Major products for the given set of reactions have to be found. Concept Introduction : The nitro group present in the compound is reduced to amino group by using Fe, Zn, Sn or SnCl 2 in the presence of aqueous acid followed by the treatment with base such as NaOH. This reaction is more mild approach. It can be carried out in the presence of the other functional groups . For example: To find: Using a reduction followed by base treatment, prepare the major product of (a) Find the reaction of the starting material of (a) with Fe, H 3 O +

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 22, Problem 65PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Major products for the given set of reactions have to be found.

Concept Introduction:

The nitro group present in the compound is reduced to amino group by using Fe, Zn, Sn or SnCl₂ in the presence of aqueous acid followed by the treatment with base such as NaOH. This reaction is more mild approach. It can be carried out in the presence of the other functional groups. For example:

To find: Using a reduction followed by base treatment, prepare the major product of (a)

Find the reaction of the starting material of (a) with Fe, H₃O⁺

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Major products for the given set of reactions have to be found.

Concept Introduction:

Sodium cyanoborohydride is a strong reducing agent than sodium borohydride. It reduces the carbonyl group into amine group in a rapid way. So, it is called as reductive amination reactions. Aldehyde or ketone group is reacted with ammonia in the presence of sodium cyanoborohydride as a reducing agent and a proton source in the reaction medium to produce primary amines.

Aldehyde or ketone group is reacted with primary amine in the presence of sodium cyanoborohydride as a reducing agent and a proton source in the reaction medium to produce secondary amines.

Aldehyde or ketone group is reacted with secondary amine in the presence of sodium cyanoborohydride as a reducing agent and a proton source in the reaction medium to produce tertiary amines.

To find: Using a reductive amination, prepare the major product of (b)

Decide the reaction and the nature of the product

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Major products for the given set of reactions have to be found.

Concept introduction:

The reduction of lithium aluminum hydride on nitriles followed by water work-up gives amine with an additional carbon atom in their chain. This type of reaction is applied to increase the carbon skeleton and change in the identity of the functional group.

To find: The major product of the reaction (c)

Give for the formation of lithium salt by reduction

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Major products for the given set of reactions have to be found.

Concept introduction:

The reduction of lithium aluminum hydride on nitriles followed by water work-up gives amine with an additional carbon atom in their chain. This type of reaction is applied to increase the carbon skeleton and change in the identity of the functional group.

To find: The major product of the reaction (d)

Give for the formation of lithium ion by reduction

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I have a question about this problem involving mechanisms and drawing curved arrows for acids and bases. I know we need to identify the nucleophile and electrophile, but are there different types of reactions? For instance, what about Grignard reagents and other types that I might not be familiar with? Can you help me with this? I want to identify the names of the mechanisms for problems 1-14, such as Gilman reagents and others. Are they all the same? Also, could you rewrite it so I can better understand? The handwriting is pretty cluttered. Additionally, I need to label the nucleophile and electrophile, but my main concern is whether those reactions differ, like the "Brønsted-Lowry acid-base mechanism, Lewis acid-base mechanism, acid-catalyzed mechanisms, acid-catalyzed reactions, base-catalyzed reactions, nucleophilic substitution mechanisms (SN1 and SN2), elimination reactions (E1 and E2), organometallic mechanisms, and so forth."

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 22, Problem 65PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Major products for the given set of reactions have to be found.

Concept Introduction:

The nitro group present in the compound is reduced to amino group by using Fe, Zn, Sn or SnCl₂ in the presence of aqueous acid followed by the treatment with base such as NaOH. This reaction is more mild approach. It can be carried out in the presence of the other functional groups. For example:

To find: Using a reduction followed by base treatment, prepare the major product of (a)

Find the reaction of the starting material of (a) with Fe, H₃O⁺

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Major products for the given set of reactions have to be found.

Concept Introduction:

Sodium cyanoborohydride is a strong reducing agent than sodium borohydride. It reduces the carbonyl group into amine group in a rapid way. So, it is called as reductive amination reactions. Aldehyde or ketone group is reacted with ammonia in the presence of sodium cyanoborohydride as a reducing agent and a proton source in the reaction medium to produce primary amines.

