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Interpretation:
Given that the compound represented by the model is an intermediate formed by addition of an ester enolate ion to a second ester molecule. The reactant, the leaving group and the product are to be identified.
Concept introduction:
The Claisen condensation reaction involves a reversible condensation between two molecules of an ester that has α-hydrogen atoms in the presence of one equivalent of a base like sodium ethoxide. The product obtained is a β-keto ester. In the reaction an alcohol molecule is eliminated and the product has an acyl group of one of the reactant molecule attached to the α-carbon of the second molecule.
To identify:
The reactant, the leaving group and the product involved in preparing the compound represented by the model is an intermediate formed by addition of an ester enolate ion to a second ester molecule.
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Chapter 23 Solutions
Organic Chemistry
- The following molecule undergoes an intramolecular reaction in the presence of pyrrolidinium acetate, the protonated form of pyrrolidine. Draw the product of this reaction, assuming that a dehydration reaction takes place.arrow_forwarddescribe how steric and electronic effects influence the postion of equilibrium when the electrophilic center of an aldehyde or ketone is under nucleophilic attack.arrow_forwardDraw the two reactants used to form the following compound, label the nucleophile and the electrophile, and using arrows show the points of attack of the nucleophile on the electrophile that enables the formation of the heterocyclic product.arrow_forward
- Hydration of aldehydes and ketones can be catalyzed by acid or base. Bases catalyze hydration by: protonating the carbonyl oxygen making the carbonyl group more electrophilic employing hydroxide ion, which is a better nucleophile than water making the carbonyl group less electrophilic shifting the equilibrium position of the reaction to favor productsarrow_forwardWhat is the source of the nucleophilic attack? How does the oxygen get protonated? What causes the elimination reaction?arrow_forwardIdentify the best reagents to complete the following reaction. HO, CIarrow_forward
- Carbonyl compounds can be protonated on the carbonyl oxygen. Protonation of the carbonyl oxygen gives a species whose positive charge is delocalized by resonance. Explain why acetic acid (ethanoic acid) is more readily protonated than acetone (propanone).arrow_forwardDefine central relationship between nucleophilicity and basicity in comparing two nucleophiles?arrow_forwardWhen propene reacts with gaseous hydrogen bromide, HBr, two products, 1-bromopropane and 2-bromopropane are formed. The reaction is a two-step process in which the electrophilic attack occurs in the first step. Identify the electrophile in this reaction Draw a diagram showing the first step of the reaction that leads to the production of 2-bromopropane.arrow_forward
- Organic Chemistry: A Guided InquiryChemistryISBN:9780618974122Author:Andrei StraumanisPublisher:Cengage LearningOrganic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305580350Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. FootePublisher:Cengage Learning
- Introduction to General, Organic and BiochemistryChemistryISBN:9781285869759Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage Learning
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