Chapter 20, Problem 63PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The starting molecule transformation should be drawn and identified for the given target molecules and corresponding statements of acidic-catalyzed conditions.

Concept introduction:

$S_{N}1$Reaction: The $S_{N}1$ reaction is twostep process, leaving group leaves the molecule is first step and forms the more stable carbocation. Further, nucleophile attacks the carbocation and forms the final product in the second step. The rate of the reaction depends on the stability of the carbocation.

$S_{N}2$Reaction: The $S_{N}2$ reaction is single step process, leaving group leaves the molecule and nucleophiles attack the molecule is single step process which is simultaneous process.

Nucleophilic reaction: electron rich nucleophiles attack the positive or partially positive charge of an atom and replace a leaving group is called Nucleophilic Substitution reaction.

Elimination Reaction: It is just reverse reaction of addition where substituent from the given molecule is removed via E1 (the reaction depends only on the substrate involved in the reaction) or E2 (the reaction depends on both of the substituents in the reaction) mechanism.

Hydrolysis Reaction:  This type of reaction involving the braking of a carbon-carbon triple, double bonds in a molecules using water.

Acid Catalyzed Hydration Reaction: The reaction involves breaking of $\text{π}$-bonds between carbon-carbon multiple bonds and addition of alcohol to more substituted position of carbon in the molecule.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The starting molecule transformation should be drawn and identified for the given target molecules and corresponding statements of acidic-catalyzed conditions.

Concept introduction:

$S_{N}1$Reaction: The $S_{N}1$ reaction is twostep process, leaving group leaves the molecule is first step and forms the more stable carbocation. Further, nucleophile attacks the carbocation and forms the final product in the second step. The rate of the reaction depends on the stability of the carbocation.

$S_{N}2$Reaction: The $S_{N}2$ reaction is single step process, leaving group leaves the molecule and nucleophiles attack the molecule is single step process which is simultaneous process.

Nucleophilic reaction: electron rich nucleophiles attack the positive or partially positive charge of an atom and replace a leaving group is called Nucleophilic Substitution reaction.

Elimination Reaction: It is just reverse reaction of addition where substituent from the given molecule is removed via E1 (the reaction depends only on the substrate involved in the reaction) or E2 (the reaction depends on both of the substituents in the reaction) mechanism.

Hydrolysis Reaction:  This type of reaction involving the braking of a carbon-carbon triple, double bonds in a molecules using water.

Acid Catalyzed Hydration Reaction: The reaction involves breaking of $\text{π}$-bonds between carbon-carbon multiple bonds and addition of alcohol to more substituted position of carbon in the molecule.

(c).

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The starting molecule transformation should be drawn and identified for the given target molecules and corresponding statements of acidic-catalyzed conditions.

Concept introduction:

$S_{N}1$Reaction: The $S_{N}1$ reaction is twostep process, leaving group leaves the molecule is first step and forms the more stable carbocation. Further, nucleophile attacks the carbocation and forms the final product in the second step. The rate of the reaction depends on the stability of the carbocation.

$S_{N}2$Reaction: The $S_{N}2$ reaction is single step process, leaving group leaves the molecule and nucleophiles attack the molecule is single step process which is simultaneous process.

Nucleophilic reaction: electron rich nucleophiles attack the positive or partially positive charge of an atom and replace a leaving group is called Nucleophilic Substitution reaction.

Elimination Reaction: It is just reverse reaction of addition where substituent from the given molecule is removed via E1 (the reaction depends only on the substrate involved in the reaction) or E2 (the reaction depends on both of the substituents in the reaction) mechanism.

Hydrolysis Reaction:  This type of reaction involving the braking of a carbon-carbon triple, double bonds in a molecules using water.

Acid Catalyzed Hydration Reaction: The reaction involves breaking of $\text{π}$-bonds between carbon-carbon multiple bonds and addition of alcohol to more substituted position of carbon in the molecule.

(d).

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The starting molecule transformation should be drawn and identified for the given target molecules and corresponding statements of acidic-catalyzed conditions.

Concept introduction:

$S_{N}1$Reaction: The $S_{N}1$ reaction is twostep process, leaving group leaves the molecule is first step and forms the more stable carbocation. Further, nucleophile attacks the carbocation and forms the final product in the second step. The rate of the reaction depends on the stability of the carbocation.

$S_{N}2$Reaction: The $S_{N}2$ reaction is single step process, leaving group leaves the molecule and nucleophiles attack the molecule is single step process which is simultaneous process.

Nucleophilic reaction: electron rich nucleophiles attack the positive or partially positive charge of an atom and replace a leaving group is called Nucleophilic Substitution reaction.

Elimination Reaction: It is just reverse reaction of addition where substituent from the given molecule is removed via E1 (the reaction depends only on the substrate involved in the reaction) or E2 (the reaction depends on both of the substituents in the reaction) mechanism.

Hydrolysis Reaction:  This type of reaction involving the braking of a carbon-carbon triple, double bonds in a molecules using water.

Acid Catalyzed Hydration Reaction: The reaction involves breaking of $\text{π}$-bonds between carbon-carbon multiple bonds and addition of alcohol to more substituted position of carbon in the molecule.

(e).

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The starting molecule transformation should be drawn and identified for the given target molecules and corresponding statements of acidic-catalyzed conditions.

Concept introduction:

$S_{N}1$Reaction: The $S_{N}1$ reaction is twostep process, leaving group leaves the molecule is first step and forms the more stable carbocation. Further, nucleophile attacks the carbocation and forms the final product in the second step. The rate of the reaction depends on the stability of the carbocation.

$S_{N}2$Reaction: The $S_{N}2$ reaction is single step process, leaving group leaves the molecule and nucleophiles attack the molecule is single step process which is simultaneous process.

Nucleophilic reaction: electron rich nucleophiles attack the positive or partially positive charge of an atom and replace a leaving group is called Nucleophilic Substitution reaction.

Elimination Reaction: It is just reverse reaction of addition where substituent from the given molecule is removed via E1 (the reaction depends only on the substrate involved in the reaction) or E2 (the reaction depends on both of the substituents in the reaction) mechanism.

Hydrolysis Reaction:  This type of reaction involving the braking of a carbon-carbon triple, double bonds in a molecules using water.

Acid Catalyzed Hydration Reaction: The reaction involves breaking of $\text{π}$-bonds between carbon-carbon multiple bonds and addition of alcohol to more substituted position of carbon in the molecule.