A brief description of the relationship between alkane , cycloalkane, and homologous series is to be determined. Concept introduction: The carbon atom shows the catenation property. Hence, it can link to other carbon atoms forming large molecules. The carbon atom can form bonds with other atoms like hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, etc. The compounds that contain only carbon and hydrogen atoms are called hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated and unsaturated. In saturated hydrocarbons, the carbon atom is linked to another carbon atom by a single bond and in unsaturated hydrocarbons ; carbon atom is linked to another carbon atom by multiple bonds. A carbon atom can be linked to other carbon atoms in a linear, branched or cyclic manner. A homologous series is formed by the addition of a − CH 2 − unit to the proceeding molecule.

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Definition Definition Molecules that have multiple bonds between their carbon atoms. Alkenes are hydrocarbons with a double bond between two adjacent carbon atoms (R 2 C=CR 2 ), whereas alkynes are hydrocarbons with a triple bond between two adjacent carbon atoms R-C=C-R . These two groups are known as unsaturated hydrocarbons. They have fewer hydrogen atoms when compared with alkanes with same number of carbon atoms. The general molecular formula for an unsaturated hydrocarbon can be represented as C n H 2n +2 .

Chapter 21, Problem 2CLE

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A brief description of the relationship between alkane, cycloalkane, and homologous series is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The carbon atom shows the catenation property. Hence, it can link to other carbon atoms forming large molecules. The carbon atom can form bonds with other atoms like hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, etc. The compounds that contain only carbon and hydrogen atoms are called hydrocarbons.

Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated and unsaturated. In saturated hydrocarbons, the carbon atom is linked to another carbon atom by a single bond and in unsaturated hydrocarbons; carbon atom is linked to another carbon atom by multiple bonds. A carbon atom can be linked to other carbon atoms in a linear, branched or cyclic manner.

A homologous series is formed by the addition of a −CH2− unit to the proceeding molecule.

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The table includes macrostates characterized by 4 energy levels (&) that are equally spaced but with different degrees of occupation. a) Calculate the energy of all the macrostates (in joules). See if they all have the same energy and number of particles. b) Calculate the macrostate that is most likely to exist. For this macrostate, show that the population of the levels is consistent with the Boltzmann distribution. macrostate 1 macrostate 2 macrostate 3 ε/k (K) Populations Populations Populations 300 5 3 4 200 7 9 8 100 15 17 16 0 33 31 32 DATO: k = 1,38×10-23 J K-1

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In an experiment, the viscosity of water was measured at different temperatures and the table was constructed from the data obtained. a) Calculate the activation energy of viscous flow (kJ/mol). b) Calculate the viscosity at 30°C. T/°C 0 20 40 60 80 η/cpoise 1,972 1,005 0,656 0,469 0,356

Answer 2

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Definition Definition Molecules that have multiple bonds between their carbon atoms. Alkenes are hydrocarbons with a double bond between two adjacent carbon atoms (R 2 C=CR 2 ), whereas alkynes are hydrocarbons with a triple bond between two adjacent carbon atoms R-C=C-R . These two groups are known as unsaturated hydrocarbons. They have fewer hydrogen atoms when compared with alkanes with same number of carbon atoms. The general molecular formula for an unsaturated hydrocarbon can be represented as C n H 2n +2 .

Chapter 21, Problem 2CLE

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A brief description of the relationship between alkane, cycloalkane, and homologous series is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The carbon atom shows the catenation property. Hence, it can link to other carbon atoms forming large molecules. The carbon atom can form bonds with other atoms like hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, etc. The compounds that contain only carbon and hydrogen atoms are called hydrocarbons.

Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated and unsaturated. In saturated hydrocarbons, the carbon atom is linked to another carbon atom by a single bond and in unsaturated hydrocarbons; carbon atom is linked to another carbon atom by multiple bonds. A carbon atom can be linked to other carbon atoms in a linear, branched or cyclic manner.

A homologous series is formed by the addition of a −CH2− unit to the proceeding molecule.

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Answer 3

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Definition Definition Molecules that have multiple bonds between their carbon atoms. Alkenes are hydrocarbons with a double bond between two adjacent carbon atoms (R 2 C=CR 2 ), whereas alkynes are hydrocarbons with a triple bond between two adjacent carbon atoms R-C=C-R . These two groups are known as unsaturated hydrocarbons. They have fewer hydrogen atoms when compared with alkanes with same number of carbon atoms. The general molecular formula for an unsaturated hydrocarbon can be represented as C n H 2n +2 .

Chapter 21, Problem 2CLE

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A brief description of the relationship between alkane, cycloalkane, and homologous series is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The carbon atom shows the catenation property. Hence, it can link to other carbon atoms forming large molecules. The carbon atom can form bonds with other atoms like hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, etc. The compounds that contain only carbon and hydrogen atoms are called hydrocarbons.

Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated and unsaturated. In saturated hydrocarbons, the carbon atom is linked to another carbon atom by a single bond and in unsaturated hydrocarbons; carbon atom is linked to another carbon atom by multiple bonds. A carbon atom can be linked to other carbon atoms in a linear, branched or cyclic manner.

A homologous series is formed by the addition of a −CH2− unit to the proceeding molecule.

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Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Molecules that have multiple bonds between their carbon atoms. Alkenes are hydrocarbons with a double bond between two adjacent carbon atoms (R 2 C=CR 2 ), whereas alkynes are hydrocarbons with a triple bond between two adjacent carbon atoms R-C=C-R . These two groups are known as unsaturated hydrocarbons. They have fewer hydrogen atoms when compared with alkanes with same number of carbon atoms. The general molecular formula for an unsaturated hydrocarbon can be represented as C n H 2n +2 .

Chapter 21, Problem 2CLE

Interpretation Introduction