Concept explainers
Interpretation: To identify the species that is not a B-vitamin-containing coenzyme required in the common
Concept introduction: Common metabolic pathway is the total sum of metabolic reactions that occur in stage third and fourth of the biochemical process or it is defined as the total sum of reactions that occur in the citric acid cycle and electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation.
These stages are included in the common metabolic pathway because the reactions in these stages are the same for different kinds of food.
The citric acid cycle is the third stage of the biochemical energy production process. The cycle includes the reactions in which the acetyl part of acetyl CoA is oxidized and leads to the formation of carbon dioxide and
Electron transport chain is a sequence of biochemical reactions in which electrons and hydrogen atoms from the citric acid cycle are transferred to various intermediate carriers and finally reacts with molecular oxygen to form a water molecule.
The B-vitamins consist of a group of vitamins that are water soluble and acts as precursors for enzyme cofactors.
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Chapter 23 Solutions
Study Guide with Selected Solutions for Stoker's General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, 7th
- Which of the following citric acid cycle intermediates is a C4 species? a. citrate b. succinate c. -ketoglutarate d. no correct responsearrow_forwardIn which of the following listings of citric acid cycle intermediates are the compounds listed in the order in which they arc encountered in a turn of the cycle? a. isocitrate, oxaloacetate, succinate b. succinate, malate, oxaloacetate c. citrate, oxaloacetate, fumarate d. no correct responsearrow_forwardHormone-sensitive lipase needed for triacylglycerol mobilization is activated by a. epinephrine b. cAMP c. adipocytes d. no correct responsearrow_forward
- Which of the following stages in the biochemical energy production process immediately precedes the citric acid cycle? a. digestion b. acetyl group formation c. electron transport chain d. no correct responsearrow_forwardIn the degradation of heme, the iron atom present is released and then a. eliminated from the body in the urine b. captured by the iron-storage protein ferritin c. captured by the B vitamin niacin d. no correct responsearrow_forwardWhat is the substrate that initially interacts with protein complex II in the electron transport chain a. NADH b. FADH2 c. CoQ d. no correct responsearrow_forward
- 15.7) Determine whether each of the following changes is an oxidation or reduction. a) gain of electrons reduction b) loss of electrons oxidation c) Fe²+ to Fe³+ oxidation d) NADH to NAD+ oxidation lost bond to hydrogen atom e) FAD to FADH₂ reduction gained bond to hydrogen atom f) CH4 to CO₂ oxidation gained bonds to oxygen atoms and lost bonds to hydrogen atoms g) NAD+ to NADH reduction gained bond to hydrogen atom EXPLANATION: A useful mnemonic to differentiate oxidation and reduction is the term "OILRIG" (Oxidation is the Loss of electrons; Reduction is the Gain of electrons). It is possible to identify redox reactions for inorganic compounds by inspecting the chemical equation and determining if electrons are transferred from one species to another. If the charge of an atom or ion in a reactant was increased (toward positive) in the conversion of reactants to products, an oxidation occurred. If the charge of an atom or ion in a reactant was decreased (toward negative) in the…arrow_forwardWhich of the following is a fuel for the electron transport chain? a. acetyl CoA b. carbon dioxide c. NADH d. no correct responsearrow_forwardI don't get it at all. I struggled with my homework. Can you help me? Can you help me to explain to me, please?arrow_forward
- General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781285853918Author:H. Stephen StokerPublisher:Cengage LearningOrganic And Biological ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305081079Author:STOKER, H. Stephen (howard Stephen)Publisher:Cengage Learning,