Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The element with higher first ionization energy should be predicted from BiandXe.
Concept Introduction:
The amount of energy required to remove an electron from an isolated gaseous atom to form an ion is termed as ionization energy.
(b)
Interpretation:
The element with higher first ionization energy should be predicted from Se and Te.
Concept Introduction:
The amount of energy required to remove an electron from an isolated gaseous atom to form an ion is termed as ionization energy.
(c)
Interpretation:
The element with higher first ionization energy should be predicted from Rb andY.
Concept Introduction:
The amount of energy required to remove an electron from an isolated gaseous atom to form an ion is termed as ionization energy.
(d)
Interpretation:
The element with higher first ionization energy should be predicted from KandNe.
Concept Introduction:
The amount of energy required to remove an electron from an isolated gaseous atom to form an ion is termed as ionization energy.
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Student Solutions Manual for Oxtoby/Gillis/Butler's Principles of Modern Chemistry, 8th
- Arrange each of the following sets of atoms and ions, inorder of increasing size: (a) Se2-, Te2-, Se; (b) Co3+, Fe2+, Fe3+;(c) Ca, Ti4+, Sc3+; (d) Be2+, Na+, Ne.arrow_forwardFor each of the following pairs of atoms, state which you expect to have the higher first ionization energy. Briefly explain your reasoning: (a) Bi or Xe; (b) Se or Te; (c) K or Ne;arrow_forward7. Which element has the smallest first ionization energy? (a) Cs (b) Ga (c) K (d) Bi (e) As 8. Which element has the smallest second ionization energy? (a) Mg (b) Li (c) S (d) O (e) Ca 9. Which of the following sets contain all linear molecules? (a) H2S, HCN, CO2. (b) HCN, O2, CO2 (c) H2O, CO, Cl2. (d) H2S, CO, CO2. (e) BF3, Cl2, O2 10. The molecular geometry of SnCl3-ion is: (a) trigonal planar (b) T-shaped. (c) trigonal pyramidal. (d) Tetrahedral (e) see-saw 11. The geometry of the molecule SPC13 is best described as: (a) square planar (b) trigonal pyramidal (c) trigonal bipyramidal. (d) octahedral (e) tetrahedral 12. The O-S-Cl bond angles in O2SCl2 are expected to be approximately: (a) 90° (b) 109.5° (c) 120° (d)180 ° (e) 90° and 120°arrow_forward
- When a nonmetal oxide reacts with water, it forms an oxoacid with the same oxidation number as the nonmetal. Give the name and formula of the oxide used to prepare each of these oxoacids: (a) hypochlorous acid; (b) chlorous acid; (c) chloric acid; (d) perchloric acid; (e) sulfuric acid; (f ) sulfurous acid; (g) nitric acid; (h) nitrous acid; (i) carbonic acid; ( j) phosphoric acid.arrow_forwardFor each of the following pairs of atoms, state which youexpect to have the greater electron affinity: (a) Xe or Cs;(b) Pm or F; (c) Ca or K; (d) Po or At.arrow_forward11)Explain the given ionization energy for each pair using electron configurations. (12(Be)l1(B), I1(N)>l1(O) ).arrow_forward
- (b) List some properties of Group 1 elements which indicate they are all metals. (c) What valence do all Group 1 elements exhibit in their compounds? (a) Write the names and symbols of the elements of Group 2.arrow_forwardBased on their positions in the periodic table, predict whichatom of the following pairs will have the smaller first ionizationenergy: (a) Cl, Ar; (b) Be, Ca; (c) K, Co; (d) S, Ge; (e) Sn, Te.arrow_forwardWhat kind of bonds will be formed between the element with the electronic structure (a) 1s22s22p5 and the element with the electronic structure 1s22s1; (b) between the element with the electronic structure 1s22s22p2 and the element with the electronic structure 1s1; (c) between two atoms with the electronic structure 1s22s22p6 ? In each case, briefly explain.arrow_forward
- 5.) Electron Configurations for Ions: Supply the ground state electron configurations for the following ions. You many use the short-hand notation (e.g. Na*: [He]2s 2p°). (a) N (b) Mg*. (c) O (d) Sc* (e) Sn2+ (f) Ar 6.) Formulas of Ions: Predict the formulas of the most stable ions of the following elements (a) Na (b) Mg (c) S (d) Al (e) Br (f) Parrow_forwardBoron, atomic number 5, occurs naturally as two isotopes, 10B and 11B, with natural abundances of 19.9% and 80.1%, respectively.(a) In what ways do the two isotopes differ from each other? Does the electronic configuration of 10B differ from that of 11B? (b) Drawthe orbital diagram for an atom of 11B. Which electrons are the valence electrons? (c) Indicate three ways in which the 1s electrons inboron differ from its 2s electrons. (d) Elemental boron reacts with fluorine to form BF3, a gas. Write a balanced chemical equation forthe reaction of solid boron with fluorine gas. (e) ΔHf° for BF31g2 is -1135.6 kJ>mol. Calculate the standard enthalpy change in thereaction of boron with fluorine. (f) Will the mass percentage of F be the same in 10BF3 and 11BF3? If not, why is that the case?arrow_forwardWrite the electron configuration for each of the followingions, and determine which ones possess noble-gasconfigurations: (a) Sr2+, (b) Ti2+, (c) Se2-, (d) Ni2+, (e) Br-,(f) Mn3 + .arrow_forward
- Principles of Modern ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305079113Author:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. ButlerPublisher:Cengage Learning