ANAT.+PHYSIO.2-LAB.MAN. >CUSTOM<
20th Edition
ISBN: 9781264303090
Author: VanPutte
Publisher: MCGRAW-HILL HIGHER EDUCATION
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Chapter 27, Problem 11RAC
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The respiratory system helps in altering the acid-base balance of the body by changing the rate of breathing or exhaling the excesses of carbon dioxide from the system. That helps in raising the pH of the body.
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During a severe bout of pneumonia, Eduardo had difficulties breathing. His PaCO2 was elevated and he became acidotic. Describe how CO2 travels from the tissues to the lungs to be expelled from the body. In doing so, describe the various forms that CO2 takes along the way. Finally, describe how CO2 levels affect blood pH.
blood ph varies between 7.35 and 7.45, with a target value of 7.4. if someone's blood ph begins to decrease, chemoreceptors detect this change and send the information to the brain the brain analyzes the input and sends out a command to the respiratory muscles causing breathing rate to increases, which reduces carbon dioxide levels and thereby increases the ph of ther blood. name the body part, values, or actions in this specific scenario involving ph
Normal range
Set point
Stimulus
Sensor
integrsting center
Effector
Response
In compensating for metabolic acidosis, the body will
slow down the rate of conversion of ammonia to urea
excrete more bicarbonate ions
increase the respiratory rate
decrease the respiratory rate
Chapter 27 Solutions
ANAT.+PHYSIO.2-LAB.MAN. >CUSTOM<
Ch. 27.1 - What are the two major fluid compartments of the...Ch. 27.1 - Prob. 2AYPCh. 27.1 - Prob. 3AYPCh. 27.1 - What factors contribute to edema?Ch. 27.2 - Prob. 5AYPCh. 27.2 - Prob. 6AYPCh. 27.2 - Prob. 7AYPCh. 27.2 - Prob. 8AYPCh. 27.2 - Prob. 9AYPCh. 27.2 - Prob. 10AYP
Ch. 27.2 - Prob. 11AYPCh. 27.2 - What effect does atrial natriuretic hormone (ANH)...Ch. 27.2 - Prob. 13AYPCh. 27.3 - Prob. 14AYPCh. 27.3 - What characteristic of the plasma membrane is...Ch. 27.4 - Prob. 16AYPCh. 27.4 - Prob. 17AYPCh. 27.4 - Prob. 18AYPCh. 27.4 - Prob. 19AYPCh. 27.4 - Prob. 20AYPCh. 27.4 - Prob. 21AYPCh. 27.4 - Prob. 22AYPCh. 27.4 - What effect does an increase or a decrease in...Ch. 27.4 - Prob. 24AYPCh. 27.4 - Prob. 25AYPCh. 27.4 - Describe the effects of hypocalcemia and...Ch. 27.4 - Prob. 27AYPCh. 27.4 - Prob. 28AYPCh. 27.4 - Prob. 29AYPCh. 27.4 - Prob. 30AYPCh. 27.4 - Prob. 31AYPCh. 27.4 - Prob. 32AYPCh. 27.4 - Prob. 33AYPCh. 27.4 - Prob. 34AYPCh. 27.4 - Prob. 35AYPCh. 27.5 - Prob. 36AYPCh. 27.5 - Prob. 37AYPCh. 27.5 - What ore the three major mechanismsthat regulate...Ch. 27.5 - Compare the capacity and rate at which the...Ch. 27.5 - Prob. 40AYPCh. 27.5 - Name the three buffer systems of the body. Which...Ch. 27.5 - Prob. 42AYPCh. 27.5 - Prob. 43AYPCh. 27.5 - Prob. 44AYPCh. 27.5 - Prob. 45AYPCh. 27.5 - Prob. 46AYPCh. 27.5 - Prob. 47AYPCh. 27.5 - What is alkalosis? What are the two types, and...Ch. 27 - Prob. 1RACCh. 27 - Prob. 2RACCh. 27 - Prob. 3RACCh. 27 - Prob. 4RACCh. 27 - Prob. 5RACCh. 27 - Prob. 6RACCh. 27 - A decrease in extracellular K+ a. produces...Ch. 27 - Calcium ion concentration in the blood decreases...Ch. 27 - Prob. 9RACCh. 27 - Prob. 10RACCh. 27 - Prob. 11RACCh. 27 - Prob. 12RACCh. 27 - Prob. 13RACCh. 27 - Prob. 14RACCh. 27 - Prob. 15RACCh. 27 - Prob. 16RACCh. 27 - Prob. 1CTCh. 27 - A patient suffering from a tumor in the...Ch. 27 - Acetazolamide is a diuretic that blocksthe...Ch. 27 - As part of a physiology experiment, an anatomy and...Ch. 27 - Prob. 5CT
