=14.223psi .Ch. 3 - The pressure in a water line is 1500 kPa. What is...Ch. 3 - Blood pressure is usually measured by rapping a...Ch. 3 - The maximum blood pressure in the upper arm of a...Ch. 3 - Consider a 1.73-m-tall man standing vertically in...Ch. 3 - A manometer is used to measure the air pressure in...Ch. 3 - The water in a tank is pressurized by air, and the...Ch. 3 - Determine the atmospheric pressure at a location...Ch. 3 - The gagepressure in a liquid at a depth of 2.5 m...Ch. 3 - The absolute pressure in water at a depth of 8 m...Ch. 3 - A 180-Ibm man has a total foot imprint area of 68...Ch. 3 - Consider a 55-kg woman who has a total foot...Ch. 3 - A vacuum gage connected to a tank reads 45 kPa at...Ch. 3 - The piston of a vertical piston-cylinder device...Ch. 3 - The vacuum pressure of a condenser is given to be...Ch. 3 - Water from a reservoir is raised in a vertical...Ch. 3 - The barometer of a mountain hiker reads 980 mbars...Ch. 3 - Determine the pressure exerted on a diver at 15 m...Ch. 3 - A gas is contained in a vertical, frictionless...Ch. 3 - The variation of pressure P in a gas with density ...Ch. 3 - Both a gage and a manometer are attached to a gas...Ch. 3 - The system shown in the figure is used to...Ch. 3 - The manometer shown in the figure is designed to...Ch. 3 - A manometer containing ( =850kg/m3 ) attached to a...Ch. 3 - A mercury ( =13,600kg/m3 ) is connected to an air...Ch. 3 - Repeat Prob. 3-37 for a differential mercury...Ch. 3 - Consider a U-tube whose arms are open to the...Ch. 3 - The hydraulic lift in a car repair shop has an...Ch. 3 - Consider a double-fluid manometer attached to an...Ch. 3 - The pressure in a natural gas pipeline is measured...Ch. 3 - Repeat Prob. 3-42E by replacing air by oil with a...Ch. 3 - The gage pressure of the air in the tank shown in...Ch. 3 - Repeat Prob. 3-44 for a gage pressure of 40 kPa.Ch. 3 - The 500-kg load on the hydraulic lift show in Fig....Ch. 3 - Pressure is often given in terms of a liquid...Ch. 3 - Freshwater and seamier flowing in parallel...Ch. 3 - Repeat Prob. 3-48 by replacing the air with oil...Ch. 3 - The pressure difference between an oil pipe and...Ch. 3 - Consider the system shown in Fig. P3-51. If a...Ch. 3 - There is water at a height of 1 m in the rube open...Ch. 3 - Prob. 53PCh. 3 - A simple experiment has long been used to...Ch. 3 - A multifluid container is connected to a U-tube....Ch. 3 - A hydraulic lift is to be used to lift a 2500 kg...Ch. 3 - On a day in which the local atmospheric pressure...Ch. 3 - A U-tube manometer is used to measure the pressure...Ch. 3 - Define the resultant hydrostatic force acting on a...Ch. 3 - You may have noticed that dams are much thicker at...Ch. 3 - Someone claims that she can determine the...Ch. 3 - A submersed horizontal flat plate is suspended in...Ch. 3 - Consider a submerged curved surface. Explain how...Ch. 3 - Consider a submersed curved surface. Explain how...Ch. 3 - Consider a circular surface subjected to...Ch. 3 - Consider a 200-ft-high, dam filled to capacity....Ch. 3 - A cylindrical tank is folly filled with water...Ch. 3 - Consider a 8-m-long, 8-m-wide, and 2-m-high...Ch. 3 - Consider a heavy car submerged in water in a lake...Ch. 3 - A room the lower level of a cruise ship has a...Ch. 3 - The water side of the wall of a 70-m-long dam is a...Ch. 3 - A water trough of semicircular cross section of...Ch. 3 - Determine the resultant force acting on the...Ch. 3 - A 6-m-high, 5-m-wide rectangular plate blocks the...Ch. 3 - The flow of water from a reservoir is controlled...Ch. 3 - Repeat Prob. 3-76E for a water height of 6 ft.Ch. 3 - For a gate width of 2 m into the paper (Fig....Ch. 3 - A long, solid cylinder of radius 2 ft hinged at...Ch. 3 - An open settling tank shown in the figure contains...Ch. 3 - From Prob. 3-80, knowing that the density of the...Ch. 3 - The two sides of a V-shaped water trough are...Ch. 3 - Repeat Prob. 3-82 for the case of a partially...Ch. 3 - The bowl shown in the figure (the white volume) is...Ch. 3 - A triangular-shaped gate is hinged at point A, as...Ch. 3 - Gate AB ( 0.60.9m ) is located at the bottom of a...Ch. 3 - Find the force applied by support BC to the gate...Ch. 3 - A concrete block is attached to the sate as shown....Ch. 3 - A 4-m-long quarter-circular gate of radius 3 m and...Ch. 3 - Repeat Prob. 3-90 for a radius of 2 m for the...Ch. 3 - What is buoyant force? What causes it? What is the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 93CPCh. 3 - Consider two 5-cm-diaineter spherical balls-one...Ch. 3 - Prob. 95CPCh. 3 - Consider two identical spherical bails submerged...Ch. 3 - Prob. 97PCh. 3 - The hull of a boat has a volume of 180 m3, and the...Ch. 3 - The density of a liquid is to be determined by an...Ch. 3 - Prob. 100PCh. 3 - It is estimated that 90 percent of an iceberg’s...Ch. 3 - One of the common procedures in fitness programs...Ch. 3 - The weight of a body is usually measured by...Ch. 3 - Under what conditions can a moving body of fluid...Ch. 3 - Consider a vertical cylindrical container...Ch. 3 - Consider two identical glasses of water, one...Ch. 3 - Consider a glass of water. Compare the water...Ch. 3 - A water tank is being towed by a truck on a level...Ch. 3 - Consider two water tanks filled with water. The...Ch. 3 - Prob. 111PCh. 3 - The bottom quarter of a vertical cylindrical tank...Ch. 3 - A 3-m-diameter, 7-m-long cylindrical tank is...Ch. 3 - A 30-cm-diameter, 90-cm-high vertical cylindrical...Ch. 3 - A fish tank that contains 60-cm-high water is...Ch. 3 - A15-ft-long, 6-ft-high rectangular tank open to...Ch. 3 - Consider a tank of rectangular cross-section...Ch. 3 - A 3-ft-diameter vertical cylindrical lank open to...Ch. 3 - Milk with a density of 1020 kg/m3 is transported...Ch. 3 - Prob. 120PCh. 3 - The distance between the centers of the two arms...Ch. 3 - A 1.2-m-diameter, 3-m-high scaled vertical...Ch. 3 - A 4-m-diameter vertical cylindrical milk tank...Ch. 3 - An 8-ft-long tank open to the atmosphere initially...Ch. 3 - Prob. 126PCh. 3 - Prob. 127PCh. 3 - Prob. 128PCh. 3 - Two vertical and connected cylindrical tanks of...Ch. 3 - The U-tube shown the figure subjected to an...Ch. 3 - Prob. 131EPCh. 3 - An air-conditioning system requires a 34-m-long...Ch. 3 - Determine the pressure exerted on the surface of a...Ch. 3 - A vertical, frictionless piston-cylinder device...Ch. 3 - If the rate of rotational speed of the 3-tube...Ch. 3 - The average atmospheric pressure on earth is...Ch. 3 - Prob. 137PCh. 3 - Prob. 139PCh. 3 - The basic barometer can be used as an...Ch. 3 - The lower half of a 12-m-high cylindrical...Ch. 3 - Prob. 142PCh. 3 - A pressure cooker cooks a lot faster than an...Ch. 3 - Prob. 144PCh. 3 - An oil pipeline and a 1.3-m3 rigid air tank are...Ch. 3 - A 20-cm-diameter vertical cylindrical vessel is...Ch. 3 - Prob. 148PCh. 3 - A gasoline line is connected to a pressure gage...Ch. 3 - Prob. 151PCh. 3 - Prob. 152EPCh. 3 - Consider a U-tube filled with mercury as shown in...Ch. 3 - The variation of pressure with density in a thick...Ch. 3 - A 3-m-high. 5-m-wide rectangular gale is hinged al...Ch. 3 - Prob. 156PCh. 3 - A semicircular 40-ft-diameter tunnel is to be...Ch. 3 - A 30-ton. 4-m-diameter hemispherical dome on a...Ch. 3 - The water in a 25-m-deep reservoir is kept inside...Ch. 3 - A 5-m-long, 4-m-high tank contains 2.5-m-deep...Ch. 3 - The density of a floating body can be determined...Ch. 3 - A raft is made using a number of logs with 25 cm...Ch. 3 - A prismatic timber is at equilibrium in a liquid,...Ch. 3 - The cylindrical lank containing water accelerates...Ch. 3 - A 30-cm-diameter. 100-cm-hish vertical cylindrical...Ch. 3 - The 280-ke, 6-m-wide rectangular gate shown in Fig...Ch. 3 - Prob. 168PCh. 3 - Determine the vertical force applied by water on...Ch. 3 - Prob. 170PCh. 3 - In order to keep the cone-shaped plus closed as...Ch. 3 - The gage pressure in a pipe is measured by a...Ch. 3 - Prob. 173PCh. 3 - Prob. 174PCh. 3 - The atmospheric pressure in a location is measured...Ch. 3 - Prob. 176PCh. 3 - Prob. 177PCh. 3 - Consider the vertical rectangular wall of a water...Ch. 3 - Prob. 179PCh. 3 - Prob. 180PCh. 3 - Prob. 181PCh. 3 - Prob. 182PCh. 3 - Prob. 183PCh. 3 - Prob. 184PCh. 3 - Consider a 6-m-diameter spherical sate holding a...Ch. 3 - Prob. 186PCh. 3 - Prob. 187PCh. 3 - Prob. 188PCh. 3 - Prob. 189PCh. 3 - Prob. 190PCh. 3 - Prob. 191PCh. 3 - Prob. 192PCh. 3 - Shoes are to be designed to enable people of up to...Ch. 3 - The volume of a rock is to be determined without...Ch. 3 - Compare fee vortex with forced vortex according to...Ch. 3 - The density of stainless steel is about 8000 kg/m3...
