Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780357119303
Author: Bettelheim, Frederick A., Brown, William H., Campbell, Mary K., FARRELL, Shawn O., Torres, Omar
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 27.5, Problem 27.5QC
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:The energetic difference in the beginning steps of ß-oxidation and glycolysis needs to be determined.
Concept Introduction: Glycolysis is the first step that forms pyruvate. In the presence of oxygen means aerobic respiration, this pyruvate enters the Krebs cycle and extracts energy in the form of electrons transfer. ß-oxidation is the oxidation of fatty acids that deliver more energy compare to the oxidation of carbohydrates.
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Place the steps of glycolysis in the order that they occur.
Last step
Answer Bank
Glucose is phosphorylated by hexokinase.
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate is converted to 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate.
Aldolase cleaves the six-carbon sugar into two three-carbon sugars.
Phosphoenolpyruvate is converted to pyruvate. 3-Phosphoglycerate is formed.
Fructose-6-phosphate is phosphorylated by phosphofructokinase.
First step
One of the steps that occur during the synthesis of ketone bodies is shown below.
OH
D-beta-hydroxybutyrate
Dehydrógenase
.coo
coo0
H3C
cooo
Нас
acetoacetate
D-beta-hydroxybutyrate
Does this process require FAD or NAD*, FADH2 or NADH as the reactant coenzyme?
Explain your answer in a few words.
How many electron carrier molecules (both NADH and FADH₂) are made per glucose put in to glycolysis?
How many electron carrier molecules (both NADH and FADH₂) are made per pyruvate put in to the Krebs
Cycle?
How many electron carrier molecules (both NADH and FADH₂) are made by the Krebs Cycle per glucose
consumed by the organism?
How many electron carrier molecules in total (both NADH and FADH₂) have been made from a single
glucose after both glycolysis and the Krebs Cycle?
How many electrons are being carried from glucose at this point (Hint: 2 per molecule)?
Chapter 27 Solutions
Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry
Ch. 27.1 - Prob. 27.1QCCh. 27.2 - Prob. 27.2QCCh. 27.3 - Prob. 27.3QCCh. 27.4 - Prob. 27.4QCCh. 27.5 - Prob. 27.5QCCh. 27.6 - Prob. 27.6QCCh. 27.7 - Prob. 27.7QCCh. 27.8 - Prob. 27.8QCCh. 27.9 - Prob. 27.9QCCh. 27 - Prob. 1P
Ch. 27 - What are the products of lipase-catalyzed...Ch. 27 - What is the main use of amino acids in the body?Ch. 27 - Prob. 4PCh. 27 - Prob. 5PCh. 27 - Prob. 6PCh. 27 - Prob. 7PCh. 27 - Prob. 8PCh. 27 - Prob. 9PCh. 27 - Prob. 10PCh. 27 - Prob. 11PCh. 27 - Prob. 12PCh. 27 - Prob. 13PCh. 27 - Prob. 14PCh. 27 - Prob. 15PCh. 27 - Prob. 16PCh. 27 - Prob. 17PCh. 27 - Prob. 18PCh. 27 - Prob. 19PCh. 27 - Prob. 20PCh. 27 - Two enzymes participating in ß-oxidation have the...Ch. 27 - Prob. 22PCh. 27 - Prob. 23PCh. 27 - Is the ß -oxidation of fatty acid (without the...Ch. 27 - Calculate the number of ATP molecules obtained in...Ch. 27 - Prob. 26PCh. 27 - Prob. 27PCh. 27 - Prob. 28PCh. 27 - Prob. 29PCh. 27 - Prob. 30PCh. 27 - Prob. 31PCh. 27 - Prob. 32PCh. 27 - Prob. 33PCh. 27 - Ammonia, NH3, and ammonium ion, NH+4are both...Ch. 27 - Prob. 35PCh. 27 - Prob. 36PCh. 27 - Prob. 37PCh. 27 - Prob. 38PCh. 27 - 28-39 The metabolism of the carbon skeleton of...Ch. 27 - Prob. 40PCh. 27 - Prob. 41PCh. 27 - Prob. 42PCh. 27 - (Chemical Connections 27B ) Does gastric bypass...Ch. 27 - Prob. 44PCh. 27 - Prob. 45PCh. 27 - Prob. 46PCh. 27 - Prob. 47PCh. 27 - Prob. 48PCh. 27 - Prob. 49PCh. 27 - Prob. 50PCh. 27 - Prob. 51PCh. 27 - Prob. 52PCh. 27 - Prob. 53PCh. 27 - Write the products of the transamination reaction...Ch. 27 - Prob. 55PCh. 27 - Prob. 56PCh. 27 - Prob. 57PCh. 27 - Prob. 58PCh. 27 - Prob. 59PCh. 27 - Prob. 60PCh. 27 - Prob. 61PCh. 27 - Prob. 62PCh. 27 - Prob. 63PCh. 27 - Prob. 64PCh. 27 - Prob. 65PCh. 27 - Prob. 66PCh. 27 - Prob. 67PCh. 27 - Prob. 68PCh. 27 - Prob. 69PCh. 27 - Prob. 70PCh. 27 - Prob. 71PCh. 27 - Prob. 72PCh. 27 - Prob. 73PCh. 27 - Prob. 74PCh. 27 - Prob. 75PCh. 27 - Many soft drinks contain citric acid to add...Ch. 27 - Prob. 77PCh. 27 - Prob. 78PCh. 27 - Prob. 79PCh. 27 - Prob. 80P
