Anatomy & Physiology: The Unity of Form and Function
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781259277726
Author: Kenneth S. Saladin Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 25, Problem 16TYR
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Many digestive enzymes and hormones are secreted in the digestive tract. Secretin, motilin, somatostatin, and gastrin are some of the digestive hormones. Gastrin is a peptide hormone that aids in gastric motility by stimulating the secretions of gastric acid. G cells are seen in the stomach, duodenum and pancreas. Gastrin promotes contractions of the stomach and muscle mobility (antral) and so forth.
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Kinetics: One-Compartment First-Order Absorption
1. In vivo testing provides valuable insight into a drug’s kinetics. Assessing drug kinetics following multiple routes of administration provides greater insight than a single route of administration alone. The following data was collected in 250-g rats following bolus IV, oral (PO), and intraperitoneal (ip) administration.
Using this data and set of graphs, determine:(calculate for each variable)
(a) k, C0, V, and AUC* for the bolus iv data
(b) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the po data
c) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the ip data
(d) relative bioavailability for po vs ip, Fpo/Fip
(e)absolute ip bioavailability, Fip
(f) absolute po bioavailability, Fpo
3. A promising new drug is being evaluated in human trials. Based on preliminary human tests, this drug is most effective when plasma levels exceed 30 mg/L. Measurements from preliminary tests indicate the following human pharmacokinetic parameter values: t1/2,elim = 4.6hr, t1/2,abs = 0.34hr, VD = 0.29 L/kg, Foral = 72%. Based on these parameters, estimate the following if a 49 kg woman were to receive a 1000mg oral dose of this drug:
(a) Estimate the plasma concentration of the drug at 1hr, 6 hr, and 20hr after taking the drug ( Concentration estimate)
(b) Estimate the time for maximum plasma concentration (tmax).
(c) Estimate the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax).
(d) Estimate the time at which the plasma level first rises above 30 mg/L. (Note this is a trial and error problem where you must guess a time, plug it into the concentration equation, and determine if it is close to 30 mg/L. Hint: based on part (a) it should be apparent that the answer is less than 1hr.)
(e)…
Chapter 25 Solutions
Anatomy & Physiology: The Unity of Form and Function
Ch. 25.1 - Prob. 1BYGOCh. 25.1 - Prob. 2BYGOCh. 25.1 - Prob. 3BYGOCh. 25.1 - Prob. 4BYGOCh. 25.1 - Prob. 1AYLOCh. 25.1 - The difference between the digestive tract and the...Ch. 25.1 - Prob. 3AYLOCh. 25.1 - Prob. 4AYLOCh. 25.1 - Prob. 5AYLOCh. 25.1 - Prob. 6AYLO
