Chapter 21, Problem 21.138MP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The half-life of the reaction in hours is to be determined where the order of reaction is first and the rate of constant is $3.2\times {10}^{-5}{s}^{-1}$ at $25°C$.

Concept introduction:

The following formula will be used −

${\text{t}}_{\text{1/2}}\text{=}\frac{\text{0}\text{.693}}{k}$

Here, k is rate constant.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The molarity after the 16.5 h of reaction time is to be determined, when the initial concentration of the trans- ${{\text{[Co(en)}}_{\text{2}}{\text{Cl}}_{\text{2}}]}^{+}$ is 0.138M.

Concept introduction:

The following formula will be used −

$\ln \frac{{[A]}_t}{{[A]}_0}=-k.t$

Here, ${[A]}_t$ is concentration of A at time t, ${[A]}_0$ is initial concentration of A, k is rate constant and t is time.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The possible reaction mechanism with unimolecular rate determining step is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The reaction mechanism can be defined as the step by step sequence of any elementary reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

Whether the reaction product is chiral or achiral needs to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The diastereomers are known as the achiral molecules which have non−mirror image and non-identical stereoisomer. While an enantiomer are known as chiral molecules which consist plane of symmetry and having mirror image and identical stereoisomer.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The crystal field energy diagram of the trans- ${[Co{(en)}_{2}C{l}_2]}^{+}$ is to be drawn by considering that the $C{l}^{-}$ is weaker field ligand in comparison of the ethylenediamine.

Concept introduction:

There can be different versions of a different element in the nature these versions are called isotopes.