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- In the lungs, the main factor in boosting the tendency of hemoglobin to bind with and hold oxygen is ___. a. temperature c. acidity (pH) b. the amount of O2 relative to the amount of CO2 in plasma c. acidity(pH) d. all are equally importantarrow_forwardtoo much carbon dioxide in the blood causes it to become acidic. What is directly responsible for the drop in PH? Accumulation of CO2, accumulation of H+, accumulation of HCO3-.arrow_forwardThe pH is High; Low O Low; High in the lungs and in the muscles. High in the lungs but there is no oxygen in the muscles Equal in both the lungs and the musclesarrow_forward
- In a person who suffers acidosis, the way to counteract the condition is by: Drink a large amont of water Slow Breathing Inhale a greater amount of CO2 than normal Stop breathing Fast and deep breathingarrow_forwardneed helparrow_forwardMetabolic acidosis results is low blood pH levels and high bicarbonate ion concentration. True Falsearrow_forward
- During acclimatization to altitude, lowlanders develop which of the following? Metabolic acidosis Metabolic alkalosis No acid-base abnormality Respiratory acidosis Respiratory alkalosisarrow_forwardWhich statement BEST distinguishes metabolic acidosis from respiratory acidosis ? Metabolic acidosis occurs due to changes in blood glucose as opposed to changes in PO2 and PCO2 . Metabolic acidosis is a disturbance in blood pH caused by something other than an abnormal PCO2 . PCO 4s Metabolic acidosis occurs due to changes in PO2 as opposed to Metabolic acidosis occurs due to changes in bicarbonate as opposed to PCO2arrow_forwardDuring Respiratory Acidosis the PH will be below _________ and the CO2 will be above _______. During Respiratory Alkalosis the PH will be above ________ and the CO2 will be less then __________. During Metabolic Acidosis the PH will be below ___________ and the HCO3- will be less then ____________. During Metabolic Alkalosis the PH will be above _________ and the HCO3- will be more then ___________.arrow_forward
- Bicarbonate ion concentrations in the blood are controlled through the ________. respiratory system renal system digestive system metabolic rate of cellsarrow_forwardNormal body Normal body No change temperature (37 C) temperature (37C) 25. When the level of carbon dioxide in the blood is too high, the excess carbon dioxide reacts with water and produces carbonic acid. The carbonic acid causes the blood pH to become more acidic. When the blood pH becomes too acidic, chemoreceptors in the brain instruct the body to react and maintain homeostasis in blood pH. Which of these responses by the body would eliminate the excess carbon dioxide and help maintain homeostasis in the blood pH? Docrease in body Increaso in body temperaturo tomperature Shivering, vasoconstriction Thermoreceptors Norvo impuls0s sent to skin Hypothalamus Figure B a. Increasing the body temperature by shivering. b. Increasing glucose levels in the blood. c. Breathing more deeply and frequently. d. Decreasing the heart rate. 26. High blood glucose triggers cells in the pancreas to release the hormone insulin, which lowers blood glucose levels. Type 2 diabetes occurs when cells no…arrow_forwardWhen travelling high altitude, one of the problem is alkalosis of the blood. Remember the equation for acid balance: CO2 + H2O ⇌ H2CO3 ⇌ HCO3− + H+ If there is a low amount of CO2 outside, then greater CO2 than normal will diffuse out of the lungs. This will cause the blood to become more basic. To counteract the problem, a drug may be taken to both lower the blood pressure and help correct the pH. To do this, it blocks a symporter of HCO3- and Na+ in the proximal tubule of the kidney. Q: How would blocking transport of HCO3- help to lower the pH of the blood?arrow_forward
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