Microbiology with Diseases by Body System (5th Edition)
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780134477206
Author: Robert W. Bauman Ph.D.
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Question
Chapter 20, Problem 8SA
Summary Introduction
To answer:
How tetanus kill neuromuscular junction, acetylcholine, inhibitory neurotransmitters, and tetanospasmin.
Introduction:
Tetanus, also called lockjaw, is a serious infection caused by Clostridium tetani. This bacterium produces a toxin that affects the brain and nervous system, leading to stiffness in the muscles. If Clostridium tetani spores are deposited in a wound, the neurotoxin interferes with nerves that control muscle movement.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
Compare and contrast the functions, anatomy and characteristics of skeletal vs smooth muscle.
Characterize the microscopic anatomical structure of skeletal muscle.
Describe the organization of the sarcomere.
Characterize the actions of motor neurons at the neuromuscular junction.
Explain the process by which skeletal muscle contraction occurs.
Describe the composition of and the function of cerebrospinal fluid and the blood-brain barrier.
Explain the major role of the lobes, areas and regions of the brain.
Contrast the effects of the various cranial nerves.
Please answer all not graded
Describe neurotransmitters and receptors of the autonomic nervous system. Describe one of the receptors, its location(s), and the physiologic effects of its stimulation. Also, describe a pharmacologic agent that targets this receptor and the disease it is used in treating.
Present the comparison of neuromuscular blocking drugs and local anesthetics. What is a rationale to use them for pain control? How they affect impulse conduction and muscle contraction?
Chapter 20 Solutions
Microbiology with Diseases by Body System (5th Edition)
Ch. 20 - Prob. 1TMWCh. 20 - Prob. 1EDCSCh. 20 - Prob. 1CCSCh. 20 - Prob. 2TMWCh. 20 - Prob. 2CCSCh. 20 - Prob. 2EDCSCh. 20 - Prob. 3TMWCh. 20 - Prob. 4TMWCh. 20 - Prob. 3CCSCh. 20 - Prob. 5TMW
Ch. 20 - A Protozoan Mystery A 20-year-old student was...Ch. 20 - Prob. 6TMWCh. 20 - Prob. 7TMWCh. 20 - A Very Sick Sophomore In December, a 19-year-old...Ch. 20 - Cerebrospinal fluid is _____. a. formed deep...Ch. 20 - The layer of the meninges lying closest to the...Ch. 20 - Prob. 3MCCh. 20 - Prob. 4MCCh. 20 - Prob. 5MCCh. 20 - Prob. 6MCCh. 20 - Prob. 7MCCh. 20 - Prob. 8MCCh. 20 - Prob. 9MCCh. 20 - Prob. 10MCCh. 20 - Which of the following diseases is caused most...Ch. 20 - Prob. 12MCCh. 20 - Prob. 13MCCh. 20 - Prob. 14MCCh. 20 - Prob. 15MCCh. 20 - Prob. 1FIBCh. 20 - Prob. 2FIBCh. 20 - Prob. 3FIBCh. 20 - Prob. 4FIBCh. 20 - Prob. 5FIBCh. 20 - Prob. 6FIBCh. 20 - Prob. 7FIBCh. 20 - Prob. 8FIBCh. 20 - Prob. 9FIBCh. 20 - Prob. 10FIBCh. 20 - Prob. 11FIBCh. 20 - Prob. 12FIBCh. 20 - Prob. 13FIBCh. 20 - A sexually transmitted bacterium, ________, causes...Ch. 20 - Prob. 15FIBCh. 20 - Prob. 1VICh. 20 - Indicate on the drawing where a lumbar puncture...Ch. 20 - Distinguish among the following infections:...Ch. 20 - Prob. 2SACh. 20 - Prob. 3SACh. 20 - Prob. 4SACh. 20 - Prob. 5SACh. 20 - Prob. 6SACh. 20 - Prob. 7SACh. 20 - Prob. 8SACh. 20 - Prob. 9SACh. 20 - Prob. 1CTCh. 20 - Prob. 2CTCh. 20 - Prob. 3CTCh. 20 - Prob. 4CTCh. 20 - Prob. 5CTCh. 20 - How are the actions of botulism and tetanus toxins...Ch. 20 - Prob. 7CTCh. 20 - Prob. 8CTCh. 20 - Why does the fact that M. leprae grows best at 30C...Ch. 20 - Prob. 10CTCh. 20 - Prob. 1CM
