Chapter 21, Problem 39E

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The functional groups present in the given compound mimosine needs to be determined.

  

Concept Introduction : Organic molecules have some structural features in addition to $\text{C}-\text{H}$ and $\text{C}-\text{C}$ bonds. Functional groups are defined as an atom or group of atom with characteristic physical and chemical properties. Functional group contains multiple bonds, hetero-atom or sometimes both the multiple bonds and hetero-atom.

Table given below gives information about some common functional groups:

Type of Compound	General Structure
Aldehyde
Ketone
Carboxylic acid
Ester
Amine
Alcohol

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The hybridization of each carbon atom of the given compound mimosine needs to be determined.

  

Concept Introduction : Hybridization in chemistry is the mixing of atomic orbitals of the same atom having different energies so that the redistribution of energy takes place and results in the formation of new orbitals of same energy.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The number of sigma and pi bonds present in the mimosine compound needs to be determined.

  

Concept Introduction : Sigma (s) and pi (p) bonds are covalent bonds formed by the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. Sigma (s) bonds are formed from the head to head overlapping of the atomic orbitals while pi (p) bonds are formed from the lateral or sidewise overlapping of the atomic orbitals.