Aldehyde or ketone group is reacted with primary amine in the presence of sodium cyanoborohydride as a reducing agent and a proton source in the reaction medium to produce secondary amines.

Aldehyde or ketone group is reacted with secondary amine in the presence of sodium cyanoborohydride as a reducing agent and a proton source in the reaction medium to produce tertiary amines.

To find: Using a reductive amination, prepare the major product of (b)

Decide the reaction and the nature of the product

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Major products for the given set of reactions have to be found.

Concept introduction:

The reduction of lithium aluminum hydride on nitriles followed by water work-up gives amine with an additional carbon atom in their chain. This type of reaction is applied to increase the carbon skeleton and change in the identity of the functional group.

To find: The major product of the reaction (c)

Give for the formation of lithium salt by reduction

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Major products for the given set of reactions have to be found.

Concept introduction:

The reduction of lithium aluminum hydride on nitriles followed by water work-up gives amine with an additional carbon atom in their chain. This type of reaction is applied to increase the carbon skeleton and change in the identity of the functional group.

To find: The major product of the reaction (d)

Give for the formation of lithium ion by reduction

Expert Solution & Answer

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Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 3

Question

Chapter 22, Problem 65PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Major products for the given set of reactions have to be found.

Concept Introduction:

The nitro group present in the compound is reduced to amino group by using Fe, Zn, Sn or SnCl₂ in the presence of aqueous acid followed by the treatment with base such as NaOH. This reaction is more mild approach. It can be carried out in the presence of the other functional groups. For example:

To find: Using a reduction followed by base treatment, prepare the major product of (a)

Find the reaction of the starting material of (a) with Fe, H₃O⁺

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Major products for the given set of reactions have to be found.

Concept Introduction:

Sodium cyanoborohydride is a strong reducing agent than sodium borohydride. It reduces the carbonyl group into amine group in a rapid way. So, it is called as reductive amination reactions. Aldehyde or ketone group is reacted with ammonia in the presence of sodium cyanoborohydride as a reducing agent and a proton source in the reaction medium to produce primary amines.

Aldehyde or ketone group is reacted with primary amine in the presence of sodium cyanoborohydride as a reducing agent and a proton source in the reaction medium to produce secondary amines.

Aldehyde or ketone group is reacted with secondary amine in the presence of sodium cyanoborohydride as a reducing agent and a proton source in the reaction medium to produce tertiary amines.

To find: Using a reductive amination, prepare the major product of (b)

Decide the reaction and the nature of the product

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Major products for the given set of reactions have to be found.

Concept introduction:

The reduction of lithium aluminum hydride on nitriles followed by water work-up gives amine with an additional carbon atom in their chain. This type of reaction is applied to increase the carbon skeleton and change in the identity of the functional group.

To find: The major product of the reaction (c)

Give for the formation of lithium salt by reduction

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Major products for the given set of reactions have to be found.

Concept introduction:

The reduction of lithium aluminum hydride on nitriles followed by water work-up gives amine with an additional carbon atom in their chain. This type of reaction is applied to increase the carbon skeleton and change in the identity of the functional group.

To find: The major product of the reaction (d)

Give for the formation of lithium ion by reduction

Expert Solution & Answer

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Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 4

Question

Chapter 22, Problem 65PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Major products for the given set of reactions have to be found.

Concept Introduction:

The nitro group present in the compound is reduced to amino group by using Fe, Zn, Sn or SnCl₂ in the presence of aqueous acid followed by the treatment with base such as NaOH. This reaction is more mild approach. It can be carried out in the presence of the other functional groups. For example:

To find: Using a reduction followed by base treatment, prepare the major product of (a)

Find the reaction of the starting material of (a) with Fe, H₃O⁺

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Major products for the given set of reactions have to be found.

