BIOLOGY
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781264839698
Author: Raven
Publisher: MCG CUSTOM
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Chapter 23.4, Problem 3LO
Summary Introduction
To determine: The way in which a phylogenetic tree can indicate the timing of species diversification.
Introduction: Species diversification is the evolution that explains the collective fluctuations that occur in the heritable traits of a population. It can produce in diversification in a species that is microevolution or diversification among species or macroevolution.
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When building a phylogenetic tree, where do you place a number used to designate a change in character state?options:
at a mark crossing the branch for the species that exhibits the new state
at a node where two branches diverge
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Discuss the role of clades and derived characters in constructing phylogenetic trees
Draw a simple phylogenetic tree and identify a node, a branch, and an outgroup.
Chapter 23 Solutions
BIOLOGY
Ch. 23.1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 23.1 - Prob. 2LOCh. 23.2 - Prob. 1LOCh. 23.2 - Prob. 2LOCh. 23.2 - Demonstrate how a cladogram is constructed.Ch. 23.3 - Explain the taxonomic classification system.Ch. 23.3 - Prob. 2LOCh. 23.3 - Prob. 3LOCh. 23.4 - Prob. 1LOCh. 23.4 - Prob. 2LO
Ch. 23.4 - Prob. 3LOCh. 23.5 - Prob. 1LOCh. 23 - Construct a data matrix like the one in figure...Ch. 23 - Prob. 1IQCh. 23 - Prob. 2IQCh. 23 - Prob. 3IQCh. 23 - Prob. 4IQCh. 23 - Overall similarity of phenotypes may not always...Ch. 23 - a. is based on overall similarity of phenotypes....Ch. 23 - The principle of parsimony a. helps evolutionary...Ch. 23 - Parsimony suggests that parental care in birds,...Ch. 23 - The forelimb of a bird and the forelimb of a...Ch. 23 - In order to determine polarity for different...Ch. 23 - In a paraphyletic group a. all species are more...Ch. 23 - A paraphyletic group includes a. an ancestor and...Ch. 23 - Prob. 9UCh. 23 - A taxonomic group that contains species that have...Ch. 23 - Rapid rates of character change relative to the...Ch. 23 - Species recognized by the phylogenetic species...Ch. 23 - Prob. 1SCh. 23 - Identifying outgroups is a central component of...Ch. 23 - As noted in your reading, cladistics is a widely...Ch. 23 - Across many species of limpets, loss of larval...Ch. 23 - Birds, pterosaurs (a type of flying reptile that...Ch. 23 - AID:1825 | 10/04/2018 6. In what sense does the...
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- The approach to estimating phylogenetic trees is most like the approach of which species concept? 2) A) Morphological species concept B) Biological species conceptC) Subspecies concept D) Phylogenetic species concept Then explain why the answer is correct and the rest are inccorect.arrow_forwardUse the data matric provided to draft a phylogenetic tree. Label the outgroup and indicate the origin of each of the Pax genes on the tree. Presence of Pax Genes * Pax1 Pax2 Pax3 Pax4 Pax5 Genes → Species ↓ S. Philomina 1 1 1 1 1 J. Antar 1 1 1 1 0 M. Aflaton 1 1 1 1 0 J. Fangaloza 1 1 0 0 0 A. Harisa 0 0 0 0 0 *1 = present; 0 = absentarrow_forwardExplain the steps for Constructing a species-level phylogenetic tree usingDNA sequences ?arrow_forward
- Describe and illustrate the parts of a phylogenetic tree.arrow_forwardUsing the phylogenic tree below, answer the following questions: 1 -Species A -Species B -Species C -Species D -Species E -Species F Which species will shares only one characteristic with the others? Which numbered location identifies characteristics shared by Species E and F? Which species will share characteristics similar to those at location 3? Which numbered location indicates a common ancestor of all the species on the tree?arrow_forwardDescribe at least one reason that the traditional phylogenetic tree model may require modification.arrow_forward
- When constructing phylogenetic trees, what is the purpose of applying maximum parsimony? Parsimony allows the researcher to "root" the tree. For trees based on morphology, the most parsimonious tree requires the maximum evolutionary events. The outgroup roots the tree, allowing the principle of parsimony to be applied. For trees based on morphology, the most parsimonious is the one that uses the simplest explanation of evolutionary events.arrow_forwardPlease compare these phylogenetic trees and choose the most accurate statement about whether they are the same tree or not. A a Select an answer and submit. For keyboard navigation, use the up/down arrow keys to select an answer. b с DCBE d E A They are not the same because the overall shape looks different. They are not the same because they show different relationships among species. Nodes have been rotated but the species relationships are the same. They are the same because they have the same species at their tips. D C Barrow_forwardWhich of the following is FALSE regarding phylogenetic trees? 1) The branch lengths on the tree are scaled to molecular (DNA) changes and/or time. 2)Phylogenetic trees have shown us that there is much more bacterial diversity compared to eukaryotes. 3) Phylogenetic trees show the evolutionary relatedness of different organisms. 4). The branch lengths on the tree depict abiotic and biotic factors affecting speciation.arrow_forward
- When building a phylogenetic tree, where do you place a letter used to designate a species? options: at a mark crossing the branch to the clade that includes that species at a node where two branches diverge at the end of a branch unique to that speciesarrow_forwardIdentify the outgroup from the phylogenetic trees and box/mark the whole lineage in red. Identify the most recent common ancestor for species A and B and mark it in blue. Identify the most recent common ancestor for species C and D and mark it in green. E A B C D E B C D Earrow_forwardUse UPGMA to reconstruct a phylogenetic tree using the following distance matrix:arrow_forward
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