Ch. 25.2 - Prob. 5BYGOCh. 25.2 - Prob. 6BYGOCh. 25.2 - Prob. 7BYGOCh. 25.2 - Prob. 8BYGOCh. 25.2 - Prob. 9BYGOCh. 25.2 - Seven functions of the oral cavityCh. 25.2 - Prob. 2AYLOCh. 25.2 - Prob. 3AYLOCh. 25.2 - Prob. 4AYLOCh. 25.2 - Anatomy of the hard and soft palates; the two...Ch. 25.2 - Prob. 6AYLOCh. 25.2 - Six functions of saliva; its composition and pH;...Ch. 25.2 - Prob. 8AYLOCh. 25.2 - Prob. 9AYLOCh. 25.2 - The physiology of swallowing; the swallowing...Ch. 25.3 - Prob. 10BYGOCh. 25.3 - Prob. 11BYGOCh. 25.3 - Prob. 12BYGOCh. 25.3 - Prob. 13BYGOCh. 25.3 - Anatomy and functions of the stomach; features...Ch. 25.3 - Prob. 2AYLOCh. 25.3 - Prob. 3AYLOCh. 25.3 - Prob. 4AYLOCh. 25.3 - The cells that secrete hydrochloric acid, how they...Ch. 25.3 - Prob. 6AYLOCh. 25.3 - Prob. 7AYLOCh. 25.3 - Prob. 8AYLOCh. 25.3 - Prob. 9AYLOCh. 25.3 - Prob. 10AYLOCh. 25.3 - Prob. 11AYLOCh. 25.3 - The degree of digestion that occurs in the...Ch. 25.3 - Prob. 13AYLOCh. 25.3 - Prob. 14AYLOCh. 25.4 - Prob. 14BYGOCh. 25.4 - Prob. 15BYGOCh. 25.4 - Prob. 16BYGOCh. 25.4 - Prob. 17BYGOCh. 25.4 - Prob. 1AYLOCh. 25.4 - Prob. 2AYLOCh. 25.4 - Prob. 3AYLOCh. 25.4 - Prob. 4AYLOCh. 25.4 - Prob. 5AYLOCh. 25.4 - Prob. 6AYLOCh. 25.4 - Prob. 7AYLOCh. 25.4 - Composition and digestive functions of pancreatic...Ch. 25.4 - Prob. 9AYLOCh. 25.5 - Prob. 18BYGOCh. 25.5 - Prob. 19BYGOCh. 25.5 - Distinguish between segmentation and the migrating...Ch. 25.5 - Structures that mark the beginning and end of the...Ch. 25.5 - Prob. 2AYLOCh. 25.5 - Prob. 3AYLOCh. 25.5 - Prob. 4AYLOCh. 25.5 - Prob. 5AYLOCh. 25.5 - Prob. 6AYLOCh. 25.6 - What three classes of nutrients are most abundant?...Ch. 25.6 - Prob. 22BYGOCh. 25.6 - Prob. 23BYGOCh. 25.6 - Prob. 24BYGOCh. 25.6 - Prob. 25BYGOCh. 25.6 - Prob. 1AYLOCh. 25.6 - Prob. 2AYLOCh. 25.6 - Prob. 3AYLOCh. 25.6 - Prob. 4AYLOCh. 25.6 - Prob. 5AYLOCh. 25.6 - Prob. 6AYLOCh. 25.6 - Prob. 7AYLOCh. 25.6 - Differences between emulsification droplets,...Ch. 25.6 - Prob. 9AYLOCh. 25.6 - Prob. 10AYLOCh. 25.6 - Prob. 11AYLOCh. 25.7 - Prob. 26BYGOCh. 25.7 - Prob. 27BYGOCh. 25.7 - Prob. 28BYGOCh. 25.7 - Prob. 1AYLOCh. 25.7 - Prob. 2AYLOCh. 25.7 - Prob. 3AYLOCh. 25.7 - Mechanisms of the intrinsic and parasympathetic...Ch. 25 - Prob. 1TYRCh. 25 - Prob. 2TYRCh. 25 - Prob. 3TYRCh. 25 - Prob. 4TYRCh. 25 - Prob. 5TYRCh. 25 - All of the following contribute to the absorptive...Ch. 25 - Which of the following is a periodontal tissue? a....Ch. 25 - Prob. 8TYRCh. 25 - Prob. 9TYRCh. 25 - Prob. 10TYRCh. 25 - Cusps are a feature of the ______ surfaces of the...Ch. 25 - Prob. 12TYRCh. 25 - Prob. 13TYRCh. 25 - Prob. 14TYRCh. 25 - Nervous stimulation of gastrointestinal activity...Ch. 25 - Prob. 16TYRCh. 25 - Prob. 17TYRCh. 25 - Prob. 18TYRCh. 25 - Prob. 19TYRCh. 25 - Prob. 20TYRCh. 25 - Prob. 1BYMVCh. 25 - Prob. 2BYMVCh. 25 - -elleCh. 25 - Prob. 4BYMVCh. 25 - Prob. 5BYMVCh. 25 - Prob. 6BYMVCh. 25 - Prob. 7BYMVCh. 25 - porto-Ch. 25 - Prob. 9BYMVCh. 25 - Prob. 10BYMVCh. 25 - Prob. 1WWTSCh. 25 - Prob. 2WWTSCh. 25 - Prob. 3WWTSCh. 25 - Prob. 4WWTSCh. 25 - Lipids enter the circulation when the intestinal...Ch. 25 - Prob. 6WWTSCh. 25 - Prob. 7WWTSCh. 25 - Prob. 8WWTSCh. 25 - Prob. 9WWTSCh. 25 - Prob. 10WWTSCh. 25 - Prob. 1TYCCh. 25 - Prob. 2TYCCh. 25 - What do carboxypeptidase and aminopeptidase have...Ch. 25 - What do micelles and chylomicrons have in common?...Ch. 25 - Explain why most dietary lipids must be absorbed...
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