Human Anatomy & Physiology
1st Edition
ISBN: 9780805382952
Author: Erin C. Amerman
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 21, Problem 1AYKA
When a person hyperventilates, what happens to his or her blood pH? A person who is hyperventilating is often told to breathe into a paper bag. Why might this help to correct the pH imbalance?
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When a person hyperventilates, what happens to his or her blood pH? A person who is hyperventilating is often told to breathe into a paper bag. Why might this help to correct the pH imbalance?
The carbonic acid equilibrium is shown below. Exhalation of CO2 by the lungs causes this equilibrium to shift to the ______, which causes the pH of the blood to _______.
H+ + HCO3- <=> H2CO3 <=> H2O + CO2
a) left; increase
b) left; decrease
c) right; decrease
d) right; increase
Which of the following statements regarding the role of the respiratory system in the acid-base status of the body is NOT TRUE?
A. Non-volatile acids are excreted by ventilation
B. Volatile acids are excreted by ventilation.
OC. Hyperventilation can result in a respiratory alkalosis.
D. Hypoventilation can result in a respiratory acidosis
OE. Ventilation adjusts the PCO2-bicarbonate buffer system.
Chapter 21 Solutions
Human Anatomy & Physiology
Ch. 21.1 - What are the main structures of the respiratory...Ch. 21.1 - 2. Is the larynx part of the upper or lower...Ch. 21.1 - Where are alveoli? What is their basic function?Ch. 21.1 - 4. List and define the four processes that make...Ch. 21.1 - 5. How does the respiratory system contribute to...Ch. 21.1 - List and describe four functions of the...Ch. 21.2 - Match the following terms with the correct...Ch. 21.2 - 2. Describe the external and internal structure...Ch. 21.2 - What happens to the glottis and the pitch of the...Ch. 21.2 - 4. What is the function of the tracheal mucosa?
Ch. 21.2 - How does the epithelium of the bronchial tree...Ch. 21.2 - Trace the pathway from the primary bronchi to the...Ch. 21.2 - 7. What structures make up the respiratory...Ch. 21.2 - Explain the structure of the pleural cavities.Ch. 21.3 - 3. What drives the movement of gases during...Ch. 21.3 - What does the intrapleural pressure prevent under...Ch. 21.3 - 5. How are inspiration and expiration achieved?
Ch. 21.3 - 6. What is airway resistance? What is the main...Ch. 21.3 - How does surfactant decrease surface tension?Ch. 21.3 - What drives the movement of gases?Ch. 21.3 - Prob. 7QCCh. 21.3 - Prob. 8QCCh. 21.4 - 1. How does the pressure gradient between two gas...Ch. 21.4 - Prob. 2QCCh. 21.4 - 3. What takes place during pulmonary gas...Ch. 21.4 - Prob. 4QCCh. 21.4 - Prob. 5QCCh. 21.4 - What are three factors that influence the...Ch. 21.5 - How is the majority of oxygen transported through...Ch. 21.5 - How do temperature, pH, PCO2, and BPG affect Hbs...Ch. 21.5 - 3. Why is the S shape of the oxygen-hemoglobin...Ch. 21.5 - What are the three ways in which the body...Ch. 21.5 - Prob. 5QCCh. 21.5 - Prob. 6QCCh. 21.6 - 1. Which steps of respiration rely on partial...Ch. 21.7 - 1. Which collection of neurons generates the...Ch. 21.7 - What are the functions of the dorsal and ventral...Ch. 21.7 - 3. Where are the central chemoreceptors located?...Ch. 21.7 - What do the central chemoreceptors trigger if...Ch. 21.7 - Prob. 5QCCh. 21.8 - 1. What are the differences between obstructive...Ch. 21.8 - 2. What are the three subtypes of COPD? What is...Ch. 21.8 - Prob. 3QCCh. 21 - Which of the following are functions of the...Ch. 21 - Prob. 2CYRCh. 21 - 3. Mark the following statements as true or false....Ch. 21 - Prob. 4CYRCh. 21 - 5. Fill in the blanks: The structures that vibrate...Ch. 21 - Prob. 6CYRCh. 21 - Prob. 7CYRCh. 21 - Prob. 8CYRCh. 21 - Match each term with the correct definition....Ch. 21 - Prob. 10CYRCh. 21 - Which of the following does not affect the...Ch. 21 - Prob. 12CYRCh. 21 - Fill in the blanks: When the alveolar PO2...Ch. 21 - Prob. 14CYRCh. 