Brock Biology of Microorganisms (15th Edition)
15th Edition
ISBN: 9780134261928
Author: Michael T. Madigan, Kelly S. Bender, Daniel H. Buckley, W. Matthew Sattley, David A. Stahl
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 25, Problem 2AQ
Although mutants incapable of producing exotoxins are relatively easy to isolate, mutants incapable of producing endotoxins are much harder to isolate. From what you know of the structure and function of these types of toxins, explain the differences in mutant recovery.
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Chapter 25 Solutions
Brock Biology of Microorganisms (15th Edition)
Ch. 25.1 - What event is required but not sufficient to cause...Ch. 25.1 - Prob. 2MQCh. 25.1 - Prob. 1CRCh. 25.2 - Prob. 1MQCh. 25.2 - Prob. 2MQCh. 25.2 - Prob. 3MQCh. 25.2 - Prob. 1CRCh. 25.3 - What are virulence factors? How can the LD50 test...Ch. 25.3 - Prob. 2MQCh. 25.3 - Prob. 1CR
Ch. 25.4 - Prob. 1MQCh. 25.4 - Prob. 2MQCh. 25.4 - Prob. 3MQCh. 25.4 - Prob. 1CRCh. 25.5 - Prob. 1MQCh. 25.5 - Prob. 2MQCh. 25.5 - Prob. 3MQCh. 25.5 - Prob. 1CRCh. 25.6 - What key features are shared by all AB exotoxins?Ch. 25.6 - Prob. 2MQCh. 25.6 - Prob. 3MQCh. 25.6 - Prob. 1CRCh. 25.7 - Prob. 1MQCh. 25.7 - Prob. 2MQCh. 25.7 - QDistinguish between the mechanism of cytotoxins...Ch. 25.8 - What part of the Escherichia coli cell contains...Ch. 25.8 - Why is it necessary to test for endotoxin in water...Ch. 25.8 - Prob. 1CRCh. 25 - Coagulase is a virulence factor for Staphylococcus...Ch. 25 - Although mutants incapable of producing exotoxins...
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- (b) List TWO (2) types of common food hazards. Describe the properties of bacteria endotoxin based on the following component; (i) (ii) (iii) Stability Antigenicity Toxicityarrow_forwardChoose one infectious disease from the list below and use the chain of infection to analyze how it is spread. A. Please provide a comprehensive description of cholera. B. Describe the chain of infection cholera. The chain of infection for the chosen infectious disease must clearly include the following: 1. Identification of a) the pathogen, b) the reservoir c) means of transmission d) the susceptible host 2. Describe how one could break the chain of cholera, such as breaking the pathogen link, by providing a specific intervention. 3. Include references and relevant data.arrow_forwardWhy is it incorrect to say that bacteria produce toxins to harm their host?arrow_forward
- What is the difference between an endotoxin and an exotoxin?arrow_forwardIt was important for Lilly to understand how the bacteria were able to cause disease in patients. The mechanism of pathogenesis by M. tuberculosis starts in the lung alveoli. The cell wall of M. tuberculosis allows it to resist phagocytolysis by the alveolar macrophages, where they can multiply. They can then induce apoptosis in macrophages, which die, and the bacteria is free to infect other macrophages. As the cycle of infection slowly progresses, the body's response to the infection is to try to wall off the bacteria in granulomas (wall of immune cells, both dead and alive, surrounding the bacteria to restrict its spread). Eventually, the bacteria can escape the granuloma and infect other parts of the lung. Transmission of Mtb Initial infection and Granuloma cavitation replication of Mtb in macrophages and dissemination of Mtb in the lung Infected macrophages Caseating granuloma Recruitment of Innate and adaptive immune cells Infected cells undergo necrosis resulting in the…arrow_forwardIt was important for Lilly to understand how the bacteria were able to cause disease in patients. The mechanism of pathogenesis by M. tuberculosis starts in the lung alveoli. The cell wall of M. tuberculosis allows it to resist phagocytolysis by the alveolar macrophages, where they can multiply. They can then induce apoptosis in macrophages, which die, and the bacteria is free to infect other macrophages. As the cycle of infection slowly progresses, the body's response to the infection is to try to wall off the bacteria in granulomas (wall of immune cells, both dead and alive, surrounding the bacteria to restrict its spread). Eventually, the bacteria can escape the granuloma and infect other parts of the lung. Transmission of Mtb Initial infection and Granuloma cavitationy replication of Mtb in macrophages and dissemination of Mtb in the lung Infected macrophages Caseating granuloma Recruitment of Innate and adaptive immune cells Infected cells undergo necrosis resulting in the…arrow_forward
- Many antibiotics used in modern medicine are compounds made by fungi that inhibit bacterial protein synthesis. Describe the specific effect of the following antimicrobial drugs: (i) Tetracycline (ii) Puromycin (iii) Alpha-Amanitinarrow_forwardMycobacterium tuberculosis is very difficult to stain because of the A) presence of ribosomes in the cytoplasm. B) location of the DNA within the cell. C) large amounts of a waxlike lipids present in its cell wall. D) lack of a cell wall.arrow_forwardWhich one of the following categories for antibacterial agents is most likely to have toxic side effects for humans? a) disruptors of cell membrane structure b) inhibitors of cell wall synthesis Oc) inhibitors of protein synthesis d) antimetabolites RESET e) inhibitors of DNA synthesis Cancel Donearrow_forward
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