The structural formula for 2-propanol should be drawn and whether it is primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol should be indicated. Concept Introduction: The formula in which the arrangements of atoms in a molecule are shown is said to be the structural formula. An organic compound in which hydroxyl functional group that is -OH is bonded to the carbon atom is said to be an alcohol. The general formula for alcohol is C n H 2 n + 1 OH. Based on the attachment to the carbon the alcohols are classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol. When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a primary carbon atom (carbon atom to which one carbon atom is attached) then such alcohol is said to be a primary alcohol. When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a secondary carbon atom (carbon atom to which two carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a secondary alcohol. When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a tertiary carbon atom (carbon atom to which three carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a tertiary alcohol.

Question

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 20, Problem 137AP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula for 2-propanol should be drawn and whether it is primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol should be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

The formula in which the arrangements of atoms in a molecule are shown is said to be the structural formula.

An organic compound in which hydroxyl functional group that is -OH is bonded to the carbon atom is said to be an alcohol. The general formula for alcohol is C_n H₂ _n ₊ ₁ OH. Based on the attachment to the carbon the alcohols are classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a primary carbon atom (carbon atom to which one carbon atom is attached) then such alcohol is said to be a primary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a secondary carbon atom (carbon atom to which two carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a secondary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a tertiary carbon atom (carbon atom to which three carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a tertiary alcohol.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 137AP

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, Chapter 20, Problem 137AP , additional homework tip 1

Secondary alcohol.

Explanation of Solution

For number of carbons atoms in chain, the prefix is given as:

Carbon-1 meth

Carbon-2 eth

Carbon-3 prop

Carbon-4 but

Carbon-5 pent

Carbon-6 hex

Carbon-7 hept

Carbon-8 oct

Carbon-9 non

Carbon-10 dec

The numbering of the carbon chain is done in such a way that the substituents get the lower number.

The given name is 2-propanol that means the parent chain has 3 number of carbons in the chain and suffix -ol represents it is an alcohol group that is R-OH (where R is alkane/alkyl group) at 2 position. So, the structural formula of 2-propanol is:

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, Chapter 20, Problem 137AP , additional homework tip 2

Since, -OH is attached to secondary carbon so, it is a secondary alcohol.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula for 2-methyl-2-propanol should be drawn and whether it is primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol should be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

The formula in which the arrangements of atoms in a molecule are shown is said to be the structural formula.

An organic compound in which hydroxyl functional group that is -OH is bonded to the carbon atom is said to be an alcohol. The general formula for alcohol is C_n H₂ _n ₊ ₁ OH. Based on the attachment to the carbon the alcohols are classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a primary carbon atom (carbon atom to which one carbon atom is attached) then such alcohol is said to be a primary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a secondary carbon atom (carbon atom to which two carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a secondary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a tertiary carbon atom (carbon atom to which three carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a tertiary alcohol.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 137AP

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, Chapter 20, Problem 137AP , additional homework tip 3

Tertiary alcohol.

Explanation of Solution

For number of carbons atoms in chain, the prefix is given as:

Carbon-1 meth

Carbon-2 eth

Carbon-3 prop

Carbon-4 but

Carbon-5 pent

Carbon-6 hex

Carbon-7 hept

Carbon-8 oct

Carbon-9 non

Carbon-10 dec

The numbering of the carbon chain is done in such a way that the substituents get the lower number.

The given name is 2-methyl-2-propanol that means the parent chain has 3 number of carbons in the chain and suffix -ol represents it is an alcohol group that is R-OH (where R is aryl/alkyl group) at 2 position, and a methyl substitution at 2 position. So, the structural formula of 2-methyl-2-propanol is:

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, Chapter 20, Problem 137AP , additional homework tip 4

Since, -OH is attached to tertiary carbon so, it is a tertiary alcohol.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula for 4-isopropyl-2-heptanol should be drawn and whether the it is primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol should be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

The formula in which the arrangements of atoms in a molecule are shown is said to be the structural formula.

An organic compound in which hydroxyl functional group that is -OH is bonded to the carbon atom is said to be an alcohol. The general formula for alcohol is C_n H₂ _n ₊ ₁ OH. Based on the attachment to the carbon the alcohols are classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a primary carbon atom (carbon atom to which one carbon atom is attached) then such alcohol is said to be a primary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a secondary carbon atom (carbon atom to which two carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a secondary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a tertiary carbon atom (carbon atom to which three carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a tertiary alcohol.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 137AP

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, Chapter 20, Problem 137AP , additional homework tip 5

Secondary alcohol.

Explanation of Solution

For number of carbons atoms in chain, the prefix is given as:

Carbon-1 meth

Carbon-2 eth

Carbon-3 prop

Carbon-4 but

Carbon-5 pent

Carbon-6 hex

Carbon-7 hept

Carbon-8 oct

Carbon-9 non

Carbon-10 dec

The numbering of the carbon chain is done in such a way that the substituents gets the lower number.

The given name is 4-isopropyl-2-heptanol that means the parent chain has 7 number of carbons in the chain and suffix -ol represents it is an alcohol group that is R-OH (where R is aryl/alkyl group) at 2 position, and anisopropyl substitution at 4 position. So, the structural formula of 4-isopropyl-2-heptanol is:

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, Chapter 20, Problem 137AP , additional homework tip 6

Since, -OH is attached to secondary carbon so, it is a secondary alcohol.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula for 2, 3-dichloro-1-pentanol should be drawn and whether the it is primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol should be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

The formula in which the arrangements of atoms in a molecule are shown is said to be the structural formula.

