(a)
Interpretation:
The reaction of crystal violet with
Concept introduction:
When a significant portion of an electronic charge is transported from an electron donor species to an electron acceptor species, such an electronic transition is called charge-transfer transition.
(b)
Interpretation:
The effect of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) on the rate of the bleaching reaction between crystal violet with
Concept introduction:
The molecules of fatty acid associate with each other and form a spherical cluster in aqueous solution. This spherical cluster is called micelle. The formation of micelle depends upon the structure of fatty acid.
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Organic Chemistry
- Draw the energy diagram of the following reaction. Label and draw the reactants, intermediates, and products. Label the transition state of the rate limiting step and draw the transition state of the rate determining step. Is it a concerted or stepwise reaction? Write the rate law for this reaction. How do we increase the reaction rate? If we use deutrium-tert-butyl bromide such as (CD3)3CBr instead of (CH3)3CBr, will it increase or decrease the reaction rate, or is there no meaningful rate change? Write reasons for your answer. Draw mechanisms for reactions by drawing arrows and intermediates.arrow_forwardWould heating each of the following reactions increase the yield of the product shown? (a) (b) NAOH Br Nao CIarrow_forwardWhich bromide will most rapidly undergo solvolysis in aqueous ethanol?arrow_forward
- 9.) Explain why NaNH2 favors the enolate ion in the following reaction, but NaOH favors an equilibrium. (B: represents the base – either NANH, or NaOH). You'll need to consider acid/base strength (pKa values). B: + BH enolate ionarrow_forward14. When propylene reacts with hydrogen bromide in the presence of a peroxide initiator, which of the following structures are formed during the mechanism? (A) Br Br (B) (C) Br H• (D)arrow_forwardTrimethyllead hydride, (CH3)3PbH, can react with methyl bromide (CH3Br) in a homolytic dissociation reaction. What will the lead-containing product be? (CH3)2Pb PbBr2 (CH3)3PbBr Pb metalarrow_forward
- Compounds A, B, and C are isomers of xylene (dimethylbenzene). When each of these isomers undergoes a single nitration, compound A produces just one product, B produces a mixture of two products, and C produces a mixture ofthree products. Identify which of compounds A, B, and C is the ortho isomer, which is the meta isomer, and which is the para isomer.arrow_forwardHS 18.5 Give the intermediate formed in the first step and suggest reagents for the second step. 1) NaOH 2) Brarrow_forward2) a) n-Butyllithium is used to deprotonate the following compounds. Draw the structures of the resulting organolithium compounds (assume they are monomeric). Me₂N SO₂ b) Explain the selectivity of deprotonation. c) Each organolithium is reacted with ethyltosylate. Draw the structures of the resulting products.arrow_forward
- Show how you would carry out each of the following transformations.arrow_forward1. Which of the following is not expected to be intermediate of the following reaction ? OH H2O + (a) (b) (c) (d)arrow_forward4. Assign an inner-sphere or outer-sphere mechanism for the following reactions, and draw out the details of the reaction sequence: (a) Note that the Co(III) starting material is substitution inert, while the Fe(II) reactant is substitution labile, and the Co(II) product is substitution labile, while the Fe product is substitution inert. 3+ N) Co-N N + [Fe(CN)s(OH)]³ (CN) Fe-N 2- + [Co(OH2)2+arrow_forward