Human Anatomy & Physiology
Human Anatomy & Physiology
1st Edition
ISBN: 9780805382952
Author: Erin C. Amerman
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 21, Problem 2CYR
Summary Introduction

To review:

The blank space in the statement “Air enters the lungs through hollow passages collectively known as the ______, which terminate in grapelike clusters called _______. The lungs are encased in the ______ membranes.”

Introduction:

The respiratory system of the human body primarily functions to aid gaseous exchange. It comprises manyorgans that assist in the process, eventually culminating by the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between atmosphere and lungs. Respiratory system begins by inhaling oxygen through the nose, which then passes through the respiratory system and ends with exhaling out carbon dioxide.

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Part A: Below is the step-by-step path of air through the respiratory system, but the steps are not in correct sequence. Put them in order, numbering them from 1 to 8. ______ Air enters the alveoli. ______ Carbon dioxide passes out of the bloodstream, and is eventually exhaled. ______ Cilia and mucus trap tiny particles found in the air, and warm and moisten the air. ______ Air moves through smaller and smaller passageways called bronchi. ______ The trachea, or windpipe, then carries the air to the lungs. ______ Air enters the nose. ______ Oxygen passes into the bloodstream. ______ Air moves down the throat, or pharynx.
A small ridge of cartilage at the most inferior portion of the "windpipe" called the __________ now directs some air towards the left lung and some towards the right lung.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              The air will now travel through a series of tubes that become smaller and smaller as they repeatedly branch; these tubes, very similar in structure to the "windpipe", are called __________.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Even tinier tubes continue branching; these tubes contain…
Smoking damages two parts of the respiratory system: the airways known as the [1] and small air sacs called the [2]. [3] in your airway helps capture debris (dust, smoke, pathogens) in the air you breathe, then structures called [4] sweep the [5] and debris out of your lungs. Cigarette smoke irritates the lining of your airway, causing it to [6]; this makes the diameter of your airway [7] and slows the movement of air. Smoke also slows the movement of [8]. Is a "smoker's cough" due to damage of alveoli or bronchial tubes? [9] Is a long-term smoker's difficulty breathing due to damage of alveoli or bronchial tubes? [10] [11] is a lung disease caused by damage to the alveoli.

Chapter 21 Solutions

Human Anatomy & Physiology

Ch. 21.2 - How does the epithelium of the bronchial tree...Ch. 21.2 - Trace the pathway from the primary bronchi to the...Ch. 21.2 - 7. What structures make up the respiratory...Ch. 21.2 - Explain the structure of the pleural cavities.Ch. 21.3 - 3. What drives the movement of gases during...Ch. 21.3 - What does the intrapleural pressure prevent under...Ch. 21.3 - 5. How are inspiration and expiration achieved? Ch. 21.3 - 6. What is airway resistance? What is the main...Ch. 21.3 - How does surfactant decrease surface tension?Ch. 21.3 - What drives the movement of gases?Ch. 21.3 - Prob. 7QCCh. 21.3 - Prob. 8QCCh. 21.4 - 1. How does the pressure gradient between two gas...Ch. 21.4 - Prob. 2QCCh. 21.4 - 3. What takes place during pulmonary gas...Ch. 21.4 - Prob. 4QCCh. 21.4 - Prob. 5QCCh. 21.4 - What are three factors that influence the...Ch. 21.5 - How is the majority of oxygen transported through...Ch. 21.5 - How do temperature, pH, PCO2, and BPG affect Hbs...Ch. 21.5 - 3. Why is the S shape of the oxygen-hemoglobin...Ch. 21.5 - What are the three ways in which the body...Ch. 21.5 - Prob. 5QCCh. 21.5 - Prob. 6QCCh. 21.6 - 1. Which steps of respiration rely on partial...Ch. 21.7 - 1. Which collection of neurons generates the...Ch. 21.7 - What are the functions of the dorsal and ventral...Ch. 21.7 - 3. Where are the central chemoreceptors located?...Ch. 21.7 - What do the central chemoreceptors trigger if...Ch. 21.7 - Prob. 5QCCh. 21.8 - 1. What are the differences between obstructive...Ch. 21.8 - 2. What are the three subtypes of COPD? What is...Ch. 21.8 - Prob. 3QCCh. 21 - Which of the following are functions of the...Ch. 21 - Prob. 2CYRCh. 21 - 3. Mark the following statements as true or false....Ch. 21 - Prob. 4CYRCh. 21 - 5. Fill in the blanks: The structures that vibrate...Ch. 21 - Prob. 6CYRCh. 21 - Prob. 7CYRCh. 21 - Prob. 8CYRCh. 21 - Match each term with the correct definition....Ch. 21 - Prob. 10CYRCh. 21 - Which of the following does not affect the...Ch. 21 - Prob. 12CYRCh. 21 - Fill in the blanks: When the alveolar PO2...Ch. 21 - Prob. 14CYRCh. 21 - Match the following terms with the correct...Ch. 21 - 16. Fill in the blanks: Hyperventilation causes...Ch. 21 - The basic rhythm for breathing is maintained by...Ch. 21 - Prob. 18CYRCh. 21 - Prob. 19CYRCh. 21 - Prob. 20CYRCh. 21 - Prob. 1CYUCh. 21 - Prob. 2CYUCh. 21 - Prob. 3CYUCh. 21 - Prob. 4CYUCh. 21 - 1. When a person hyperventilates, what happens to...Ch. 21 - Prob. 2AYKACh. 21 - Prob. 3AYKACh. 21 - Prob. 4AYKACh. 21 - 5. Mrs. Jordan is brought to the emergency room by...Ch. 21 - What happens to the metabolic rate of skeletal...
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