An organic compound in which hydroxyl functional group that is -OH is bonded to the carbon atom is said to be an alcohol. The general formula for alcohol is C_n H₂ _n ₊ ₁ OH. Based on the attachment to the carbon the alcohols are classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a primary carbon atom (carbon atom to which one carbon atom is attached) then such alcohol is said to be a primary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a secondary carbon atom (carbon atom to which two carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a secondary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a tertiary carbon atom (carbon atom to which three carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a tertiary alcohol.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 137AP

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, Chapter 20, Problem 137AP , additional homework tip 7

Primary alcohol.

Explanation of Solution

For number of carbons atoms in chain, the prefix is given as:

Carbon-1 meth

Carbon-2 eth

Carbon-3 prop

Carbon-4 but

Carbon-5 pent

Carbon-6 hex

Carbon-7 hept

Carbon-8 oct

Carbon-9 non

Carbon-10 dec

The numbering of the carbon chain is done in such a way that the substituents get the lower number.

The given name is 2, 3-dichloro-1-pentanol that means the parent chain has 5 number of carbons in the chain and suffix -ol represents it is an alcohol group that is R-OH (where R is aryl/alkyl group) at 1 position, and 2 chlorine substitution at 2 and 3 position. So, the structural formula of 2, 3-dichloro-1-pentanol is:

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, Chapter 20, Problem 137AP , additional homework tip 8

Since, -OH is attached to primary carbon so, it is a primary alcohol.

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The SN 1 mechanism starts with the rate-determining step which is the dissociation of the alkyl halide into a carbocation and a halide ion. The next step is the rapid reaction of the carbocation intermediate with the nucleophile; this step completes the nucleophilic substitution stage. The step that follows the nucleophilic substitution is a fast acid-base reaction. The nucleophile now acts as a base to remove the proton from the oxonium ion from the previous step, to give the observed product. Draw a curved arrow mechanism for the reaction, adding steps as necessary. Be sure to include all nonzero formal charges. Cl: Add/Remove step G Click and drag to start drawing a structure.

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 20, Problem 137AP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula for 2-propanol should be drawn and whether it is primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol should be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

The formula in which the arrangements of atoms in a molecule are shown is said to be the structural formula.

An organic compound in which hydroxyl functional group that is -OH is bonded to the carbon atom is said to be an alcohol. The general formula for alcohol is C_n H₂ _n ₊ ₁ OH. Based on the attachment to the carbon the alcohols are classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a primary carbon atom (carbon atom to which one carbon atom is attached) then such alcohol is said to be a primary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a secondary carbon atom (carbon atom to which two carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a secondary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a tertiary carbon atom (carbon atom to which three carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a tertiary alcohol.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 137AP

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, Chapter 20, Problem 137AP , additional homework tip 1

Secondary alcohol.

Explanation of Solution

For number of carbons atoms in chain, the prefix is given as:

Carbon-1 meth

Carbon-2 eth

Carbon-3 prop

Carbon-4 but

Carbon-5 pent

Carbon-6 hex

Carbon-7 hept

Carbon-8 oct

Carbon-9 non

Carbon-10 dec

The numbering of the carbon chain is done in such a way that the substituents get the lower number.

The given name is 2-propanol that means the parent chain has 3 number of carbons in the chain and suffix -ol represents it is an alcohol group that is R-OH (where R is alkane/alkyl group) at 2 position. So, the structural formula of 2-propanol is:

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, Chapter 20, Problem 137AP , additional homework tip 2

Since, -OH is attached to secondary carbon so, it is a secondary alcohol.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula for 2-methyl-2-propanol should be drawn and whether it is primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol should be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

The formula in which the arrangements of atoms in a molecule are shown is said to be the structural formula.

An organic compound in which hydroxyl functional group that is -OH is bonded to the carbon atom is said to be an alcohol. The general formula for alcohol is C_n H₂ _n ₊ ₁ OH. Based on the attachment to the carbon the alcohols are classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a primary carbon atom (carbon atom to which one carbon atom is attached) then such alcohol is said to be a primary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a secondary carbon atom (carbon atom to which two carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a secondary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a tertiary carbon atom (carbon atom to which three carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a tertiary alcohol.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 137AP

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, Chapter 20, Problem 137AP , additional homework tip 3

Tertiary alcohol.

Explanation of Solution

For number of carbons atoms in chain, the prefix is given as:

Carbon-1 meth

Carbon-2 eth

Carbon-3 prop

Carbon-4 but

Carbon-5 pent

Carbon-6 hex

Carbon-7 hept

Carbon-8 oct

Carbon-9 non

Carbon-10 dec

The numbering of the carbon chain is done in such a way that the substituents get the lower number.

The given name is 2-methyl-2-propanol that means the parent chain has 3 number of carbons in the chain and suffix -ol represents it is an alcohol group that is R-OH (where R is aryl/alkyl group) at 2 position, and a methyl substitution at 2 position. So, the structural formula of 2-methyl-2-propanol is:

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, Chapter 20, Problem 137AP , additional homework tip 4

Since, -OH is attached to tertiary carbon so, it is a tertiary alcohol.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula for 4-isopropyl-2-heptanol should be drawn and whether the it is primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol should be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

The formula in which the arrangements of atoms in a molecule are shown is said to be the structural formula.

An organic compound in which hydroxyl functional group that is -OH is bonded to the carbon atom is said to be an alcohol. The general formula for alcohol is C_n H₂ _n ₊ ₁ OH. Based on the attachment to the carbon the alcohols are classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a primary carbon atom (carbon atom to which one carbon atom is attached) then such alcohol is said to be a primary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a secondary carbon atom (carbon atom to which two carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a secondary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a tertiary carbon atom (carbon atom to which three carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a tertiary alcohol.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 137AP

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, Chapter 20, Problem 137AP , additional homework tip 5

Secondary alcohol.

