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Explain the reasons for a compound's greater or lesser reactivity toward electrophilic aromatic substitution. Give reasons.
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- The Friedel-Crafts Alkylation of p-xylene n-propyl bromide can result in an isopropyl as well as n-propyl substitution. A) Write the chemical equation involved in this reaction. B) Which will be the major and minor product? What do you expect will be the ratio of n-propyl to isopropyl substitution for p-xylene?1) The carbon-oxygen double bond present in aldehydes and ketones is very polar. What does this mean and how does it arise? 2) The carbon-oxygen double bond is readily attacked by nucleophiles like cyanide ions or ammonia. (i) What do you understand by the term nucleophile? (ii) Which part of the carbon-oxygen double bond is attractive to nucleophiles? 3) Why is there a difference between aldehydes and ketones in their response to oxidizing agents such as potassium dichromate(VI) solution acidified with dilute sulfuric acid?1) Provide an arow-pushing mechanism for the reaction shown below. 8 H3O+ (aq)
- The hydrocarbon fluorene was treated with potassium t-butoxide in an acid-base reaction, giving the fluorenide anion and t-butyl alcohol. (a) Which way does the equilibrium lie, and by how much? b) What is the proportion of the fluorenide anion to fluorene? (c) Why is fluorene so highly acidic, considering the pKa of an average alkane is above 50?Assuming that benzaldehyde is the limiting reagent for the synthesis of stilbene, that stilbene is the limiting reagent for the synthesis of stilbene dibromide, and that stilbene dibromide is the limiting reagent for the synthesis of diphenylacetylene; what is the overall % yield of diphenylacetylene from benzaldehyde given the percentage yield of each step of the reaction sequence as follows? Give only two significant digits. If the answer is a whole number with two digits, do not include the decimal. benza Idehy de Notes: 66% stil be ne 23% stilbene dibromi de 66% dipheny lacetyle neAssuming that benzaldehyde is the limiting reagent for the synthesis of stilbene, that stilbene is the limiting reagent for the synthesis of stilbene dibromide, and that stilbene dibromide is the limiting reagent for the synthesis of diphenylacetylene; what is the overall % yield of diphenylacetylene from benzaldehyde given the percentage yield of each step of the reaction sequence as follows? Give only two significant digits. If the answer is a whole number with two digits, do not include the decimal. 52% 87% benzaldehyde → stilbene → stilbene dibromide 41% Answer: diphenylacetylene Notes: For our multi-step synthesis we cannot just calculate the yield based on starting amount of benzaldehyde and final amount of diphenylacetylene because your group may have been supplemented with commercial material at one or more steps. In truth most chemist use an excess of the least expensive reagent to increase their yield. So in our case benzyltriphenylphosphonium chloride should probably be our…
- The molecule decolorizes a Br2/CC14 Solur ESTION 6 Nitration of which dibromobenzene would yield three different trisubstituted products? Assume only mononitration takes pla o-Dibromobenzene m-Dibromobenzene p-Dibromobenzene QUESTION 7 Classify the EAS reaction.Furan undergoes electrophilic aromatic substitution more readily than benzene; mild reagents and conditions are sufficient.For example, furan reacts with bromine to give 2-bromofuran. Explain why furan undergoes bromination (and other electrophilic aromatic substitutions) primarily at the 2-position.4-pyranone will quickly undergo an acid-base reaction. Identify the reaction conditions that will result in the formation of an aromatic product. Then, draw the aromatic resonance product structure. Include all lone pairs in your structure. Ignore inorganic byproducts. :0: :O:
- Synthesize 1,4-dibromobenzene from acetanilide (N-phenylacetamide) using the necessary organic or inorganic reagents. Draw the structures of the compounds.The ethylation of benzene is an electrophilic substitution reaction. Identify the electrophile in the reaction. Write the equation including reagents and conditions for the ethylation of benzene to produce ethylbenzene. Hence outline the mechanism for the reaction.Fill the blank space. Compounds containing a phenol group may work as ANTIOXIDANTS to prevent free radical damage. This is accomplished when a free radical (or UV light) encounters a phenol group, turning the phenol group into a radical. However, contrary to typical radical behavior, the structure of the phenol radical can neutralize (or quench) the unpaired electron. Specifically, the phenol structure neutralizes (or quenches) the unpaired radical electron by doing the following: taking the electron and ---------. The correct name (or abbreviation) of an example compound containing a phenol group with antioxidant properties is: ---------.
