Chapter 23, Problem 98IL

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structures with systematic names of alcohol A and acid B has to be given.

Concept introduction:

Any organic molecule can be named by using certain rules given by IUPAC (International Union for Pure and applied chemistry).IUPAC name consists of three parts, namely Prefix, suffix and root word.

Prefix- Represents the substituent present in the molecule and its position in the root name.

Suffix- Denotes the presence of functional group if any in the molecule.  It can be an alkene, alkyne, alcohol, carboxylic acid, alcohol etc.  To add suffix to name a compound, the suffix “-ane” in the parent alkane is replaced by the respective suffix, which corresponds to the functional group present in the given compound.  For carboxylic acid, suffix “-oic” will be added, for alcohol, suffix “-ol” will be added and so on

Root word - Represents the longest continuous carbon skeleton of the organic molecule.

Oxidation reaction:

Alcohol undergoes oxidation reaction using oxidising agent like ${\text{KMnO}}_{\text{4}}{\text{or K}}_{\text{2}}{\text{Cr}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{7}}$ which yields the corresponding carbonyl compounds. Primary alcohol undergoes oxidation reaction yields the corresponding aldehyde or acid, secondary alcohol undergoes oxidation reaction yields the corresponding ketone as the product. Tertiary alcohols do not undergo oxidation reaction.