Explanation of Solution

For number of carbons atoms in chain, the prefix is given as:

Carbon-1 meth

Carbon-2 eth

Carbon-3 prop

Carbon-4 but

Carbon-5 pent

Carbon-6 hex

Carbon-7 hept

Carbon-8 oct

Carbon-9 non

Carbon-10 dec

The numbering of the carbon chain is done in such a way that the substituents gets the lower number.

The given name is 4-isopropyl-2-heptanol that means the parent chain has 7 number of carbons in the chain and suffix -ol represents it is an alcohol group that is R-OH (where R is aryl/alkyl group) at 2 position, and anisopropyl substitution at 4 position. So, the structural formula of 4-isopropyl-2-heptanol is:

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, Chapter 20, Problem 137AP , additional homework tip 6

Since, -OH is attached to secondary carbon so, it is a secondary alcohol.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula for 2, 3-dichloro-1-pentanol should be drawn and whether the it is primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol should be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

The formula in which the arrangements of atoms in a molecule are shown is said to be the structural formula.

An organic compound in which hydroxyl functional group that is -OH is bonded to the carbon atom is said to be an alcohol. The general formula for alcohol is C_n H₂ _n ₊ ₁ OH. Based on the attachment to the carbon the alcohols are classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a primary carbon atom (carbon atom to which one carbon atom is attached) then such alcohol is said to be a primary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a secondary carbon atom (carbon atom to which two carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a secondary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a tertiary carbon atom (carbon atom to which three carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a tertiary alcohol.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 137AP

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, Chapter 20, Problem 137AP , additional homework tip 7

Primary alcohol.

Explanation of Solution

For number of carbons atoms in chain, the prefix is given as:

Carbon-1 meth

Carbon-2 eth

Carbon-3 prop

Carbon-4 but

Carbon-5 pent

Carbon-6 hex

Carbon-7 hept

Carbon-8 oct

Carbon-9 non

Carbon-10 dec

The numbering of the carbon chain is done in such a way that the substituents get the lower number.

The given name is 2, 3-dichloro-1-pentanol that means the parent chain has 5 number of carbons in the chain and suffix -ol represents it is an alcohol group that is R-OH (where R is aryl/alkyl group) at 1 position, and 2 chlorine substitution at 2 and 3 position. So, the structural formula of 2, 3-dichloro-1-pentanol is:

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, Chapter 20, Problem 137AP , additional homework tip 8

Since, -OH is attached to primary carbon so, it is a primary alcohol.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 20, Problem 137AP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula for 2-propanol should be drawn and whether it is primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol should be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

The formula in which the arrangements of atoms in a molecule are shown is said to be the structural formula.

An organic compound in which hydroxyl functional group that is -OH is bonded to the carbon atom is said to be an alcohol. The general formula for alcohol is C_n H₂ _n ₊ ₁ OH. Based on the attachment to the carbon the alcohols are classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a primary carbon atom (carbon atom to which one carbon atom is attached) then such alcohol is said to be a primary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a secondary carbon atom (carbon atom to which two carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a secondary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a tertiary carbon atom (carbon atom to which three carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a tertiary alcohol.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 137AP

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, Chapter 20, Problem 137AP , additional homework tip 1

Secondary alcohol.

Explanation of Solution

For number of carbons atoms in chain, the prefix is given as:

Carbon-1 meth

Carbon-2 eth

Carbon-3 prop

Carbon-4 but

Carbon-5 pent

Carbon-6 hex

Carbon-7 hept

Carbon-8 oct

Carbon-9 non

Carbon-10 dec

The numbering of the carbon chain is done in such a way that the substituents get the lower number.

The given name is 2-propanol that means the parent chain has 3 number of carbons in the chain and suffix -ol represents it is an alcohol group that is R-OH (where R is alkane/alkyl group) at 2 position. So, the structural formula of 2-propanol is:

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, Chapter 20, Problem 137AP , additional homework tip 2

Since, -OH is attached to secondary carbon so, it is a secondary alcohol.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula for 2-methyl-2-propanol should be drawn and whether it is primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol should be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

The formula in which the arrangements of atoms in a molecule are shown is said to be the structural formula.

An organic compound in which hydroxyl functional group that is -OH is bonded to the carbon atom is said to be an alcohol. The general formula for alcohol is C_n H₂ _n ₊ ₁ OH. Based on the attachment to the carbon the alcohols are classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a primary carbon atom (carbon atom to which one carbon atom is attached) then such alcohol is said to be a primary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a secondary carbon atom (carbon atom to which two carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a secondary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a tertiary carbon atom (carbon atom to which three carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a tertiary alcohol.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 137AP

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, Chapter 20, Problem 137AP , additional homework tip 3

Tertiary alcohol.

Explanation of Solution

For number of carbons atoms in chain, the prefix is given as:

Carbon-1 meth

Carbon-2 eth

Carbon-3 prop

Carbon-4 but

Carbon-5 pent

Carbon-6 hex

Carbon-7 hept

Carbon-8 oct

Carbon-9 non

Carbon-10 dec

The numbering of the carbon chain is done in such a way that the substituents get the lower number.

The given name is 2-methyl-2-propanol that means the parent chain has 3 number of carbons in the chain and suffix -ol represents it is an alcohol group that is R-OH (where R is aryl/alkyl group) at 2 position, and a methyl substitution at 2 position. So, the structural formula of 2-methyl-2-propanol is:

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, Chapter 20, Problem 137AP , additional homework tip 4

Since, -OH is attached to tertiary carbon so, it is a tertiary alcohol.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula for 4-isopropyl-2-heptanol should be drawn and whether the it is primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol should be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

The formula in which the arrangements of atoms in a molecule are shown is said to be the structural formula.

