Chapter 21, Problem 21.20A

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The orbital diagram of the free metal ion and its identity is to be discussed. The metal ion that uses hybrid orbital and the number of unpaired electrons in the complex is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The geometry and magnetic properties of the coordination complex can be determined by the valence bond theory.

The hybrid orbitals can be described as the atomic orbitals of the metal that are hybridized to give an equal number of the new orbitals. The hybridized orbital will undergo overlapping with ligands orbitals for bonding.

The complexes that have unpaired electrons are paramagnetic complexes while the complex that has no unpaired electrons are diamagnetic complex.

The inner orbital complex or low spin can be defined as the complex that uses inner orbital in the hybridization while the outer orbital complex or high spin can be defined as the complex that uses outer orbital in the hybridization.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The orbital diagram of the metal ion and the hybrid orbitals and number of unpaired electrons in the complex is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The geometry and magnetic properties of the coordination complex can be determined by the valence bond theory.

The hybrid orbitals can be described as the atomic orbitals of the metal that are hybridized to give an equal number of the new orbitals. The hybridized orbital will undergo overlapping with ligands orbitals for bonding.

The complexes that have unpaired electrons are paramagnetic complexes while the complex that has no unpaired electrons are diamagnetic complex.

The inner orbital complex or low spin can be defined as the complex that uses inner orbital in the hybridization while the outer orbital complex or high spin can be defined as the complex that uses outer orbital in the hybridization.