21 - Match the following terms with the correct...Ch. 21 - 16. Fill in the blanks: Hyperventilation causes...Ch. 21 - The basic rhythm for breathing is maintained by...Ch. 21 - Prob. 18CYRCh. 21 - Prob. 19CYRCh. 21 - Prob. 20CYRCh. 21 - Prob. 1CYUCh. 21 - Prob. 2CYUCh. 21 - Prob. 3CYUCh. 21 - Prob. 4CYUCh. 21 - 1. When a person hyperventilates, what happens to...Ch. 21 - Prob. 2AYKACh. 21 - Prob. 3AYKACh. 21 - Prob. 4AYKACh. 21 - 5. Mrs. Jordan is brought to the emergency room by...Ch. 21 - What happens to the metabolic rate of skeletal...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Explain what a partial pressure gradient is and how such gradients figure in gas exchange.arrow_forwardFigure 39.20 The kidneys are responsible for removing excess H+ ions from the blood. If the kidneys fail, what would happen to blood pH and to hemoglobin affinity for oxygen?arrow_forwardWhen compared to a blood sample from a normally breathing person, a person with pulmonary disease resulting in reduced alveolar ventilation would show: Select one: Oa. elevated plasma pCO2, increased plasma HCO3 and lower pH O b decreased plasma pCO2, decreased plasma HCO3 and lower pH Oc. elevated plasma pCO2, increased plasma HCO3 and higher pH Od. elevated plasma pCO2, decreased plasma HCO3 and lower pH elevated plasma pCO2, decreased plasma HCO3 and higher pHarrow_forward
- Mr. Smith breathes 1 liter of air per minute at 22 degrees Celsius; Mr. Jones breaths 1 liter of air per minute at BT. Who is experiencing the greater fluid loss? Assume all other things are the same for two of the people.arrow_forwardIndividuals with cystic fibrosis produce thick mucus in the lungs, resulting in a higher-than-normal level of CO2 in the blood. What is the problem that results from higher-than-normal levels of COz in the blood? Please relate this to buffers in the blood and construct a clear problem statement.arrow_forwardUnder stressful conditions, some people hyperventilate. What effect doesthe rapid rate of ventilation have on blood pH? Explain why breathing intoa paper bag helps a hyperventilating person.arrow_forward
- In a person who suffers acidosis, the way to counteract the condition is by: Drink a large amont of water Slow Breathing Inhale a greater amount of CO2 than normal Stop breathing Fast and deep breathingarrow_forwardAn injured soccer player arrives by ambulance in the emergency room. She is in obvious distress, breathing rapidly. Her blood PCO2 is 26 mm Hg and pH is 7.5. Is she suffering from hyperventilation or hyperpnea? Explain.arrow_forwardA patient is hyperventilating. The "blowing off" of excessive carbon dioxide causes a decrease in blood H+ concentration. How can the carbonic acid buffering system function to correct this imbalance? CO2 + H2O → H2CO3 → H* + HCO3 O H2CO3 dissociates to form more H+ and raise pH. O HCO3- binds with H+ to form H2CO3 and raise pH. O H2CO3 dissociates to form more H+ and lower pH. O HCO3- binds with H+ to form H2CO3 and lower pH. O none of the abovearrow_forward
- Carbonic anhydrase converts: 00 CO2 + H20 to Bicarbonate and H+ Bicarbonate and H+ to CO2 + H20 carbon dioxide to H20 bicarbonate to hydrogen ion Both A and Barrow_forwardCreate a labeled diagram explaining how CO2 moves from cells of the working tissue as HCO3 - in the blood (do not include other ways CO2 moves through the blood). Be sure to include the carbonic anhydrase inside red blood cells and the HCO3 - /Cl- exchanger in your diagram. Write an explanation for your diagram.arrow_forwardExhaled air is ordinarily at body temperature and 100% humidity (i.e., it is fully saturated with water). Estimate the mass of H2O that is lost each day because of normal breathing. The saturation vapor pressure (SVP) of water at 37℃ is 47 mmHg and contains 44 mg/L of water, whereas at room temperature (20℃) it is 20 mmHg and contains only 18 mg/L.arrow_forward
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