An organic compound in which hydroxyl functional group that is -OH is bonded to the carbon atom is said to be an alcohol. The general formula for alcohol is C_n H₂ _n ₊ ₁ OH. Based on the attachment to the carbon the alcohols are classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a primary carbon atom (carbon atom to which one carbon atom is attached) then such alcohol is said to be a primary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a secondary carbon atom (carbon atom to which two carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a secondary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a tertiary carbon atom (carbon atom to which three carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a tertiary alcohol.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 137AP

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, Chapter 20, Problem 137AP , additional homework tip 5

Secondary alcohol.

Explanation of Solution

For number of carbons atoms in chain, the prefix is given as:

Carbon-1 meth

Carbon-2 eth

Carbon-3 prop

Carbon-4 but

Carbon-5 pent

Carbon-6 hex

Carbon-7 hept

Carbon-8 oct

Carbon-9 non

Carbon-10 dec

The numbering of the carbon chain is done in such a way that the substituents gets the lower number.

The given name is 4-isopropyl-2-heptanol that means the parent chain has 7 number of carbons in the chain and suffix -ol represents it is an alcohol group that is R-OH (where R is aryl/alkyl group) at 2 position, and anisopropyl substitution at 4 position. So, the structural formula of 4-isopropyl-2-heptanol is:

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, Chapter 20, Problem 137AP , additional homework tip 6

Since, -OH is attached to secondary carbon so, it is a secondary alcohol.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula for 2, 3-dichloro-1-pentanol should be drawn and whether the it is primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol should be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

The formula in which the arrangements of atoms in a molecule are shown is said to be the structural formula.

An organic compound in which hydroxyl functional group that is -OH is bonded to the carbon atom is said to be an alcohol. The general formula for alcohol is C_n H₂ _n ₊ ₁ OH. Based on the attachment to the carbon the alcohols are classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a primary carbon atom (carbon atom to which one carbon atom is attached) then such alcohol is said to be a primary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a secondary carbon atom (carbon atom to which two carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a secondary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a tertiary carbon atom (carbon atom to which three carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a tertiary alcohol.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 137AP

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, Chapter 20, Problem 137AP , additional homework tip 7

Primary alcohol.

Explanation of Solution

For number of carbons atoms in chain, the prefix is given as:

Carbon-1 meth

Carbon-2 eth

Carbon-3 prop

Carbon-4 but

Carbon-5 pent

Carbon-6 hex

Carbon-7 hept

Carbon-8 oct

Carbon-9 non

Carbon-10 dec

The numbering of the carbon chain is done in such a way that the substituents get the lower number.

The given name is 2, 3-dichloro-1-pentanol that means the parent chain has 5 number of carbons in the chain and suffix -ol represents it is an alcohol group that is R-OH (where R is aryl/alkyl group) at 1 position, and 2 chlorine substitution at 2 and 3 position. So, the structural formula of 2, 3-dichloro-1-pentanol is:

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, Chapter 20, Problem 137AP , additional homework tip 8

Since, -OH is attached to primary carbon so, it is a primary alcohol.

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Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 4

Question

Chapter 20, Problem 137AP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula for 2-propanol should be drawn and whether it is primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol should be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

The formula in which the arrangements of atoms in a molecule are shown is said to be the structural formula.

An organic compound in which hydroxyl functional group that is -OH is bonded to the carbon atom is said to be an alcohol. The general formula for alcohol is C_n H₂ _n ₊ ₁ OH. Based on the attachment to the carbon the alcohols are classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a primary carbon atom (carbon atom to which one carbon atom is attached) then such alcohol is said to be a primary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a secondary carbon atom (carbon atom to which two carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a secondary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a tertiary carbon atom (carbon atom to which three carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a tertiary alcohol.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 137AP

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, Chapter 20, Problem 137AP , additional homework tip 1

Secondary alcohol.

Explanation of Solution

For number of carbons atoms in chain, the prefix is given as:

Carbon-1 meth

Carbon-2 eth

Carbon-3 prop

Carbon-4 but

Carbon-5 pent

Carbon-6 hex

Carbon-7 hept

Carbon-8 oct

Carbon-9 non

Carbon-10 dec

The numbering of the carbon chain is done in such a way that the substituents get the lower number.

The given name is 2-propanol that means the parent chain has 3 number of carbons in the chain and suffix -ol represents it is an alcohol group that is R-OH (where R is alkane/alkyl group) at 2 position. So, the structural formula of 2-propanol is:

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, Chapter 20, Problem 137AP , additional homework tip 2

Since, -OH is attached to secondary carbon so, it is a secondary alcohol.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula for 2-methyl-2-propanol should be drawn and whether it is primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol should be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

The formula in which the arrangements of atoms in a molecule are shown is said to be the structural formula.

An organic compound in which hydroxyl functional group that is -OH is bonded to the carbon atom is said to be an alcohol. The general formula for alcohol is C_n H₂ _n ₊ ₁ OH. Based on the attachment to the carbon the alcohols are classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a primary carbon atom (carbon atom to which one carbon atom is attached) then such alcohol is said to be a primary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a secondary carbon atom (carbon atom to which two carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a secondary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a tertiary carbon atom (carbon atom to which three carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a tertiary alcohol.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 137AP

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, Chapter 20, Problem 137AP , additional homework tip 3

Tertiary alcohol.

Explanation of Solution

For number of carbons atoms in chain, the prefix is given as:

Carbon-1 meth

Carbon-2 eth

Carbon-3 prop

Carbon-4 but

Carbon-5 pent

Carbon-6 hex

Carbon-7 hept

Carbon-8 oct

Carbon-9 non

Carbon-10 dec

The numbering of the carbon chain is done in such a way that the substituents get the lower number.