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- A patient has been exposed to the organophosphate pesticide malathion,which inactivates acetylcholinesterase. Which of the following symptoms would you predict: blurring of vision, excess tear formation, frequent or involuntary urination, pallor (pale skin), muscle twitching, orcramps? Would atropine be an effective drug to treat the symptoms?(See Clinical Impact 16.2 for the action of atropine.) Explain.arrow_forwardA nerve conduction velocity test measures nerve conduction velocity. In this test, an electrical stimulus is applied to a peripheral nerve and the length of time it takes for the corresponding muscle to contract is measured. Because the length of the nerve from stimulus point to muscle and the time it takes for the muscle to contract are both known, NCV can be calculated. This test result is helpful in distinguishing between different types of pathologies. For example, a patient with muscle weakness is being tested by a physician. There are three possible sources of the weakness: Disease of the muscle itself such as muscular dystrophy. In this condition, normal muscle tissue is replaced by adipose tissue and the muscle becomes incapable of contraction. Disease at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) such as myasthenia gravis. This condition is described in the Skeletal Muscle Histology exercise and results from damage to the acetylcholine receptors on the muscle end plate. Disease…arrow_forwardDescribe the neurotransmitters shown in Section 11.14 in the selected neurotransmitters table. Give examples of how they might occur in the body.arrow_forward
- Why are direct acting cholinomimetics NOT used in the management of myasthenia gravis?arrow_forwardOutline the pathogenesis of Myasthenia gravis and the consequential effects from the disruption at the neuromuscular junction. Is Myasthenia gravis considered an upper or lower motor neuron disorder?arrow_forwardIdentify the specific drugs within each of the following categories of central nervous system depressant drugs: benzodiazepines, nonbenzodiazepines, muscle relaxants, and miscellaneous drugarrow_forward
- Give Presynaptic factors?arrow_forwardList the major effects of activation of the sympathetic nervous system during stress.arrow_forwardWhich of the following can be considered as a clinical use of nicotinic antagonists? Used clinically in surgical operation causing skeletal muscles relaxation Used clinically in surgical operation causing smooth muscles relaxation All the answers are correct Used clinically in surgical operation causing cardiac muscle relaxationarrow_forward
- Some drugs /medication are known to act as neurotransmitters. Try to name at least two of these compounds and identify what response each imitates in some other neurotransmitter. Similar Neurotransmitter Drugs/Compound Effect on Neurons/Body's Response 4. 5.arrow_forwarddiscuss the mechanism of pyridostigmine in treating myasthenia gravisarrow_forwardAcetylcholine imbalance may lead to, EXCEPT: poor focus dementia learning disability poor cognitionarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Essentials of Pharmacology for Health ProfessionsNursingISBN:9781305441620Author:WOODROWPublisher:CengageMedical Terminology for Health Professions, Spira...Health & NutritionISBN:9781305634350Author:Ann Ehrlich, Carol L. Schroeder, Laura Ehrlich, Katrina A. SchroederPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap ...BiologyISBN:9781285866932Author:Lauralee SherwoodPublisher:Cengage Learning
Essentials of Pharmacology for Health Professions
Nursing
ISBN:9781305441620
Author:WOODROW
Publisher:Cengage
Medical Terminology for Health Professions, Spira...
Health & Nutrition
ISBN:9781305634350
Author:Ann Ehrlich, Carol L. Schroeder, Laura Ehrlich, Katrina A. Schroeder
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap ...
Biology
ISBN:9781285866932
Author:Lauralee Sherwood
Publisher:Cengage Learning