To determine the step in heme degradation process in which carbon monoxide is produced as a by-product. Also, determine the fate of carbon monoxide formed. Concept introduction: Hemoglobin is a heme protein present in the red blood cells. The protein part is called globin and the non-protein part is heme. Heme is the prosthetic group that contains 4 pyrrole groups bonded together and has an iron atom in the center. The structure of the heme group is: The first step of degradation of heme involves opening of pyrrole ring with the release of the iron atom and production of biliverdin. The iron atom released becomes part of ferritin protein. Biliverdin produced is converted bilirubin in the spleen. Bilirubin is then transported to the liver where attachment of sugar residues to the propionate side chains of the bilirubin occurs to make it more soluble. Then more solubilized bilirubin is excreted in bile and finally to the small intestine. In the small intestine, it is converted into stercobilin for excretion in feces or urobilin for excretion in urine.

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Chapter 26, Problem 26.96EP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To determine the step in heme degradation process in which carbon monoxide is produced as a by-product. Also, determine the fate of carbon monoxide formed.

Concept introduction: Hemoglobin is a heme protein present in the red blood cells. The protein part is called globin and the non-protein part is heme. Heme is the prosthetic group that contains 4 pyrrole groups bonded together and has an iron atom in the center. The structure of the heme group is:

The first step of degradation of heme involves opening of pyrrole ring with the release of the iron atom and production of biliverdin. The iron atom released becomes part of ferritin protein. Biliverdin produced is converted bilirubin in the spleen. Bilirubin is then transported to the liver where attachment of sugar residues to the propionate side chains of the bilirubin occurs to make it more soluble. Then more solubilized bilirubin is excreted in bile and finally to the small intestine. In the small intestine, it is converted into stercobilin for excretion in feces or urobilin for excretion in urine.

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