The given name is 2-methyl-2-propanol that means the parent chain has 3 number of carbons in the chain and suffix -ol represents it is an alcohol group that is R-OH (where R is aryl/alkyl group) at 2 position, and a methyl substitution at 2 position. So, the structural formula of 2-methyl-2-propanol is:

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, Chapter 20, Problem 137AP , additional homework tip 4

Since, -OH is attached to tertiary carbon so, it is a tertiary alcohol.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula for 4-isopropyl-2-heptanol should be drawn and whether the it is primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol should be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

The formula in which the arrangements of atoms in a molecule are shown is said to be the structural formula.

An organic compound in which hydroxyl functional group that is -OH is bonded to the carbon atom is said to be an alcohol. The general formula for alcohol is C_n H₂ _n ₊ ₁ OH. Based on the attachment to the carbon the alcohols are classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a primary carbon atom (carbon atom to which one carbon atom is attached) then such alcohol is said to be a primary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a secondary carbon atom (carbon atom to which two carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a secondary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a tertiary carbon atom (carbon atom to which three carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a tertiary alcohol.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 137AP

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, Chapter 20, Problem 137AP , additional homework tip 5

Secondary alcohol.

Explanation of Solution

For number of carbons atoms in chain, the prefix is given as:

Carbon-1 meth

Carbon-2 eth

Carbon-3 prop

Carbon-4 but

Carbon-5 pent

Carbon-6 hex

Carbon-7 hept

Carbon-8 oct

Carbon-9 non

Carbon-10 dec

The numbering of the carbon chain is done in such a way that the substituents gets the lower number.

The given name is 4-isopropyl-2-heptanol that means the parent chain has 7 number of carbons in the chain and suffix -ol represents it is an alcohol group that is R-OH (where R is aryl/alkyl group) at 2 position, and anisopropyl substitution at 4 position. So, the structural formula of 4-isopropyl-2-heptanol is:

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, Chapter 20, Problem 137AP , additional homework tip 6

Since, -OH is attached to secondary carbon so, it is a secondary alcohol.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula for 2, 3-dichloro-1-pentanol should be drawn and whether the it is primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol should be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

The formula in which the arrangements of atoms in a molecule are shown is said to be the structural formula.

An organic compound in which hydroxyl functional group that is -OH is bonded to the carbon atom is said to be an alcohol. The general formula for alcohol is C_n H₂ _n ₊ ₁ OH. Based on the attachment to the carbon the alcohols are classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a primary carbon atom (carbon atom to which one carbon atom is attached) then such alcohol is said to be a primary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a secondary carbon atom (carbon atom to which two carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a secondary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a tertiary carbon atom (carbon atom to which three carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a tertiary alcohol.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 137AP

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, Chapter 20, Problem 137AP , additional homework tip 7

Primary alcohol.

Explanation of Solution

For number of carbons atoms in chain, the prefix is given as:

Carbon-1 meth

Carbon-2 eth

Carbon-3 prop

Carbon-4 but

Carbon-5 pent

Carbon-6 hex

Carbon-7 hept

Carbon-8 oct

Carbon-9 non

Carbon-10 dec

The numbering of the carbon chain is done in such a way that the substituents get the lower number.

The given name is 2, 3-dichloro-1-pentanol that means the parent chain has 5 number of carbons in the chain and suffix -ol represents it is an alcohol group that is R-OH (where R is aryl/alkyl group) at 1 position, and 2 chlorine substitution at 2 and 3 position. So, the structural formula of 2, 3-dichloro-1-pentanol is:

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, Chapter 20, Problem 137AP , additional homework tip 8

Since, -OH is attached to primary carbon so, it is a primary alcohol.

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Answer 5

Chapter 20, Problem 137AP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula for 2-propanol should be drawn and whether it is primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol should be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

The formula in which the arrangements of atoms in a molecule are shown is said to be the structural formula.

An organic compound in which hydroxyl functional group that is -OH is bonded to the carbon atom is said to be an alcohol. The general formula for alcohol is C_n H₂ _n ₊ ₁ OH. Based on the attachment to the carbon the alcohols are classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a primary carbon atom (carbon atom to which one carbon atom is attached) then such alcohol is said to be a primary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a secondary carbon atom (carbon atom to which two carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a secondary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a tertiary carbon atom (carbon atom to which three carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a tertiary alcohol.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 137AP

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, Chapter 20, Problem 137AP , additional homework tip 1

Secondary alcohol.

Explanation of Solution

For number of carbons atoms in chain, the prefix is given as:

Carbon-1 meth

Carbon-2 eth

Carbon-3 prop

Carbon-4 but

Carbon-5 pent

Carbon-6 hex

Carbon-7 hept

Carbon-8 oct

Carbon-9 non

Carbon-10 dec

The numbering of the carbon chain is done in such a way that the substituents get the lower number.

The given name is 2-propanol that means the parent chain has 3 number of carbons in the chain and suffix -ol represents it is an alcohol group that is R-OH (where R is alkane/alkyl group) at 2 position. So, the structural formula of 2-propanol is:

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, Chapter 20, Problem 137AP , additional homework tip 2

Since, -OH is attached to secondary carbon so, it is a secondary alcohol.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula for 2-methyl-2-propanol should be drawn and whether it is primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol should be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

The formula in which the arrangements of atoms in a molecule are shown is said to be the structural formula.

An organic compound in which hydroxyl functional group that is -OH is bonded to the carbon atom is said to be an alcohol. The general formula for alcohol is C_n H₂ _n ₊ ₁ OH. Based on the attachment to the carbon the alcohols are classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a primary carbon atom (carbon atom to which one carbon atom is attached) then such alcohol is said to be a primary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a secondary carbon atom (carbon atom to which two carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a secondary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a tertiary carbon atom (carbon atom to which three carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a tertiary alcohol.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 137AP

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, Chapter 20, Problem 137AP , additional homework tip 3

Tertiary alcohol.