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Put the following substances in the correct order in which they are first encountered in the common metabolic pathway: succinate, FeSP, CO2, FADH2.arrow_forwardThe rate-limiting step is a metabolic pathway is the slowest step which determines the overall rate of the other reactions in the pathway. In glycolysis, the rate limiting step is a phosphorylation reaction where phosphofructokinase (PFK-1) catalyzes the reaction fructose-6-bisphosphate -> fructose-1,6-bisphosphate, the same step in gluconeogenesis. Select one: The statement is FALSE. The statement is TRUE.arrow_forwardDuring the overall process of glycolysis, in which of the following occurs for each glucose molecule processed. net loss of two ATP molecules net loss of four ATP molecules net gain of two ATP molecules net gain of four ATP moleculesarrow_forward
- The image below shows the reactions of the citric acid cycle. Label the reaction types on the diagram. COO CH-OH CH₂ COO 8-5-9-8 HC H₂O NADH +H+ NAD+- FADH2 "7 FAD COO C=O CH₂ COO™ COO CH3-C-COA + H₂O acetyl-CoA COA COO™ Ī CH₂ HỌ—C—COO CH₂ COO™ COO HO-C-H COO™ COO™ CH₂ CH-COO NAD+ NAD+ + COA Attempt 2 NADH + H+ + CO2 NADH + H+ + CO2 COO™ CH₂ CH₂ C=O COO™arrow_forwardDetermine the number of ATP molecules that can be formed from the complete oxidation of 10 molecules of acetyl CoA. The overall net equation for the complete oxidation of acetyl CoA is provided below. Acetyl CoA + 3NAD+ + FAD + GDP + Pi + 2H₂O → 2CO2 + HS-CoA + 3NADH + 3H+ + FADH2 + GTP (Given: The oxidation of one NADH yields 2.5 ATP; the oxidation of one FADH2 yields 1.5 ATP; and one GDP yields 1 ATP.) O 10 ATP O 7,5 ATP O 100 ATP O 75 ATParrow_forwardThe glycolysis pathway is shown. Place the enzymes used in each of the ten labeled steps of the pathway. Be sure to scroll down completely until pyruvate is formed. glucose-6-phosphate fructose-6-phosphate fructose-1,6-biphosphate ADP ATP ADP ATP glucose dihydroxyacetonephosphate glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate ADP ATP 3-phosphoglycerate 2-phosphoglycerate phosphoenolpyruvate ADP ATP pyruvate Answer Bank phosphoglycerate mutase hexokinase phosphohexose isomerase triosephosphate isomerase phosphofructokinase-1 pyruvate kinase phosphoglycerate kinase aldolase enolase glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase NAD + HOPO3²- NADH+H*arrow_forward
- Consider this chemical reaction. What chemical is the oxidizing agent? COO™ HIC-H HIC-H FAD FADH₂ COO™ succinate FADH2 succinate FAD fumarate succinate dehydrogenase COO™ H-C -H COO fumaratearrow_forwardBelow is the overall net equation for the complete oxidation of pyruvate. Calculate the number of ATP molecules that can be produced from the complete oxidation of 6 molecules of pyruvate. Pyruvate + 4NAD+ + FAD + GDP + Pi + 2H₂O → 3CO2 + 4NADH + 4H+ + FADH2 + GTP (Given: The oxidation of one NADH yields 2.5 ATP; the oxidation of one FADH2 yields 1.5 ATP; and one GDP yields 1 ATP.) O 75 ATP O 60 ATP O 12.5 ATP O 32 ATParrow_forwardSelect the metabolite that activates the citric acid cycle. ADP O Citrate O NADH Succinyl-CoAarrow_forward
- The glycolysis pathway is shown. Place the enzymes used in each of the ten labeled steps of the pathway. Be sure to scroll down completely until pyruvate is formed. triosephosphate isomerase phosphofructokinase-1 glucose-6-phosphate fructose-6-phosphate fructose-1,6-biphosphate ADP ATP ADP hexokinase ATP glucose dihydroxyacetonephosphate phosphohexose isomerase Answer Bank What am I doing wrong? aldolase glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase phosphoglycerate kinase phosphoglycerate mutase enolase pyruvate kinase NAD* + HOPO₂² NADH+H* 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate ADP ATP 3-phosphoglycerate Z-phosphoglycerate phosphoenolpyruvate ADP ATP pyruvatearrow_forwardFatty acids and triglycerides are an important source of nutrition and a dense form of stored energy. Digestion of fats yields more energy per gram than digestion of carbohydrates. Each turn on the B-oxidation spiral results in the formation of a new acetyl COA molecule. This molecule can then be used to generate more energy in A) fatty acid synthesis B) ketolysis C) glycolysis D) tricarboxylic acid cycle E) oxidative phosphorylationarrow_forwardWhich process below produces FADH2? The citric acid cycle The conversion of pyruvate Oxidative Phosphorylation O Glycolysisarrow_forward
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