Concept Introduction:

Sodium cyanoborohydride is a strong reducing agent than sodium borohydride. It reduces the carbonyl group into amine group in a rapid way. So, it is called as reductive amination reactions. Aldehyde or ketone group is reacted with ammonia in the presence of sodium cyanoborohydride as a reducing agent and a proton source in the reaction medium to produce primary amines.

Aldehyde or ketone group is reacted with primary amine in the presence of sodium cyanoborohydride as a reducing agent and a proton source in the reaction medium to produce secondary amines.

Aldehyde or ketone group is reacted with secondary amine in the presence of sodium cyanoborohydride as a reducing agent and a proton source in the reaction medium to produce tertiary amines.

To find: Using a reductive amination, prepare the major product of (b)

Decide the reaction and the nature of the product

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Major products for the given set of reactions have to be found.

Concept introduction:

The reduction of lithium aluminum hydride on nitriles followed by water work-up gives amine with an additional carbon atom in their chain. This type of reaction is applied to increase the carbon skeleton and change in the identity of the functional group.

To find: The major product of the reaction (c)

Give for the formation of lithium salt by reduction

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Major products for the given set of reactions have to be found.

Concept introduction:

The reduction of lithium aluminum hydride on nitriles followed by water work-up gives amine with an additional carbon atom in their chain. This type of reaction is applied to increase the carbon skeleton and change in the identity of the functional group.

To find: The major product of the reaction (d)

Give for the formation of lithium ion by reduction

Expert Solution & Answer

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Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 5

Chapter 22, Problem 65PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Major products for the given set of reactions have to be found.

Concept Introduction:

The nitro group present in the compound is reduced to amino group by using Fe, Zn, Sn or SnCl₂ in the presence of aqueous acid followed by the treatment with base such as NaOH. This reaction is more mild approach. It can be carried out in the presence of the other functional groups. For example:

To find: Using a reduction followed by base treatment, prepare the major product of (a)

Find the reaction of the starting material of (a) with Fe, H₃O⁺

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Major products for the given set of reactions have to be found.

Concept Introduction:

Sodium cyanoborohydride is a strong reducing agent than sodium borohydride. It reduces the carbonyl group into amine group in a rapid way. So, it is called as reductive amination reactions. Aldehyde or ketone group is reacted with ammonia in the presence of sodium cyanoborohydride as a reducing agent and a proton source in the reaction medium to produce primary amines.

Aldehyde or ketone group is reacted with primary amine in the presence of sodium cyanoborohydride as a reducing agent and a proton source in the reaction medium to produce secondary amines.

Aldehyde or ketone group is reacted with secondary amine in the presence of sodium cyanoborohydride as a reducing agent and a proton source in the reaction medium to produce tertiary amines.

To find: Using a reductive amination, prepare the major product of (b)

Decide the reaction and the nature of the product

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Major products for the given set of reactions have to be found.

Concept introduction:

The reduction of lithium aluminum hydride on nitriles followed by water work-up gives amine with an additional carbon atom in their chain. This type of reaction is applied to increase the carbon skeleton and change in the identity of the functional group.

To find: The major product of the reaction (c)

Give for the formation of lithium salt by reduction

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Major products for the given set of reactions have to be found.

Concept introduction:

The reduction of lithium aluminum hydride on nitriles followed by water work-up gives amine with an additional carbon atom in their chain. This type of reaction is applied to increase the carbon skeleton and change in the identity of the functional group.

To find: The major product of the reaction (d)

Give for the formation of lithium ion by reduction

Answer 6

Chapter 22, Problem 65PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Major products for the given set of reactions have to be found.

Concept Introduction:

The nitro group present in the compound is reduced to amino group by using Fe, Zn, Sn or SnCl₂ in the presence of aqueous acid followed by the treatment with base such as NaOH. This reaction is more mild approach. It can be carried out in the presence of the other functional groups. For example:

To find: Using a reduction followed by base treatment, prepare the major product of (a)

Find the reaction of the starting material of (a) with Fe, H₃O⁺

Answer 7

Chapter 22, Problem 65PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Major products for the given set of reactions have to be found.