Explanation of Solution

For number of carbons atoms in chain, the prefix is given as:

Carbon-1 meth

Carbon-2 eth

Carbon-3 prop

Carbon-4 but

Carbon-5 pent

Carbon-6 hex

Carbon-7 hept

Carbon-8 oct

Carbon-9 non

Carbon-10 dec

The numbering of the carbon chain is done in such a way that the substituents get the lower number.

The given name is 2-methyl-2-propanol that means the parent chain has 3 number of carbons in the chain and suffix -ol represents it is an alcohol group that is R-OH (where R is aryl/alkyl group) at 2 position, and a methyl substitution at 2 position. So, the structural formula of 2-methyl-2-propanol is:

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, Chapter 20, Problem 137AP , additional homework tip 4

Since, -OH is attached to tertiary carbon so, it is a tertiary alcohol.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula for 4-isopropyl-2-heptanol should be drawn and whether the it is primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol should be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

The formula in which the arrangements of atoms in a molecule are shown is said to be the structural formula.

An organic compound in which hydroxyl functional group that is -OH is bonded to the carbon atom is said to be an alcohol. The general formula for alcohol is C_n H₂ _n ₊ ₁ OH. Based on the attachment to the carbon the alcohols are classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a primary carbon atom (carbon atom to which one carbon atom is attached) then such alcohol is said to be a primary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a secondary carbon atom (carbon atom to which two carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a secondary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a tertiary carbon atom (carbon atom to which three carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a tertiary alcohol.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 137AP

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, Chapter 20, Problem 137AP , additional homework tip 5

Secondary alcohol.

Explanation of Solution

For number of carbons atoms in chain, the prefix is given as:

Carbon-1 meth

Carbon-2 eth

Carbon-3 prop

Carbon-4 but

Carbon-5 pent

Carbon-6 hex

Carbon-7 hept

Carbon-8 oct

Carbon-9 non

Carbon-10 dec

The numbering of the carbon chain is done in such a way that the substituents gets the lower number.

The given name is 4-isopropyl-2-heptanol that means the parent chain has 7 number of carbons in the chain and suffix -ol represents it is an alcohol group that is R-OH (where R is aryl/alkyl group) at 2 position, and anisopropyl substitution at 4 position. So, the structural formula of 4-isopropyl-2-heptanol is:

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, Chapter 20, Problem 137AP , additional homework tip 6

Since, -OH is attached to secondary carbon so, it is a secondary alcohol.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula for 2, 3-dichloro-1-pentanol should be drawn and whether the it is primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol should be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

The formula in which the arrangements of atoms in a molecule are shown is said to be the structural formula.

An organic compound in which hydroxyl functional group that is -OH is bonded to the carbon atom is said to be an alcohol. The general formula for alcohol is C_n H₂ _n ₊ ₁ OH. Based on the attachment to the carbon the alcohols are classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a primary carbon atom (carbon atom to which one carbon atom is attached) then such alcohol is said to be a primary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a secondary carbon atom (carbon atom to which two carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a secondary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a tertiary carbon atom (carbon atom to which three carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a tertiary alcohol.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 137AP

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, Chapter 20, Problem 137AP , additional homework tip 7

Primary alcohol.

Explanation of Solution

For number of carbons atoms in chain, the prefix is given as:

Carbon-1 meth

Carbon-2 eth

Carbon-3 prop

Carbon-4 but

Carbon-5 pent

Carbon-6 hex

Carbon-7 hept

Carbon-8 oct

Carbon-9 non

Carbon-10 dec

The numbering of the carbon chain is done in such a way that the substituents get the lower number.

The given name is 2, 3-dichloro-1-pentanol that means the parent chain has 5 number of carbons in the chain and suffix -ol represents it is an alcohol group that is R-OH (where R is aryl/alkyl group) at 1 position, and 2 chlorine substitution at 2 and 3 position. So, the structural formula of 2, 3-dichloro-1-pentanol is:

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, Chapter 20, Problem 137AP , additional homework tip 8

Since, -OH is attached to primary carbon so, it is a primary alcohol.

Answer 6

Chapter 20, Problem 137AP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula for 2-propanol should be drawn and whether it is primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol should be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

The formula in which the arrangements of atoms in a molecule are shown is said to be the structural formula.

An organic compound in which hydroxyl functional group that is -OH is bonded to the carbon atom is said to be an alcohol. The general formula for alcohol is C_n H₂ _n ₊ ₁ OH. Based on the attachment to the carbon the alcohols are classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a primary carbon atom (carbon atom to which one carbon atom is attached) then such alcohol is said to be a primary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a secondary carbon atom (carbon atom to which two carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a secondary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a tertiary carbon atom (carbon atom to which three carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a tertiary alcohol.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 137AP

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, Chapter 20, Problem 137AP , additional homework tip 1

Secondary alcohol.

Explanation of Solution

For number of carbons atoms in chain, the prefix is given as:

Carbon-1 meth

Carbon-2 eth

Carbon-3 prop

Carbon-4 but

Carbon-5 pent

Carbon-6 hex

Carbon-7 hept

Carbon-8 oct

Carbon-9 non

Carbon-10 dec

The numbering of the carbon chain is done in such a way that the substituents get the lower number.

The given name is 2-propanol that means the parent chain has 3 number of carbons in the chain and suffix -ol represents it is an alcohol group that is R-OH (where R is alkane/alkyl group) at 2 position. So, the structural formula of 2-propanol is:

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, Chapter 20, Problem 137AP , additional homework tip 2

Since, -OH is attached to secondary carbon so, it is a secondary alcohol.

Answer 7

Chapter 20, Problem 137AP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula for 2-propanol should be drawn and whether it is primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol should be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

The formula in which the arrangements of atoms in a molecule are shown is said to be the structural formula.

