Microbiology: An Introduction
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780321929150
Author: Gerard J. Tortora, Berdell R. Funke, Christine L. Case
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 2, Problem 4A
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Animals are differentiated into many based on their food habits. Omnivore – an animal which eat both plant and meat, herbivore – animal which eats only vegetation but no meat, carnivore – any animal that eat only meat. The difference in digestion pattern evolved from the different
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When a killer whale eats a seal, the seal is nearly all lipid (fat) and protein (meat) not glucose. How do killer whales (and other carnivores) survive without eating glucose?
Marathon runners preparing for a race engage in "carb loading" to
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Amylase is an enzyme found in saliva that is capable of breaking down starch into glucose molecules for metabolism. Humans have amylase in their saliva, and it is considered one of the first metabolic processes we carry out in digestion. When we consume some starchy foods, they often begin to taste sweet with chewing as the glucose sugars begin to be released by the amylase reaction with starch. In the following image, we tested a students saliva for the presence of amylase.
Step 1: A starch solution was added to each of the three test tubes. Step 2: From left to right in the picture
Chapter 2 Solutions
Microbiology: An Introduction
Ch. 2 - What is a chemical element?Ch. 2 - DRAW IT Diagram the electronic configuration of a...Ch. 2 - What type of bond holds the following atoms...Ch. 2 - Classify the following types of chemical...Ch. 2 - Bacteria use the enzyme urease to obtain nitrogen...Ch. 2 - Classify the following as subunits of either a...Ch. 2 - DRAW IT The artificial sweetener aspartame, or...Ch. 2 - DRAW IT The following diagram shows the...Ch. 2 - Prob. 9RCh. 2 - Prob. 10R
Ch. 2 - Assume E. coli bacteria are grown in a nutrient...Ch. 2 - If Pseudomonas bacteria are supplied with...Ch. 2 - If E. coli were grown in a medium containing the...Ch. 2 - Prob. 4MCQCh. 2 - Prob. 5MCQCh. 2 - Prob. 6MCQCh. 2 - The dissociation products of the molecules are...Ch. 2 - Prob. 8MCQCh. 2 - The dissociation products of the molecules are...Ch. 2 - Prob. 10MCQCh. 2 - When you blow bubbles into a glass of water, the...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2ACh. 2 - Prob. 3ACh. 2 - Prob. 4ACh. 2 - Prob. 1CAECh. 2 - Prob. 2CAECh. 2 - Newborn babies are tested for phenylketonuria...Ch. 2 - The antibiotic amphotericin B causes leaks in...Ch. 2 - Prob. 5CAE
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- Infant formulas contain mixes of dextrins and maltose rather than starch because they are easier to digest. Why are they easier to digest than starch?arrow_forwardWhy are fats a richer source of energy than carbohydrates?arrow_forwardIf both cellulose and starch are just polymers of glucose, why can we only get glucose from starch, while cellulose cannot be digested by our bodies? What is missing for cellulose?arrow_forward
- Both cellulose and starch are long polymers made up thousands of glucose molecules. Yet humans can digest starch but not cellulose. What is the reason that human cannot digest cellulose? Possible responses belowarrow_forwardDisaccharides like lactose can barely get through dialysis tubing, but CAN NOT move across a cell membrane. Therefore, what must happen to disaccharides and polysaccharides that we eat in order for our cells to use them as energy molecules?arrow_forwardWhy does the human body prefer carbohydrates over lipids as an immediate source of energy?arrow_forward
- If humans had the ability to digest cellulose, what would a high fiber diet do to blood glucose levels?arrow_forwardSome weight lifters like to consume various products containing creatine phosphate. Why would this be useful? Why would weight lifters benefit more than marathon runners from creatine phosphate?arrow_forwardFood faddists often make exaggerated claims about certain types of food. For instance, some promoters of weight-loss diets claim that carbohydrate (for example, rice) is harmful and should be omitted from the diet or intake of carbohydrate significantly reduced. There is a saying that “fats burn in the fire of carbohydrates”. What is the meaning of this? What would be the effect of a significant reduction in carbohydrate intake on the utilization of fats for energy? Cite the biochemical mechanisms that support your answer.arrow_forward
- When you eat a surplus of carbohydrates it can be stored as lipids. Provide a summary of the process involved in this transition.arrow_forwardDisaccharides like lactose can barely get through dialysis tubing, but CAN NOT move across a cell membrane. What must happen to disaccharides and polysaccharides that we eat in order for our cells to use them as energy molecules? What must be present in the digestive tract for this to happen?arrow_forwardA bowl of raisin bran contains the following amounts of carbohydrate: Starch: 13 grams Fiber: 4 grams Sugar: 11 grams Total: 28 grams How many carbohydrate calories will it provide to your body after digestion?arrow_forward
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