Concept Introduction:

The nitro group present in the compound is reduced to amino group by using Fe, Zn, Sn or SnCl₂ in the presence of aqueous acid followed by the treatment with base such as NaOH. This reaction is more mild approach. It can be carried out in the presence of the other functional groups. For example:

To find: Using a reduction followed by base treatment, prepare the major product of (a)

Find the reaction of the starting material of (a) with Fe, H₃O⁺

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Major products for the given set of reactions have to be found.

Concept Introduction:

Sodium cyanoborohydride is a strong reducing agent than sodium borohydride. It reduces the carbonyl group into amine group in a rapid way. So, it is called as reductive amination reactions. Aldehyde or ketone group is reacted with ammonia in the presence of sodium cyanoborohydride as a reducing agent and a proton source in the reaction medium to produce primary amines.

Aldehyde or ketone group is reacted with primary amine in the presence of sodium cyanoborohydride as a reducing agent and a proton source in the reaction medium to produce secondary amines.

Aldehyde or ketone group is reacted with secondary amine in the presence of sodium cyanoborohydride as a reducing agent and a proton source in the reaction medium to produce tertiary amines.

To find: Using a reductive amination, prepare the major product of (b)

Decide the reaction and the nature of the product

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Major products for the given set of reactions have to be found.

Concept Introduction:

Sodium cyanoborohydride is a strong reducing agent than sodium borohydride. It reduces the carbonyl group into amine group in a rapid way. So, it is called as reductive amination reactions. Aldehyde or ketone group is reacted with ammonia in the presence of sodium cyanoborohydride as a reducing agent and a proton source in the reaction medium to produce primary amines.

Aldehyde or ketone group is reacted with primary amine in the presence of sodium cyanoborohydride as a reducing agent and a proton source in the reaction medium to produce secondary amines.

Aldehyde or ketone group is reacted with secondary amine in the presence of sodium cyanoborohydride as a reducing agent and a proton source in the reaction medium to produce tertiary amines.

To find: Using a reductive amination, prepare the major product of (b)

Decide the reaction and the nature of the product

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Major products for the given set of reactions have to be found.

Concept introduction:

The reduction of lithium aluminum hydride on nitriles followed by water work-up gives amine with an additional carbon atom in their chain. This type of reaction is applied to increase the carbon skeleton and change in the identity of the functional group.

To find: The major product of the reaction (c)

Give for the formation of lithium salt by reduction

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Major products for the given set of reactions have to be found.

Concept introduction:

The reduction of lithium aluminum hydride on nitriles followed by water work-up gives amine with an additional carbon atom in their chain. This type of reaction is applied to increase the carbon skeleton and change in the identity of the functional group.

To find: The major product of the reaction (c)

Give for the formation of lithium salt by reduction

Answer 12

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Major products for the given set of reactions have to be found.

Concept introduction:

The reduction of lithium aluminum hydride on nitriles followed by water work-up gives amine with an additional carbon atom in their chain. This type of reaction is applied to increase the carbon skeleton and change in the identity of the functional group.

To find: The major product of the reaction (d)

Give for the formation of lithium ion by reduction

Answer 13

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Major products for the given set of reactions have to be found.

Concept introduction:

The reduction of lithium aluminum hydride on nitriles followed by water work-up gives amine with an additional carbon atom in their chain. This type of reaction is applied to increase the carbon skeleton and change in the identity of the functional group.

To find: The major product of the reaction (d)

Give for the formation of lithium ion by reduction

Answer 14

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Answer 15

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 16

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Answer 17

Ch. 22.2 - Prob. 1LTS Ch. 22.2 - Prob. 1PTS Ch. 22.2 - Prob. 2PTS Ch. 22.2 - Prob. 3ATS Ch. 22.3 - Prob. 4CC Ch. 22.3 - Prob. 5CC Ch. 22.3 - Prob. 6CC Ch. 22.3 - Prob. 7CC Ch. 22.3 - Prob. 8CC Ch. 22.3 - Prob. 9CC

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Chapter 22 Solutions