The synthesis of propoxyphene has to be proposed from 1-phenyl-1-propanone. Concept introduction: Aldol condensation: The aldehyde or ketone are reaction with each other in the presence of acid or base which yields the corresponding α, β-unsaturated aldehyde with the elimination of water molecule is called as aldol condensation. Michael reaction: The nucleophile is reaction with α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compound (1,4 – addition) which yield the addition product is called Michael reaction. The Grignard reaction: Alkyl, vinyl, or aryl-magnesium halides ( RMgX ) is called as Grignard reagent. Grignard reagent is reaction with carbonyl compound such as aldehyde or ketone, produces corresponding alcohol is the product and it is the one of the carbon – carbon bond forming reaction.

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Answer 1

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 23, Problem 23.57P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The synthesis of propoxyphene has to be proposed from 1-phenyl-1-propanone.

Concept introduction:

Aldol condensation:

The aldehyde or ketone are reaction with each other in the presence of acid or base which yields the corresponding α, β-unsaturated aldehyde with the elimination of water molecule is called as aldol condensation.

Michael reaction:

The nucleophile is reaction with α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compound (1,4 – addition) which yield the addition product is called Michael reaction.

The Grignard reaction:

Alkyl, vinyl, or aryl-magnesium halides (RMgX) is called as Grignard reagent.

Grignard reagent is reaction with carbonyl compound such as aldehyde or ketone, produces corresponding alcohol is the product and it is the one of the carbon – carbon bond forming reaction.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The possible stereoisomer’s has to be shown if the product is chiral.

Concept introduction:

Chiral:

A molecule is non superimposable on its mirror image is called chiral molecule. Four different atoms attached to a carbon atom is called chiral molecule.

Isomer: A molecule having the same molecular formula but with different chemical structure is called isomer.

Stereoisomers: Stereoisomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula and they differ only in arrangement of atom in three-dimensional space.

Enantiomers: A compound which is non-superimposable mirror image is called enantiomers.

Diastereomers: A compound which is non-superimposable and non-mirror image is called diastereomers.

Racemic mixture: A racemic mixture is simply a mixture containing an equal amount of each enantiomer.

Achiral:

A molecule is superimposable on its mirror image is called achiral molecule.

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Unshared, or lone, electron pairs play an important role in determining the chemical and physical properties of organic compounds. Thus, it is important to know which atoms carry unshared pairs. Use the structural formulas below to determine the number of unshared pairs at each designated atom. Be sure your answers are consistent with the formal charges on the formulas. CH. H₂ fo H2 H The number of unshared pairs at atom a is The number of unshared pairs at atom b is The number of unshared pairs at atom c is HC HC HC CH The number of unshared pairs at atom a is The number of unshared pairs at atom b is The number of unshared pairs at atom c is

Draw curved arrows for the following reaction step. Arrow-pushing Instructions CH3 CH3 H H-O-H +/ H3C-C+ H3C-C-0: CH3 CH3 H

Answer 2

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 23, Problem 23.57P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The synthesis of propoxyphene has to be proposed from 1-phenyl-1-propanone.

Concept introduction:

Aldol condensation:

The aldehyde or ketone are reaction with each other in the presence of acid or base which yields the corresponding α, β-unsaturated aldehyde with the elimination of water molecule is called as aldol condensation.

Michael reaction:

The nucleophile is reaction with α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compound (1,4 – addition) which yield the addition product is called Michael reaction.

The Grignard reaction:

Alkyl, vinyl, or aryl-magnesium halides (RMgX) is called as Grignard reagent.

Grignard reagent is reaction with carbonyl compound such as aldehyde or ketone, produces corresponding alcohol is the product and it is the one of the carbon – carbon bond forming reaction.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The possible stereoisomer’s has to be shown if the product is chiral.

Concept introduction:

Chiral:

A molecule is non superimposable on its mirror image is called chiral molecule. Four different atoms attached to a carbon atom is called chiral molecule.

Isomer: A molecule having the same molecular formula but with different chemical structure is called isomer.

Stereoisomers: Stereoisomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula and they differ only in arrangement of atom in three-dimensional space.

Enantiomers: A compound which is non-superimposable mirror image is called enantiomers.

