Concept explainers
(1)
To determine:
The aspect of the infection that caused Leslie to suffer anaemia, jaundice and fatigue, the reason why penicillin does not work for treating babesiosis and the number of legs in adult vector of babesiosis.
Case summary:
Leslie hated being sick and it all started with headache, muscle pains and sore joints on a fine day. Six weeks ago, a small deer tick (Ixodes scapularis) had taken a blood meal from Leslie’s leg. Leslie was unaware of the attack since the tick was so small and the bite was painless. She was also not aware that the tick had infected her with an apicomplexan
(2)
To determine:
The reason why penicillin does not work for treating babesiosis.
Case summary:
Leslie hated being sick and it all started with headache, muscle pains and sore joints on a fine day. Six weeks ago, a small deer tick (Ixodes scapularis) had taken a blood meal from Leslie’s leg. Leslie was unaware of the attack since the tick was so small and the bite was painless. She was also not aware that the tick had infected her with an apicomplexan parasite, Babesia microti, normally found in mice. Leslie became anaemic, jaundiced, fatigued and depressed and she was losing weight. As she became weaker, she had trouble catching her breath, and within a week, her kidneys began to fail followed by intermittent fever, shaking chills, drenching sweat, nausea and anorexia. However, with intensive medical care and use of antimicrobials such as atovaquone, azithromycin, clindamycin, and quinine, she felt better. The number of reported cases of babesiosis has quadrupled in the past decade, mainly because its tick vector that has an expanded range resulting from climate change.
(3)
To determine:
The number of legs in the adult vector of babesiosis.
Case summary:
Leslie hated being sick and it all started with headache, muscle pains and sore joints on a fine day. Six weeks ago, a small deer tick (Ixodes scapularis) had taken a blood meal from Leslie’s leg. Leslie was unaware of the attack since the tick was so small and the bite was painless. She was also not aware that the tick had infected her with an apicomplexan parasite, Babesia microti, normally found in mice. Leslie became anaemic, jaundiced, fatigued and depressed and she was losing weight. As she became weaker, she had trouble catching her breath, and within a week, her kidneys began to fail followed by intermittent fever, shaking chills, drenching sweat, nausea and anorexia. However, with intensive medical care and use of antimicrobials such as atovaquone, azithromycin, clindamycin, and quinine, she felt better. The number of reported cases of babesiosis has quadrupled in the past decade, mainly because its tick vector that has an expanded range resulting from climate change.

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Chapter 21 Solutions
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