Campbell Biology in Focus
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780134710679
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Rebecca Orr
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 24.1, Problem 4CC
Summary Introduction
To explain:
The reason how the genetic information flows from the RNA to DNA in the changing RNA world and whether such a flow occurs today.
Concept introduction:
The primitive life present on the earth contained RNA with self-enzymatic activity. The
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The RNA World Hypothesis suggests that the earliest forms of life used RNA as a genome instead of DNA. Why then do we not see organisms alive today with RNA genomes?
(a) Why can there be multiple codons for an amino acid? Why would this have evolved?
(b) What is the advantage of Illumina Next Generation Sequencing?
If RNA played a key role in the origin of life,why do cells now use DNA for information storage and proteins to carry out other cellular processes?
Chapter 24 Solutions
Campbell Biology in Focus
Ch. 24.1 - What hypothesis did Miller test in his classic...Ch. 24.1 - How would the appearance of protocells have...Ch. 24.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 24.1 - Prob. 4CCCh. 24.2 - Contrast the cellular and DNA structures of...Ch. 24.2 - Distinguish between the four major modes of...Ch. 24.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 24.2 - Prob. 4CCCh. 24.3 - Although rare on a per gene basis, new mutations...Ch. 24.3 - Distinguish between the three mechanisms by which...
Ch. 24.3 - In a rapidly changing environment, which bacterial...Ch. 24.3 - WHAT IF? If a nonpathogenic bacterium were to...Ch. 24.4 - Explain how molecular systematics and metagenomics...Ch. 24.4 - WHAT IF? What would the discovery of a bacterial...Ch. 24.5 - Explain how prokaryotes, though small, can be...Ch. 24.5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 24.5 - Prob. 3CCCh. 24.5 - Prob. 4CCCh. 24 - Which of the following steps has not yet been...Ch. 24 - Fossilized stromatolites A. more than 2.8 billion...Ch. 24 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 24 - Photoautotrophs use A. light as an energy source...Ch. 24 - Which of the following statements is not true? A....Ch. 24 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 24 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 24 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY INTERPRET THE DATA The...Ch. 24 - FOCUS ON EVOLUTION In patients infected with...Ch. 24 - FOCUS ON ENERGY AND MATTER In a short essay (about...Ch. 24 - Prob. 11TYU
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- Calculate how many triplet codons would be possible had evolution seized on six bases (three complementary base pairs) rather than four bases with which to construct DNA. Would six bases accommodate a two-letter code, assuming 20 amino acids and start and stop codons?arrow_forwardIf nitrogenous bases (A, G, C, T or U) could polymerize to chains of nucleotides, could this eventually form the structure shown in the figure above? Would an RNA structure that can act as an enzyme, such as the one shown above, have been the result of chemical evolution with competition between replicating RNA molecules? Or was it likely the first RNA molecule that arose from a chain of nitrogenous bases could immediately act as an enzyme?arrow_forwardGive the biological information in DNA generate an enormous diversity of living organisms?arrow_forward
- Imagine that all six of the key players in the discovery of the structure of DNA had agreed to work together from the start. How do you think the processarrow_forwardExplain and elaborate on the new DNA chain of a daughter DNA double helix and the old DNA chain in the other daughter DNA double helix and its relationship?arrow_forwardA fairly conserved gene is compared between a human, a chimpanzee, a bear and a banana. How would you expect their DNA sequences to relate?arrow_forward
- Evolution accounts for the unity and diversity of life, and the continuity of life is based on heritable information in the form of DNA. In a short essay (100-150 words), discuss how the fidelity with which DNA is inherited is related to the processes of evolution. (Review the discussion of proofreading and DNA repair in Concept 16.2.)arrow_forwardAlign the sequences below so as to maximize their similarity. What is the minimum number of evolutionary steps that separate these two sequences? TTGCAAAC TGAAACTGarrow_forward→ 읊 https://openvellum.ecollege.com/course.html?courseld-15183778&HepID=fb9c...☆ @ Pearson Copyright O 2019 Pearson Education Inc. All rights reserved. | Terms of Use | Privacy Policy Permissions I Contact Usarrow_forward
- What observations are consistent with the conclusion that DNA serves as the genetic material in eukaryotes? Select the four correct statements. a. DNA content and ploidy in various cell types( sperm and somatic cells) are related b. DNA is found to be the only macromolecule in eukaryotes that has different subunits. c. Gene transfer is a direct evidence as it has been facilitated by recombinant DNA techniques. d. The correlation of the action and absorption spectra of ultraviolet light support the interpretation that DNA is a genetic material. e. DNA is shown to be present in ribosomes, matrix, and nucleus, where genetic function is performed. f. DNA is shown to be present in mitochondria, chloroplasts, and nucleus, where genetic function is performed.arrow_forwardYou don't need the internet to exchange "gene-mail" with your friends, you have your own way to share the latest genes for things like antibiotic resistance. a. What is the structure being described? b. What is the chemical composition of this structure? c. What is the function of the structure, and how does it benefit the bacteria? I'm not getting this riddle.arrow_forwardThe Selfish Gene is a radical theory that argues that all living creatures are essentially vehicles for their genes- hence, we all are a “survival machine" for our genes. In the light of what you have learned about the molecular structure and function of the gene, is this perspective still relevant? Cite specific biological phenomena to prove your point. References:arrow_forward
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