Campbell Biology in Focus
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780134710679
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Rebecca Orr
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 24.3, Problem 4CC
WHAT IF? If a nonpathogenic bacterium were to acquire resistance to antibiotics, could this strain pose a health risk to people? In general, how does DNA transfer among bacteria affect the spread of resistance genes?
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Q. The diagram is given below shows conjugation between F + or Hfr donor cells with F-recipient cells. On the basis of this diagram, answer the following questions.1. How you will differentiate between an F + and an Hfr strain? 2. Among two strains, which type of strain do you expect to transfer bacterial genes to F-cells? 3. What may be the end status of both donor and recipient cells of F plasmid-mediated conjugation? 4. What may be the end result when Hfr conjugates with F- cell?
In generalized transduction....
Choose from the answers below:
random fragments of degraded bacterial DNA are packaged in phage particles.
the maximum size of transduced DNA fragments is dependent on the size of the phage particles.
the transducing DNA fragments are generated by faulty excision of a prophage from the host genome.
a and b, but not c
b and c, but not a
Chapter 24 Solutions
Campbell Biology in Focus
Ch. 24.1 - What hypothesis did Miller test in his classic...Ch. 24.1 - How would the appearance of protocells have...Ch. 24.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 24.1 - Prob. 4CCCh. 24.2 - Contrast the cellular and DNA structures of...Ch. 24.2 - Distinguish between the four major modes of...Ch. 24.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 24.2 - Prob. 4CCCh. 24.3 - Although rare on a per gene basis, new mutations...Ch. 24.3 - Distinguish between the three mechanisms by which...
Ch. 24.3 - In a rapidly changing environment, which bacterial...Ch. 24.3 - WHAT IF? If a nonpathogenic bacterium were to...Ch. 24.4 - Explain how molecular systematics and metagenomics...Ch. 24.4 - WHAT IF? What would the discovery of a bacterial...Ch. 24.5 - Explain how prokaryotes, though small, can be...Ch. 24.5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 24.5 - Prob. 3CCCh. 24.5 - Prob. 4CCCh. 24 - Which of the following steps has not yet been...Ch. 24 - Fossilized stromatolites A. more than 2.8 billion...Ch. 24 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 24 - Photoautotrophs use A. light as an energy source...Ch. 24 - Which of the following statements is not true? A....Ch. 24 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 24 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 24 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY INTERPRET THE DATA The...Ch. 24 - FOCUS ON EVOLUTION In patients infected with...Ch. 24 - FOCUS ON ENERGY AND MATTER In a short essay (about...Ch. 24 - Prob. 11TYU
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- Results from a Kirby Bauer antibiotic assay on a Gram-negative bacterial culture are described as follows: A) the bacterium is resistant to penicillin, an antibiotic that targets synthesis of the peptidoglycan cell wall and B) the bacterium is resistant to tetracycline, an antibiotic that targets the small subunit of the ribosome, inhibiting protein synthesis. Which of the results represents intrinsic resistant and which represents acquired resistants?arrow_forwardOne of the reasons why phage therapy has not been applied widely is that bacteria can become resistant to bacteriophages as well, through mutations in genes encoding for specific proteins. What would be a protein in the bacterial cell that, if mutated, would make that cell resistant to phage infection?arrow_forwardPlease ASAP. Thankyouarrow_forward
- "On the rapidity of antibiotic resistance evolution facilitated by a concentration gradient" The rapid emergence of bacterial strains resistant to multiple antibiotics is posing a growing public health risk. The mechanisms underlying the rapid evolution of drug resistance are, however, poorly understood. The heterogeneity of the environments in which bacteria encounter antibiotic drugs could play an important role. E.g., in the highly compartmentalized human body, drug levels can vary substantially between different organs and tissues. It has been proposed that this could facilitate the selection of resistance mutants, and recent experiments support this. To study the role of spatial heterogeneity in the evolution of drug resistance, we present a quantitative model describing an environment subdivided into relatively isolated compartments with various antibiotic concentrations, in which bacteria evolve under the stochastic processes of proliferation, migration, mutation and death.