Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305389892
Author: Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 26, Problem 6TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Bacteria are prokaryotic organisms that do not have a well-defined nucleus and an endomembrane system. They are classified as heterotrophs or autotrophs on the basis of their nutrition, as aerobes or anaerobes on the basis of their ability to survive in aerobic conditions, and as gram-positive or gram-negative on the basis of their ability to retain the
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Which of the following statements correctly describes exotoxins and endotoxins produced by various bacteria?
A. endotoxins are secreted into the environment while the bacteria are still alive
B. exotoxins are secreted into the environment while the bacteria are still alive
C. exotoxins are only released into the environment when the bacteria die and their cell walls break down
D. exotoxins are components of the outer membrane of the bacteria that produce them
Which of the following statement about the bacterial cell wall is INCORRECT?
a. The cell wall is relatively nonpermeable and restricts the passage of sugars and amino acids.
b. Gram-positive cells have more peptidoglycan in theircell walls than Gram-negative cells.
c. Gram-negative cells have a membrane both inside andoutside their cell walls.
d. The cell wall establishes a bacterium’s shape as a coccus,bacillus, or spirillum.
A bacterium has the following characteristics: I. It adheres to the human intestinal lining using a feature that protects it from phagocytes , bacteriophages, and dehydration. II. It can survive being boiled. III. It contains no plasmids and relatively little peptidoglycan. Which of the following characteristics allows this bacteria to survive in a human who is taking penicillin pills?
A. gram-negative cell wall
B. peptidoglycan in the cell wall
C. lipopolysaccharides in the cytoplasm
D. long polypeptides in the cell wall
Chapter 26 Solutions
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 26.1 - Prob. 1SBCh. 26.1 - Prob. 2SBCh. 26.1 - Prob. 3SBCh. 26.1 - Prob. 4SBCh. 26.2 - What is a biofilm? Give an example of a biofilm...Ch. 26.2 - Prob. 2SBCh. 26.2 - Prob. 3SBCh. 26.3 - Prob. 1SBCh. 26.3 - Prob. 2SBCh. 26.3 - Prob. 3SB
Ch. 26.3 - Prob. 4SBCh. 26 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 26 - A bacterium that uses nitrites as its only energy...Ch. 26 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 26 - At the health center, a fecal sample was taken...Ch. 26 - Which of the following is not a property of an...Ch. 26 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 26 - Penicillin, an antibiotic, inhibits the formation...Ch. 26 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 26 - Prob. 9TYKCh. 26 - Prob. 10TYKCh. 26 - Prob. 11TYKCh. 26 - Prob. 12TYKCh. 26 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 26 - Prob. 14TYKCh. 26 - Prob. 1ITDCh. 26 - The proteobacteria in the genus Pseudomonas are...
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- Which of the following bacteria would have the above cell boundary structure? A. Mycobacterium B.Clostridium C. Mycoplasma D. Borreliaarrow_forwardCompare the following features of bacteria to those of eukaryotic microorganisms: a. size. b. organization of genetic material. c. ribosomes. d. cell wall. e. respiration and photosynthesis. f. motility mechanisms.arrow_forwardHow do Gram-negative bacteria differ from Gram-positivebacteria?a. They are not pathogenic.b. Their peptidoglycan cell wall is thinner.c. Gram-negative bacteria cannot be Gram stained.d. They possess a single plasma membrane.e. Gram-negative bacteria do not photosynthesize.arrow_forward
- Define the following terms: a. endotoxin b. periplasmic space c. slime layer d. lipopolysaccharide e. pilusarrow_forwarda) Biofilm is: a. a complex established community of microorganisms on solid surfaces b. is a layer of millions of identical bacteria on solid surfaces c. is a layer of compounds released from the tissue as a protection against pathogenic microorganisms d. All of these are correct b) Capsule formation is associated with the virulence of pathogenic bacteria. Why? Select all that apply. a. They are sticky and attach better b. They can escape phagocytosis c. The capsule makes them grow/multiply faster d. They kill immune cellsarrow_forwardWhich of the following is a primary bacterial cell wall function?a. transport c. supportb. motility d. adhesionarrow_forward
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- Which of the following is NOT true about bacterial endospores? A. They are produced by bacteria of the genus Bacillus and Clostridium B. They are “resting cells” for survival during adverse environmental conditions C. Resistant to desiccation (drying), heat, and chemicals D. Formed by walling off one end of the bacterial cell and surrounding it with a thick spore coat E. They represent a type of reproduction because their formation results in an increase in the number of bacterial cellsarrow_forwardA particular bacterium requires techoic acid in its medium in order to grow. What would the bacterium not be able to synthesize if you were to omit the techoic acid? A. Plasma membrane B. Cell wall C. Lipopolysaccharides D. None of the abovearrow_forwardTo which of the following is the photosynthetic bacterium Chromatium most closely related? Briefly explain why? a. Cyanobacteria b. Chloroflexus c. Escherichiaarrow_forward
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