Chapter 20, Problem 137AP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula for 2-propanol should be drawn and whether it is primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol should be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

The formula in which the arrangements of atoms in a molecule are shown is said to be the structural formula.

• An organic compound in which hydroxyl functional group that is -OH is bonded to the carbon atom is said to be an alcohol. The general formula for alcohol is C_n H_{2 n + 1} OH. Based on the attachment to the carbon the alcohols are classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a primary carbon atom (carbon atom to which one carbon atom is attached) then such alcohol is said to be a primary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a secondary carbon atom (carbon atom to which two carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a secondary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a tertiary carbon atom (carbon atom to which three carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a tertiary alcohol.

Answer to Problem 137AP

Secondary alcohol.

Explanation of Solution

For number of carbons atoms in chain, the prefix is given as:

Carbon-1     meth

Carbon-2    eth

Carbon-3    prop

Carbon-4     but

Carbon-5     pent

Carbon-6    hex

Carbon-7     hept

Carbon-8     oct

Carbon-9     non

Carbon-10     dec

The numbering of the carbon chain is done in such a way that the substituents get the lower number.

The given name is 2-propanol that means the parent chain has 3 number of carbons in the chain and suffix -ol represents it is an alcohol group that is R-OH (where R is alkane/alkyl group) at 2 position. So, the structural formula of 2-propanol is:

Since, -OH is attached to secondary carbon so, it is a secondary alcohol.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula for 2-methyl-2-propanol should be drawn and whether it is primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol should be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

The formula in which the arrangements of atoms in a molecule are shown is said to be the structural formula.

• An organic compound in which hydroxyl functional group that is -OH is bonded to the carbon atom is said to be an alcohol. The general formula for alcohol is C_n H_{2 n + 1} OH. Based on the attachment to the carbon the alcohols are classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a primary carbon atom (carbon atom to which one carbon atom is attached) then such alcohol is said to be a primary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a secondary carbon atom (carbon atom to which two carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a secondary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a tertiary carbon atom (carbon atom to which three carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a tertiary alcohol.

Answer to Problem 137AP

Tertiary alcohol.

Explanation of Solution

For number of carbons atoms in chain, the prefix is given as:

Carbon-1     meth

Carbon-2    eth

Carbon-3    prop

Carbon-4     but

Carbon-5     pent

Carbon-6    hex

Carbon-7     hept

Carbon-8     oct

Carbon-9     non

Carbon-10     dec

The numbering of the carbon chain is done in such a way that the substituents get the lower number.

The given name is 2-methyl-2-propanol that means the parent chain has 3 number of carbons in the chain and suffix -ol represents it is an alcohol group that is R-OH (where R is aryl/alkyl group) at 2 position, and a methyl substitution at 2 position. So, the structural formula of 2-methyl-2-propanol is:

Since, -OH is attached to tertiary carbon so, it is a tertiary alcohol.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula for 4-isopropyl-2-heptanol should be drawn and whether the it is primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol should be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

The formula in which the arrangements of atoms in a molecule are shown is said to be the structural formula.

• An organic compound in which hydroxyl functional group that is -OH is bonded to the carbon atom is said to be an alcohol. The general formula for alcohol is C_n H_{2 n + 1} OH. Based on the attachment to the carbon the alcohols are classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a primary carbon atom (carbon atom to which one carbon atom is attached) then such alcohol is said to be a primary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a secondary carbon atom (carbon atom to which two carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a secondary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a tertiary carbon atom (carbon atom to which three carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a tertiary alcohol.

Answer to Problem 137AP

Secondary alcohol.

Explanation of Solution

For number of carbons atoms in chain, the prefix is given as:

Carbon-1     meth

Carbon-2    eth

Carbon-3    prop

Carbon-4     but

Carbon-5     pent

Carbon-6    hex

Carbon-7     hept

Carbon-8     oct

Carbon-9     non

Carbon-10     dec

The numbering of the carbon chain is done in such a way that the substituents gets the lower number.

The given name is 4-isopropyl-2-heptanol that means the parent chain has 7 number of carbons in the chain and suffix -ol represents it is an alcohol group that is R-OH (where R is aryl/alkyl group) at 2 position, and anisopropyl substitution at 4 position. So, the structural formula of 4-isopropyl-2-heptanol is:

Since, -OH is attached to secondary carbon so, it is a secondary alcohol.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula for 2, 3-dichloro-1-pentanol should be drawn and whether the it is primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol should be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

The formula in which the arrangements of atoms in a molecule are shown is said to be the structural formula.

• An organic compound in which hydroxyl functional group that is -OH is bonded to the carbon atom is said to be an alcohol. The general formula for alcohol is C_n H_{2 n + 1} OH. Based on the attachment to the carbon the alcohols are classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a primary carbon atom (carbon atom to which one carbon atom is attached) then such alcohol is said to be a primary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a secondary carbon atom (carbon atom to which two carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a secondary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a tertiary carbon atom (carbon atom to which three carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a tertiary alcohol.

Answer to Problem 137AP

Primary alcohol.

Explanation of Solution

For number of carbons atoms in chain, the prefix is given as:

Carbon-1     meth

Carbon-2    eth

Carbon-3    prop

Carbon-4     but

Carbon-5     pent

Carbon-6    hex

Carbon-7     hept

Carbon-8     oct

Carbon-9     non

Carbon-10     dec

The numbering of the carbon chain is done in such a way that the substituents get the lower number.

The given name is 2, 3-dichloro-1-pentanol that means the parent chain has 5 number of carbons in the chain and suffix -ol represents it is an alcohol group that is R-OH (where R is aryl/alkyl group) at 1 position, and 2 chlorine substitution at 2 and 3 position. So, the structural formula of 2, 3-dichloro-1-pentanol is:

Since, -OH is attached to primary carbon so, it is a primary alcohol.