…arrow_forward"On the rapidity of antibiotic resistance evolution facilitated by a concentration gradient" The rapid emergence of bacterial strains resistant to multiple antibiotics is posing a growing public health risk. The mechanisms underlying the rapid evolution of drug resistance are, however, poorly understood. The heterogeneity of the environments in which bacteria encounter antibiotic drugs could play an important role. E.g., in the highly compartmentalized human body, drug levels can vary substantially between different organs and tissues. It has been proposed that this could facilitate the selection of resistance mutants, and recent experiments support this. To study the role of spatial heterogeneity in the evolution of drug resistance, we present a quantitative model describing an environment subdivided into relatively isolated compartments with various antibiotic concentrations, in which bacteria evolve under the stochastic processes of proliferation, migration, mutation and death.…arrow_forward"On the rapidity of antibiotic resistance evolution facilitated by a concentration gradient" The rapid emergence of bacterial strains resistant to multiple antibiotics is posing a growing public health risk. The mechanisms underlying the rapid evolution of drug resistance are, however, poorly understood. The heterogeneity of the environments in which bacteria encounter antibiotic drugs could play an important role. E.g., in the highly compartmentalized human body, drug levels can vary substantially between different organs and tissues. It has been proposed that this could facilitate the selection of resistance mutants, and recent experiments support this. To study the role of spatial heterogeneity in the evolution of drug resistance, we present a quantitative model describing an environment subdivided into relatively isolated compartments with various antibiotic concentrations, in which bacteria evolve under the stochastic processes of proliferation, migration, mutation and death.…arrow_forward
- What is molecular pharming? Compared with the production of proteins by bacteria, why might it be advantageous?arrow_forwardAbout the technique of phage display: MOLECULAR BIOLOGY_advanced The Escherichia coli cell infected by the phage codifies for the optimized ligand when the phage DNA integrates in the DNA of the bacteria. Phages are selected if they express on their surface the optimized ligand. One selects Escherichia coli cells that are resistant to the phage infection. More than one optimized ligand can be selected during the panning procedure. The ligand to be selected on the surface of the phage is non-covalently linked to one of the surface proteins.arrow_forwardWhich of the following apply to the development of urogenital tract Candida albicans infections? Disruption of population dynamics allowing the RB form of Chlamydia to cause tissue damage Loss of Lactobacillus populations leading to an increase in the local pH Loss of Gardnerella vaginalis populations leading to a lose of Clue cells Loss of the anaerobic environment that promotes the outgrowth of Trichomonas vaginalis None of the answers applyarrow_forward
- 2- Which statement is false is regarding GEMC ? (a)typical cloning vectors involbe plasmids and viruses (b)eukaryotic genes may only be introduced and expressed in eukaryotic microbes such as yeasts (c)horizontal gene transfer methods may be manipulated to introduce new genes (d) expressions of introduced genes can be monitored through the use of marker genes. (e)it is possible for multiple genes may be added to microbes from other sources . asap pleasearrow_forward1. Precise words:Find the nonspecific terms in the following sentences. Replace the nonspecific choices with more preciseterms or phrases (It is not necessary to change the sentence structure).(i) All OVE mutants showed enhanced iP concentrations.(ii) Plants were kept in the cold overnight.(iii) To provide proof of concept for our hypothesis, we studied a virus in its host cell.(iv) The present paper reports on continuing experiments that were performed to clarify thissurprising effect.(v) The first transition state is a little lower in energy than the second transition state. 2. Simple words:Improve the word choice in the following examples by replacing the underlined terms or phrases withsimpler word choices (do not change the sentence structure).(i) These data substantiate our hypothesis.(ii) The difference in our results compared to those of Reuter et al. (1995) can be accounted forby the fact that different conditions were used.(iii) For the purpose of discussing cell migration we…arrow_forwardYes or no? Does hydrogen peroxide used for permrabilizing tissues for riboprobe entry ? Does reverse transcriptase synthesize RNA from DNA? does microarrays need to use known gene sequence?arrow_forward
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