An organic compound in which hydroxyl functional group that is -OH is bonded to the carbon atom is said to be an alcohol. The general formula for alcohol is C_n H₂ _n ₊ ₁ OH. Based on the attachment to the carbon the alcohols are classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a primary carbon atom (carbon atom to which one carbon atom is attached) then such alcohol is said to be a primary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a secondary carbon atom (carbon atom to which two carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a secondary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a tertiary carbon atom (carbon atom to which three carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a tertiary alcohol.

Answer 8

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 137AP

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, Chapter 20, Problem 137AP , additional homework tip 1

Secondary alcohol.

Answer 9

Expert Solution

Answer 10

Expert Solution

Answer 11

Expert Solution

Answer 12

Explanation of Solution

For number of carbons atoms in chain, the prefix is given as:

Carbon-1 meth

Carbon-2 eth

Carbon-3 prop

Carbon-4 but

Carbon-5 pent

Carbon-6 hex

Carbon-7 hept

Carbon-8 oct

Carbon-9 non

Carbon-10 dec

The numbering of the carbon chain is done in such a way that the substituents get the lower number.

The given name is 2-propanol that means the parent chain has 3 number of carbons in the chain and suffix -ol represents it is an alcohol group that is R-OH (where R is alkane/alkyl group) at 2 position. So, the structural formula of 2-propanol is:

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, Chapter 20, Problem 137AP , additional homework tip 2

Since, -OH is attached to secondary carbon so, it is a secondary alcohol.

Answer 13

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula for 2-methyl-2-propanol should be drawn and whether it is primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol should be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

The formula in which the arrangements of atoms in a molecule are shown is said to be the structural formula.

An organic compound in which hydroxyl functional group that is -OH is bonded to the carbon atom is said to be an alcohol. The general formula for alcohol is C_n H₂ _n ₊ ₁ OH. Based on the attachment to the carbon the alcohols are classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a primary carbon atom (carbon atom to which one carbon atom is attached) then such alcohol is said to be a primary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a secondary carbon atom (carbon atom to which two carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a secondary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a tertiary carbon atom (carbon atom to which three carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a tertiary alcohol.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 137AP

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, Chapter 20, Problem 137AP , additional homework tip 3

Tertiary alcohol.

Explanation of Solution

For number of carbons atoms in chain, the prefix is given as:

Carbon-1 meth

Carbon-2 eth

Carbon-3 prop

Carbon-4 but

Carbon-5 pent

Carbon-6 hex

Carbon-7 hept

Carbon-8 oct

Carbon-9 non

Carbon-10 dec

The numbering of the carbon chain is done in such a way that the substituents get the lower number.

The given name is 2-methyl-2-propanol that means the parent chain has 3 number of carbons in the chain and suffix -ol represents it is an alcohol group that is R-OH (where R is aryl/alkyl group) at 2 position, and a methyl substitution at 2 position. So, the structural formula of 2-methyl-2-propanol is:

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, Chapter 20, Problem 137AP , additional homework tip 4

Since, -OH is attached to tertiary carbon so, it is a tertiary alcohol.

Answer 14

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula for 2-methyl-2-propanol should be drawn and whether it is primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol should be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

The formula in which the arrangements of atoms in a molecule are shown is said to be the structural formula.

An organic compound in which hydroxyl functional group that is -OH is bonded to the carbon atom is said to be an alcohol. The general formula for alcohol is C_n H₂ _n ₊ ₁ OH. Based on the attachment to the carbon the alcohols are classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a primary carbon atom (carbon atom to which one carbon atom is attached) then such alcohol is said to be a primary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a secondary carbon atom (carbon atom to which two carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a secondary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a tertiary carbon atom (carbon atom to which three carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a tertiary alcohol.

Answer 15

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 137AP

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, Chapter 20, Problem 137AP , additional homework tip 3

Tertiary alcohol.

Answer 16

Expert Solution

Answer 17

Expert Solution

Answer 18

Expert Solution

Answer 19

Explanation of Solution

For number of carbons atoms in chain, the prefix is given as:

Carbon-1 meth

Carbon-2 eth

Carbon-3 prop

Carbon-4 but

Carbon-5 pent

Carbon-6 hex

Carbon-7 hept

Carbon-8 oct

Carbon-9 non

Carbon-10 dec

The numbering of the carbon chain is done in such a way that the substituents get the lower number.

The given name is 2-methyl-2-propanol that means the parent chain has 3 number of carbons in the chain and suffix -ol represents it is an alcohol group that is R-OH (where R is aryl/alkyl group) at 2 position, and a methyl substitution at 2 position. So, the structural formula of 2-methyl-2-propanol is:

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, Chapter 20, Problem 137AP , additional homework tip 4

Since, -OH is attached to tertiary carbon so, it is a tertiary alcohol.

Answer 20

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula for 4-isopropyl-2-heptanol should be drawn and whether the it is primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol should be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

The formula in which the arrangements of atoms in a molecule are shown is said to be the structural formula.

An organic compound in which hydroxyl functional group that is -OH is bonded to the carbon atom is said to be an alcohol. The general formula for alcohol is C_n H₂ _n ₊ ₁ OH. Based on the attachment to the carbon the alcohols are classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a primary carbon atom (carbon atom to which one carbon atom is attached) then such alcohol is said to be a primary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a secondary carbon atom (carbon atom to which two carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a secondary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a tertiary carbon atom (carbon atom to which three carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a tertiary alcohol.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 137AP

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, Chapter 20, Problem 137AP , additional homework tip 5

Secondary alcohol.

Explanation of Solution

For number of carbons atoms in chain, the prefix is given as:

Carbon-1 meth

Carbon-2 eth

Carbon-3 prop

Carbon-4 but

Carbon-5 pent

Carbon-6 hex

Carbon-7 hept

Carbon-8 oct

Carbon-9 non

Carbon-10 dec

The numbering of the carbon chain is done in such a way that the substituents gets the lower number.

