Chapter 22, Problem 22.71SP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The chemical equation for the reaction between calcium and ${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}$ is to be written.

Concept introduction:

The alkaline earth metals react with water giving metal hydroxide, with the exception of beryllium. Beryllium does not react with water. Magnesium reacts with water at high temperatures. But calcium and strontium can react with water slowly at room temperature. This reaction produces metal hydroxide along with bubbles of hydrogen gas.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The chemical equation for the reaction between calcium and $\text{He}$ is to be written.

Concept introduction:

Helium is an inert gas that we name as a noble gas because it has a complete electron configuration. There is one $s$ orbital in Helium atom and it has two electrons. Since one $s$ orbital can hold a maximum of two electrons, the electron configuration of the Helium atom is completed. Therefore, it shows no reactivity because it is already stable (atoms become reactive in order to become stable).

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The chemical equation for the reaction between calcium and ${\text{Br}}_{\text{2}}$ is to be written.

Concept introduction:

Alkaline earth metals tend to react with halogens forming ionic halide salts.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The chemical equation for the reaction between calcium and ${\text{O}}_{\text{2}}$ is to be written.

Concept introduction:

Alkaline metals react with oxygen to form metal oxide. It has the general formula $\text{MO}$ whereM is beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium or barium.