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- One side of the container has a 03-m square door that is hinged at its top edge. If the container is filled with water, determine the smallest force F that must be applied to the bottom edge of the door to keep it closed.arrow_forwardAs shown in the figure, an inclined manometer is used to measure the pressure of the gas within the reservoir. The manometer fluid is mercury, which has a density of 845 lb/ft³. The manometer fluid risera distance d = 7 inches along the manometer tube, which is inclined 0 = 20° from the horizontal. The atmospheric pressure is 14.7 lbf/in² and the acceleration of gravity is 32.2 ft/s². Gas reservoir B Mercury (p = 845 lb/ft³) Determine the gas pressure, in lbf/in². Express the pressure as a gage or a vacuum pressure, as appropriate, in lbf/in². Patm = 14.7 lbf/in.² g=32.2 ft/s² 20 in.arrow_forwardAs shown in the figure, an inclined manometer is used to measure the pressure of the gas within the reservoir. The manometer fluid is mercury, which has a density of 845 Ib/ft3. The manometer fluid rises a distance d = 12 inches along the manometer tube, which is inclined e = 20° from the horizontal. The atmospheric pressure is 14.7 Ibf/in? and the acceleration of gravity is 32.2 ft/s?. Patm = 14.7 Ibf/in.? Gas reservoir g = 32.2 ft/s? a 20 in. Mercury (p = 845 Ib/ft³) Determine the gas pressure, in Ibf/in?. Express the pressure as a gage or a vacuum pressure, as appropriate, in Ibf/in2.arrow_forward
- The left limb of a Simple U-tube manometer containing mercury is open to atmosphere, while the right limb is connected to a pipe in which a fluid of specific gravity 0.75 is flowing. The center of pipe is 9.5 cm below the level of mercury in the left limb. Find the pressure of fluid in the pipe if the difference of mercury level in the two limbs is 21.5 cm with the help of a diagram. Paragraph - BI IIarrow_forwardConsider a differential manometer whose ends are connected to two different pipes A andB and containing different liquids at different levels. Let us assume that the pressure at point A is more than that at point B. Oil is in pipe A whose density 800 kg/m³ shows a difference in mercury levels as 100 mm. The height of oil between center of pipe A to the mercury level in left limb is 200 mm. Methanol (relative density 0.791) is in pipe B and the height of Methanol between center of pipe B and mercury level in the right limb is 5 cm. Calculate the difference in pressures at the two points A and B.arrow_forwardIs the hydrostatic pressure the same along any constant horizontal line?arrow_forward
- A vacuum gauge connected to a chamber reads 42.4 kPakPa at a location where the atmospheric pressure is 94 kPakPa. Determine the absolute pressure in the chambearrow_forwardBoth a gage and a manometer are attached to a gas tank to measure its pressure. If the reading on the pressure gage is 65 kPa, determine the distance between the two fluid levels of the manometer if the fluid is (a) mercury SG = 13.6or (b) water P = 65 kPa Gas h = ?arrow_forwardI need the answer as soon as possiblearrow_forward
- (b) What is the difference between gage pressure and absolute pressure?arrow_forwardConsider a differential manometer whose ends are connected to two different pipes A and B and containing different liquids at different levels. Let us assume that the pressure at point A is more than that at point B. Oil is in pipe A whose density 800 kg/m3 shows a difference in mercury levels as 100 mm. The height of oil between center of pipe A to the mercury level in left limb is 200 mm. Methanol (relative density = 0.791) is in pipe B and the height of Methanol between center of pipe B and mercury level in the right limb is 5 cm. Calculate the difference in pressures at the two points A and B.arrow_forwardPgage U-shaped liquid manometer is connected to a closed tank, which contains water and air. The gage pressure in the tank is Pagge = 30 kPa. The manometric fluid is mercury, with density pmercury = 13600 kg/m³, and the water density is Pwater 1000 kg/m³. Determine the readings of the liquid manometer (h = ?), as shown on the figure, if the specific weight of the air is neglected. Air Im Water Im Im %3D h Mercuryarrow_forward
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