Concepts of Programming Languages (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780133943023
Author: Robert W. Sebesta
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 2, Problem 18PS
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Restrictions that are appropriate for changes in
There is a requirement for some restriction for changes in programming languages during its evolving phase as follows:
- Usually in every version of the language, a new feature is added that will be absolutely absent in its previous version. This should be avoided.
- Enhancement of an existing feature can be a good idea.
- Adding of new features in new versions make the language large, bulk and complex.
- Also, obsolete features should be removed from the revised version. Often this is not done as the existing programs would have used this.
Comparison with the evolution of Fortran:
Fortran 0 was the first Fortran version, but it continued to evolve until its release and finally, Fortran I was released.
- Fortran I allowed variable length up to six characters as this was two in Fortran 0...
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Q.1. Architecture performance [10 marks]
Answer
A certain microprocessor requires either 2, 4, or 6 machine cycles to perform various operations.
⚫ (40+g+f)% require 2 machine cycles,
⚫ (30-g) % require 4 machine cycles, and
⚫ (30-f)% require 6 machine cycles.
(a) What is the average number of machine cycles per instruction for this microprocessor?
Answer
(b) What is the clock rate (machine cycles per second) required for this microprocessor to be a
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Answer
(c) Suppose that 35% of the instructions require retrieving an operand from memory which
needs an extra 8 machine cycles. What is the average number of machine cycles per
instruction, including the instructions that fetch operands from memory?
Q.2. Architecture performance [25 marks]
Consider two different implementations, M1 and M2, of the same instruction set. M1 has a clock
rate of 2 GHz and M2 has a clock rate of 3.3 GHz. There are two classes of instructions with the
following CPIs:
Class
A
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CPI for M2
2.f
1.g
B
5
3
C
6
4
Note that the dots in 2 fand 1.g
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b) Which implementation is faster, if half the instructions executed in a certain program are from
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speedup?
d) What is the maximum possible speedup that can be achieved by only improving the execution
of class-A instructions? Explain why.
e) What is the clock rate required for microprocessor M1 to be a "1000 MIPS" (not peak MIPS)
processor?
Chapter 2 Solutions
Concepts of Programming Languages (11th Edition)
Ch. 2 - In what year was Plankalkl designed? In what year...Ch. 2 - What two common data structures were included in...Ch. 2 - How were the pseudocodes of the early 1950s...Ch. 2 - Speedcoding was invented to overcome two...Ch. 2 - Prob. 5RQCh. 2 - Prob. 6RQCh. 2 - Prob. 7RQCh. 2 - Prob. 8RQCh. 2 - Prob. 9RQCh. 2 - Prob. 10RQ
Ch. 2 - Prob. 11RQCh. 2 - Prob. 12RQCh. 2 - Prob. 13RQCh. 2 - Prob. 14RQCh. 2 - Prob. 15RQCh. 2 - Prob. 16RQCh. 2 - Prob. 17RQCh. 2 - Prob. 18RQCh. 2 - Prob. 19RQCh. 2 - Prob. 20RQCh. 2 - Prob. 21RQCh. 2 - On what programming language was COBOL based?Ch. 2 - In what year did the COBOL design process begin?Ch. 2 - What data structure that appeared in COBOL...Ch. 2 - What organization was most responsible for the...Ch. 2 - Prob. 26RQCh. 2 - Prob. 27RQCh. 2 - Prob. 28RQCh. 2 - Prob. 29RQCh. 2 - Prob. 30RQCh. 2 - Prob. 31RQCh. 2 - Prob. 32RQCh. 2 - Prob. 33RQCh. 2 - Prob. 34RQCh. 2 - Prob. 35RQCh. 2 - Prob. 36RQCh. 2 - Prob. 37RQCh. 2 - Prob. 38RQCh. 2 - Prob. 39RQCh. 2 - What Ada construct provides support for abstract...Ch. 2 - What populates the Smalltalk world?Ch. 2 - Prob. 42RQCh. 2 - Prob. 43RQCh. 2 - From what language does Objective-C borrow its...Ch. 2 - Prob. 45RQCh. 2 - What do the Ada and COBOL languages have in...Ch. 2 - What was the first application for Java?Ch. 2 - Prob. 48RQCh. 2 - How does the typing system of PHP and JavaScript...Ch. 2 - Prob. 50RQCh. 2 - Prob. 51RQCh. 2 - Prob. 52RQCh. 2 - Prob. 53RQCh. 2 - Prob. 54RQCh. 2 - What data structure does Python use in place of...Ch. 2 - Prob. 56RQCh. 2 - What characteristic of Rubys arithmetic operators...Ch. 2 - Prob. 58RQCh. 2 - Prob. 59RQCh. 2 - Prob. 60RQCh. 2 - Prob. 61RQCh. 2 - Prob. 62RQCh. 2 - Prob. 63RQCh. 2 - Prob. 64RQCh. 2 - Prob. 65RQCh. 2 - Prob. 66RQCh. 2 - Prob. 1PSCh. 2 - Prob. 2PSCh. 2 - Prob. 3PSCh. 2 - Prob. 4PSCh. 2 - Prob. 5PSCh. 2 - Prob. 6PSCh. 2 - Prob. 7PSCh. 2 - Prob. 8PSCh. 2 - Prob. 9PSCh. 2 - Prob. 10PSCh. 2 - Prob. 11PSCh. 2 - Prob. 12PSCh. 2 - Prob. 13PSCh. 2 - Prob. 14PSCh. 2 - Prob. 15PSCh. 2 - Prob. 16PSCh. 2 - Prob. 17PSCh. 2 - Prob. 18PSCh. 2 - Prob. 19PSCh. 2 - Prob. 20PSCh. 2 - Prob. 21PSCh. 2 - Prob. 22PSCh. 2 - Prob. 23PSCh. 2 - Prob. 24PS
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