The given name is 4-isopropyl-2-heptanol that means the parent chain has 7 number of carbons in the chain and suffix -ol represents it is an alcohol group that is R-OH (where R is aryl/alkyl group) at 2 position, and anisopropyl substitution at 4 position. So, the structural formula of 4-isopropyl-2-heptanol is:

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, Chapter 20, Problem 137AP , additional homework tip 6

Since, -OH is attached to secondary carbon so, it is a secondary alcohol.

Answer 21

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula for 4-isopropyl-2-heptanol should be drawn and whether the it is primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol should be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

The formula in which the arrangements of atoms in a molecule are shown is said to be the structural formula.

An organic compound in which hydroxyl functional group that is -OH is bonded to the carbon atom is said to be an alcohol. The general formula for alcohol is C_n H₂ _n ₊ ₁ OH. Based on the attachment to the carbon the alcohols are classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a primary carbon atom (carbon atom to which one carbon atom is attached) then such alcohol is said to be a primary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a secondary carbon atom (carbon atom to which two carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a secondary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a tertiary carbon atom (carbon atom to which three carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a tertiary alcohol.

Answer 22

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 137AP

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, Chapter 20, Problem 137AP , additional homework tip 5

Secondary alcohol.

Answer 23

Expert Solution

Answer 24

Expert Solution

Answer 25

Expert Solution

Answer 26

Explanation of Solution

For number of carbons atoms in chain, the prefix is given as:

Carbon-1 meth

Carbon-2 eth

Carbon-3 prop

Carbon-4 but

Carbon-5 pent

Carbon-6 hex

Carbon-7 hept

Carbon-8 oct

Carbon-9 non

Carbon-10 dec

The numbering of the carbon chain is done in such a way that the substituents gets the lower number.

The given name is 4-isopropyl-2-heptanol that means the parent chain has 7 number of carbons in the chain and suffix -ol represents it is an alcohol group that is R-OH (where R is aryl/alkyl group) at 2 position, and anisopropyl substitution at 4 position. So, the structural formula of 4-isopropyl-2-heptanol is:

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, Chapter 20, Problem 137AP , additional homework tip 6

Since, -OH is attached to secondary carbon so, it is a secondary alcohol.

Answer 27

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula for 2, 3-dichloro-1-pentanol should be drawn and whether the it is primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol should be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

The formula in which the arrangements of atoms in a molecule are shown is said to be the structural formula.

An organic compound in which hydroxyl functional group that is -OH is bonded to the carbon atom is said to be an alcohol. The general formula for alcohol is C_n H₂ _n ₊ ₁ OH. Based on the attachment to the carbon the alcohols are classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a primary carbon atom (carbon atom to which one carbon atom is attached) then such alcohol is said to be a primary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a secondary carbon atom (carbon atom to which two carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a secondary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a tertiary carbon atom (carbon atom to which three carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a tertiary alcohol.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 137AP

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, Chapter 20, Problem 137AP , additional homework tip 7

Primary alcohol.

Explanation of Solution

For number of carbons atoms in chain, the prefix is given as:

Carbon-1 meth

Carbon-2 eth

Carbon-3 prop

Carbon-4 but

Carbon-5 pent

Carbon-6 hex

Carbon-7 hept

Carbon-8 oct

Carbon-9 non

Carbon-10 dec

The numbering of the carbon chain is done in such a way that the substituents get the lower number.

The given name is 2, 3-dichloro-1-pentanol that means the parent chain has 5 number of carbons in the chain and suffix -ol represents it is an alcohol group that is R-OH (where R is aryl/alkyl group) at 1 position, and 2 chlorine substitution at 2 and 3 position. So, the structural formula of 2, 3-dichloro-1-pentanol is:

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, Chapter 20, Problem 137AP , additional homework tip 8

Since, -OH is attached to primary carbon so, it is a primary alcohol.

Answer 28

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula for 2, 3-dichloro-1-pentanol should be drawn and whether the it is primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol should be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

The formula in which the arrangements of atoms in a molecule are shown is said to be the structural formula.

An organic compound in which hydroxyl functional group that is -OH is bonded to the carbon atom is said to be an alcohol. The general formula for alcohol is C_n H₂ _n ₊ ₁ OH. Based on the attachment to the carbon the alcohols are classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a primary carbon atom (carbon atom to which one carbon atom is attached) then such alcohol is said to be a primary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a secondary carbon atom (carbon atom to which two carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a secondary alcohol.

When alcohol (having hydroxyl group) is attached to a tertiary carbon atom (carbon atom to which three carbon atoms are attached) then such alcohol is said to be a tertiary alcohol.

Answer 29

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 137AP

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, Chapter 20, Problem 137AP , additional homework tip 7

Primary alcohol.

Answer 30

Expert Solution

Answer 31

Expert Solution

Answer 32

Expert Solution

Answer 33

Explanation of Solution

For number of carbons atoms in chain, the prefix is given as:

Carbon-1 meth

Carbon-2 eth

Carbon-3 prop

Carbon-4 but

Carbon-5 pent

Carbon-6 hex

Carbon-7 hept

Carbon-8 oct

Carbon-9 non

Carbon-10 dec

The numbering of the carbon chain is done in such a way that the substituents get the lower number.

The given name is 2, 3-dichloro-1-pentanol that means the parent chain has 5 number of carbons in the chain and suffix -ol represents it is an alcohol group that is R-OH (where R is aryl/alkyl group) at 1 position, and 2 chlorine substitution at 2 and 3 position. So, the structural formula of 2, 3-dichloro-1-pentanol is:

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, Chapter 20, Problem 137AP , additional homework tip 8

Since, -OH is attached to primary carbon so, it is a primary alcohol.