Chapter 21, Problem 4E

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The bond angle around a carbon atom and the geometry of a carbon atom when it forms two single bonds and one double bond has to be described.

Concept introduction:

Bond angle is the angle between two bonded pairs or two bonds in a molecule. The molecular geometry represents a three-dimensional arrangement of atoms present in the molecule. Atomic orbitals mixed to form a new hybrid orbital of equal energy. The geometry and bond angle of carbon compounds is determined from the hybridization of the carbon atom. The table to identify the bond angle and geometry of the molecule from hybridization is as follows:

$\begin{array}{ccc}\text{Hybridization}& \text{Bond angle}& \text{Geometry}\\ s{p}^3& 109.5°& \text{Tetrahedral}\\ s{p}^2& 120°& \text{Trigonal planar}\\ sp& 180°& \text{Linear}\end{array}$