JavaScript and PHP:

JavaScript and PHP both are scripting languages and are used extensively for web programming.

JavaScript:

JavaScript interpreter can be embedded in Web browsers.

Also Codes written in JavaScript can be embedded in HTML documents. These codes are interpreted by the web browsers when the document is displayed.

The main advantage of JavaScript is that it can dynamically create and modify HTML documents and can validate the form of input data.

PHP:

PHP processors are present in most of the Web servers.

Also Codes written in PHP can be embedded in HTML server side documents. When a web browser requests a HTML document from a web server, the PHP code in the document is interpreted by the Web server...

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Chapter 2, Problem 52RQ

Chapter 2, Problem 54RQ

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Q.1. Architecture performance [10 marks] Answer A certain microprocessor requires either 2, 4, or 6 machine cycles to perform various operations. ⚫ (40+g+f)% require 2 machine cycles, ⚫ (30-g) % require 4 machine cycles, and ⚫ (30-f)% require 6 machine cycles. (a) What is the average number of machine cycles per instruction for this microprocessor? Answer (b) What is the clock rate (machine cycles per second) required for this microprocessor to be a "1000 MIPS" processor? Answer (c) Suppose that 35% of the instructions require retrieving an operand from memory which needs an extra 8 machine cycles. What is the average number of machine cycles per instruction, including the instructions that fetch operands from memory?

Q.2. Architecture performance [25 marks] Consider two different implementations, M1 and M2, of the same instruction set. M1 has a clock rate of 2 GHz and M2 has a clock rate of 3.3 GHz. There are two classes of instructions with the following CPIs: Class A CPI for M1 CPI for M2 2.f 1.g B 5 3 C 6 4 Note that the dots in 2 fand 1.g indicate decimal points and not multiplication. a) What are the peak MIPS performances for both machines? b) Which implementation is faster, if half the instructions executed in a certain program are from class A, while the rest are divided equally among classes B and C. c) What speedup factor for the execution of class-A instructions would lead to 20% overall speedup? d) What is the maximum possible speedup that can be achieved by only improving the execution of class-A instructions? Explain why. e) What is the clock rate required for microprocessor M1 to be a "1000 MIPS" (not peak MIPS) processor?

Chapter 2 Solutions

Concepts of Programming Languages (11th Edition)

Ch. 2 - In what year was Plankalkl designed? In what year...Ch. 2 - What two common data structures were included in...Ch. 2 - How were the pseudocodes of the early 1950s...Ch. 2 - Speedcoding was invented to overcome two...Ch. 2 - Prob. 5RQ Ch. 2 - Prob. 6RQ Ch. 2 - Prob. 7RQ Ch. 2 - Prob. 8RQ Ch. 2 - Prob. 9RQ Ch. 2 - Prob. 10RQ

Ch. 2 - Prob. 11RQ Ch. 2 - Prob. 12RQ Ch. 2 - Prob. 13RQ Ch. 2 - Prob. 14RQ Ch. 2 - Prob. 15RQ Ch. 2 - Prob. 16RQ Ch. 2 - Prob. 17RQ Ch. 2 - Prob. 18RQ Ch. 2 - Prob. 19RQ Ch. 2 - Prob. 20RQ Ch. 2 - Prob. 21RQ Ch. 2 - On what programming language was COBOL based?Ch. 2 - In what year did the COBOL design process begin?Ch. 2 - What data structure that appeared in COBOL...Ch. 2 - What organization was most responsible for the...Ch. 2 - Prob. 26RQ Ch. 2 - Prob. 27RQ Ch. 2 - Prob. 28RQ Ch. 2 - Prob. 29RQ Ch. 2 - Prob. 30RQ Ch. 2 - Prob. 31RQ Ch. 2 - Prob. 32RQ Ch. 2 - Prob. 33RQ Ch. 2 - Prob. 34RQ Ch. 2 - Prob. 35RQ Ch. 2 - Prob. 36RQ Ch. 2 - Prob. 37RQ Ch. 2 - Prob. 38RQ Ch. 2 - Prob. 39RQ Ch. 2 - What Ada construct provides support for abstract...Ch. 2 - What populates the Smalltalk world?Ch. 2 - Prob. 42RQ Ch. 2 - Prob. 43RQ Ch. 2 - From what language does Objective-C borrow its...Ch. 2 - Prob. 45RQ Ch. 2 - What do the Ada and COBOL languages have in...Ch. 2 - What was the first application for Java?Ch. 2 - Prob. 48RQ Ch. 2 - How does the typing system of PHP and JavaScript...Ch. 2 - Prob. 50RQ Ch. 2 - Prob. 51RQ Ch. 2 - Prob. 52RQ Ch. 2 - Prob. 53RQ Ch. 2 - Prob. 54RQ Ch. 2 - What data structure does Python use in place of...Ch. 2 - Prob. 56RQ Ch. 2 - What characteristic of Rubys arithmetic operators...Ch. 2 - Prob. 58RQ Ch. 2 - Prob. 59RQ Ch. 2 - Prob. 60RQ Ch. 2 - Prob. 61RQ Ch. 2 - Prob. 62RQ Ch. 2 - Prob. 63RQ Ch. 2 - Prob. 64RQ Ch. 2 - Prob. 65RQ Ch. 2 - Prob. 66RQ Ch. 2 - Prob. 1PS Ch. 2 - Prob. 2PS Ch. 2 - Prob. 3PS Ch. 2 - Prob. 4PS Ch. 2 - Prob. 5PS Ch. 2 - Prob. 6PS Ch. 2 - Prob. 7PS Ch. 2 - Prob. 8PS Ch. 2 - Prob. 9PS Ch. 2 - Prob. 10PS Ch. 2 - Prob. 11PS Ch. 2 - Prob. 12PS Ch. 2 - Prob. 13PS Ch. 2 - Prob. 14PS Ch. 2 - Prob. 15PS Ch. 2 - Prob. 16PS Ch. 2 - Prob. 17PS Ch. 2 - Prob. 18PS Ch. 2 - Prob. 19PS Ch. 2 - Prob. 20PS Ch. 2 - Prob. 21PS Ch. 2 - Prob. 22PS Ch. 2 - Prob. 23PS Ch. 2 - Prob. 24PS

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