Diastereomers: A compound which is non-superimposable and non-mirror image is called diastereomers.

Racemic mixture: A racemic mixture is simply a mixture containing an equal amount of each enantiomer.

Achiral:

A molecule is superimposable on its mirror image is called achiral molecule.

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 23, Problem 23.57P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The synthesis of propoxyphene has to be proposed from 1-phenyl-1-propanone.

Concept introduction:

Aldol condensation:

The aldehyde or ketone are reaction with each other in the presence of acid or base which yields the corresponding α, β-unsaturated aldehyde with the elimination of water molecule is called as aldol condensation.

Michael reaction:

The nucleophile is reaction with α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compound (1,4 – addition) which yield the addition product is called Michael reaction.

The Grignard reaction:

Alkyl, vinyl, or aryl-magnesium halides (RMgX) is called as Grignard reagent.

Grignard reagent is reaction with carbonyl compound such as aldehyde or ketone, produces corresponding alcohol is the product and it is the one of the carbon – carbon bond forming reaction.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The possible stereoisomer’s has to be shown if the product is chiral.

Concept introduction:

Chiral:

A molecule is non superimposable on its mirror image is called chiral molecule. Four different atoms attached to a carbon atom is called chiral molecule.

Isomer: A molecule having the same molecular formula but with different chemical structure is called isomer.

Stereoisomers: Stereoisomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula and they differ only in arrangement of atom in three-dimensional space.

Enantiomers: A compound which is non-superimposable mirror image is called enantiomers.

Diastereomers: A compound which is non-superimposable and non-mirror image is called diastereomers.

Racemic mixture: A racemic mixture is simply a mixture containing an equal amount of each enantiomer.

Achiral:

A molecule is superimposable on its mirror image is called achiral molecule.

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Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 23, Problem 23.57P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The synthesis of propoxyphene has to be proposed from 1-phenyl-1-propanone.

Concept introduction:

Aldol condensation:

The aldehyde or ketone are reaction with each other in the presence of acid or base which yields the corresponding α, β-unsaturated aldehyde with the elimination of water molecule is called as aldol condensation.

Michael reaction:

The nucleophile is reaction with α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compound (1,4 – addition) which yield the addition product is called Michael reaction.

The Grignard reaction:

Alkyl, vinyl, or aryl-magnesium halides (RMgX) is called as Grignard reagent.

Grignard reagent is reaction with carbonyl compound such as aldehyde or ketone, produces corresponding alcohol is the product and it is the one of the carbon – carbon bond forming reaction.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The possible stereoisomer’s has to be shown if the product is chiral.

Concept introduction:

Chiral:

A molecule is non superimposable on its mirror image is called chiral molecule. Four different atoms attached to a carbon atom is called chiral molecule.

Isomer: A molecule having the same molecular formula but with different chemical structure is called isomer.

Stereoisomers: Stereoisomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula and they differ only in arrangement of atom in three-dimensional space.

Enantiomers: A compound which is non-superimposable mirror image is called enantiomers.

Diastereomers: A compound which is non-superimposable and non-mirror image is called diastereomers.

Racemic mixture: A racemic mixture is simply a mixture containing an equal amount of each enantiomer.

Achiral:

A molecule is superimposable on its mirror image is called achiral molecule.

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Answer 5

Chapter 23, Problem 23.57P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The synthesis of propoxyphene has to be proposed from 1-phenyl-1-propanone.

Concept introduction:

Aldol condensation:

The aldehyde or ketone are reaction with each other in the presence of acid or base which yields the corresponding α, β-unsaturated aldehyde with the elimination of water molecule is called as aldol condensation.

Michael reaction:

The nucleophile is reaction with α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compound (1,4 – addition) which yield the addition product is called Michael reaction.

The Grignard reaction:

Alkyl, vinyl, or aryl-magnesium halides (RMgX) is called as Grignard reagent.

Grignard reagent is reaction with carbonyl compound such as aldehyde or ketone, produces corresponding alcohol is the product and it is the one of the carbon – carbon bond forming reaction.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The possible stereoisomer’s has to be shown if the product is chiral.

Concept introduction:

Chiral:

A molecule is non superimposable on its mirror image is called chiral molecule. Four different atoms attached to a carbon atom is called chiral molecule.

Isomer: A molecule having the same molecular formula but with different chemical structure is called isomer.

Stereoisomers: Stereoisomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula and they differ only in arrangement of atom in three-dimensional space.

Enantiomers: A compound which is non-superimposable mirror image is called enantiomers.

Diastereomers: A compound which is non-superimposable and non-mirror image is called diastereomers.

Racemic mixture: A racemic mixture is simply a mixture containing an equal amount of each enantiomer.

Achiral:

A molecule is superimposable on its mirror image is called achiral molecule.

Answer 6

Chapter 23, Problem 23.57P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The synthesis of propoxyphene has to be proposed from 1-phenyl-1-propanone.

Concept introduction:

Aldol condensation:

The aldehyde or ketone are reaction with each other in the presence of acid or base which yields the corresponding α, β-unsaturated aldehyde with the elimination of water molecule is called as aldol condensation.

Michael reaction:

The nucleophile is reaction with α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compound (1,4 – addition) which yield the addition product is called Michael reaction.

The Grignard reaction:

Alkyl, vinyl, or aryl-magnesium halides (RMgX) is called as Grignard reagent.

Grignard reagent is reaction with carbonyl compound such as aldehyde or ketone, produces corresponding alcohol is the product and it is the one of the carbon – carbon bond forming reaction.

Answer 7

Chapter 23, Problem 23.57P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The synthesis of propoxyphene has to be proposed from 1-phenyl-1-propanone.

Concept introduction:

Aldol condensation:

The aldehyde or ketone are reaction with each other in the presence of acid or base which yields the corresponding α, β-unsaturated aldehyde with the elimination of water molecule is called as aldol condensation.

Michael reaction:

The nucleophile is reaction with α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compound (1,4 – addition) which yield the addition product is called Michael reaction.

The Grignard reaction:

Alkyl, vinyl, or aryl-magnesium halides (RMgX) is called as Grignard reagent.

Grignard reagent is reaction with carbonyl compound such as aldehyde or ketone, produces corresponding alcohol is the product and it is the one of the carbon – carbon bond forming reaction.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The possible stereoisomer’s has to be shown if the product is chiral.

Concept introduction:

Chiral:

A molecule is non superimposable on its mirror image is called chiral molecule. Four different atoms attached to a carbon atom is called chiral molecule.

Isomer: A molecule having the same molecular formula but with different chemical structure is called isomer.

Stereoisomers: Stereoisomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula and they differ only in arrangement of atom in three-dimensional space.

Enantiomers: A compound which is non-superimposable mirror image is called enantiomers.

Diastereomers: A compound which is non-superimposable and non-mirror image is called diastereomers.

Racemic mixture: A racemic mixture is simply a mixture containing an equal amount of each enantiomer.

Achiral:

A molecule is superimposable on its mirror image is called achiral molecule.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The possible stereoisomer’s has to be shown if the product is chiral.

Concept introduction:

Chiral:

A molecule is non superimposable on its mirror image is called chiral molecule. Four different atoms attached to a carbon atom is called chiral molecule.

Isomer: A molecule having the same molecular formula but with different chemical structure is called isomer.

Stereoisomers: Stereoisomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula and they differ only in arrangement of atom in three-dimensional space.

Enantiomers: A compound which is non-superimposable mirror image is called enantiomers.

Diastereomers: A compound which is non-superimposable and non-mirror image is called diastereomers.

Racemic mixture: A racemic mixture is simply a mixture containing an equal amount of each enantiomer.

Achiral:

A molecule is superimposable on its mirror image is called achiral molecule.

Answer 10

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Answer 11

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Answer 12

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Answer 13

Ch. 23.1 - Prob. 23.1P Ch. 23.2 - Prob. 23.2P Ch. 23.2 - Prob. 23.3P Ch. 23.2 - Prob. 23.4P Ch. 23.5 - Prob. 23.5P Ch. 23.5 - Prob. AQ Ch. 23.5 - What is the hybridization of the nitrogen in...Ch. 23.5 - Prob. CQ Ch. 23.5 - The pKas of the conjugate acids of aniline and...Ch. 23.5 - Prob. EQ

Solution Summary: The author explains that the synthesis of propoxyphene has to be proposed from 1-phenyl-1-propanone.

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