Auditing: A Risk Based-Approach to Conducting a Quality Audit
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781305080577
Author: Karla M Johnstone, Audrey A. Gramling, Larry E. Rittenberg
Publisher: South-Western College Pub
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Question
Chapter 2, Problem 34RSCQ
To determine
Introduction:Fraud triangle refers to conditions that are present when fraud is committed. Fraud triangle consists of opportunities, incentives or pressure, and rationalization that results in the occurrence of fraud.
To categorize:The statements into rationalization, opportunity, or threat/incentive.
Expert Solution & Answer
Trending nowThis is a popular solution!
Students have asked these similar questions
Each of the following scenarios is based on facts in anactual fraud. Categorize each scenario as primarily indicating (1)an incentive to commit fraud, (2) an opportunity to commitfraud, or (3) a rationalization to commit fraud. State your reasoningfor each categorization.a. There was intense pressure to keep the corporation’s stockfrom declining further. This pressure came from investors,analysts, and the CEO, whose financial well-being was significantlydependent on the corporation’s stock price.b. A group of top-level management was compensated (mostlyin the form of stock options) well in excess of what would beconsidered normal for their positions in this industry.c. Top management of the company closely guards internalfinancial information, to the extent that even some employeeson a need-to-know basis are denied full access.d. Managing specific financial ratios is very important to thecompany, and both management and analysts are keenlyobservant of variability in key ratios. Key…
Each of the following scenarios is based on facts in actual fraud. Categorize each scenario as primarily
indicating (1) an incentive to commit fraud (2) an opportunity to commit fraud or (3) a rationalization for
committing fraud. Also state your reasoning for each scenario.
a. There was intense pressure to keep the corporation's stock from declining further. This pressure
came from investors, analysts and the CEO, whose financial well-being was significantly
dependent on the corporation's stock price.
b. Agroup of top-level management was compensated (mostly in the form of stock options) well in
excess of what would be considered normal for their positions in the industry.
c. Top management of the company closely guards internal financial information, to the extent
that even some employees on a "need to know basis" are denied full access.
d. Managing specific financial ratios is very important to the company, and both management and
analysts are keenly observant of variability in key…
The following scenarios are taken from actual fraud cases. For each scenario, categorize as primarily indicating (A) An incentive to commit fraud (B) An opportunity to commit fraud or (C) a rationalization for committing fraud. State your reason for your answer in each scenario.
1. Top management of the company closely guards internal financial information, to the extent that even some employees on a "need to know basis" are denied full access.
Chapter 2 Solutions
Auditing: A Risk Based-Approach to Conducting a Quality Audit
Ch. 2 - The Great Salad Oil Swindle of 1963 is an asset...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2TFQCh. 2 - The three elements of the fraud triangle include...Ch. 2 - Prob. 4TFQCh. 2 - Prob. 5TFQCh. 2 - Prob. 6TFQCh. 2 - Prob. 7TFQCh. 2 - Prob. 8TFQCh. 2 - Prob. 9TFQCh. 2 - Prob. 10TFQ
Ch. 2 - Prob. 11TFQCh. 2 - Prob. 12TFQCh. 2 - Prob. 13MCQCh. 2 - Prob. 14MCQCh. 2 - Prob. 15MCQCh. 2 - Prob. 16MCQCh. 2 - Prob. 17MCQCh. 2 - Prob. 18MCQCh. 2 - Prob. 19MCQCh. 2 - Prob. 20MCQCh. 2 - Prob. 21MCQCh. 2 - Prob. 22MCQCh. 2 - Prob. 23MCQCh. 2 - Prob. 24MCQCh. 2 - Prob. 25RSCQCh. 2 - Prob. 26RSCQCh. 2 - Prob. 27RSCQCh. 2 - Refer to Exhibit 2.1 a. What is a Ponzi scheme? b....Ch. 2 - Prob. 29RSCQCh. 2 - Prob. 30RSCQCh. 2 - Prob. 31RSCQCh. 2 - Prob. 32RSCQCh. 2 - Prob. 33RSCQCh. 2 - Prob. 34RSCQCh. 2 - Prob. 35RSCQCh. 2 - Prob. 36RSCQCh. 2 - Prob. 37RSCQCh. 2 - Prob. 38RSCQCh. 2 - Many consider the Enron fraud to be one of the...Ch. 2 - Prob. 40RSCQCh. 2 - Prob. 41RSCQCh. 2 - Refer to Exhibit 2.5 and answer the following...Ch. 2 - Prob. 43RSCQCh. 2 - Prob. 44RSCQCh. 2 - Prob. 45RSCQCh. 2 - Prob. 46RSCQCh. 2 - Prob. 47RSCQCh. 2 - Prob. 48RSCQCh. 2 - Prob. 49RSCQCh. 2 - Prob. 50FFCh. 2 - Prob. 51FFCh. 2 - Prob. 52FF
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, accounting and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Categorize the situation as primarily indicating 1 - an incentive to commit fraud 2 - an opportunity to commit fraud 3- a rationalization for committing fraud state the reasoning behind the category you choose Scenario: A group of top-level management was compensated (mostly in form of stock-options) well in excess of what would be considered normal for their positions in this industryarrow_forwardResearch has shown that situational pressures and opportunity are factors that contribute to fraudulent behavior. a. Identify two situational pressures in a public company that would increase the likelihood of fraud. b. Identify three opportunity situations that would increase the likelihood of fraud.arrow_forwardThe fraud triangle asserts that the following three factors must exist for a person to commit fraud.A. Opportunity B. Pressure C. RationalizationIdentify the fraud risk factor (A, B, or C) in each of the following situations. Officers are told to show rising income or risk layoffs.arrow_forward
- Below are several statements about occupational fraud.1. For most large companies, occupational fraud is minimal and internal control procedures are unnecessary.2. Managers have a variety of reasons for manipulating the numbers in financial statements, such as maximizing their compensation, increasing the company’s stock price, and preserving their jobs.3. Internal control procedures include formal policies and procedures related to (1) safeguarding the company’s assets and (2) improving the accuracy and reliability of accounting information.4. “Cooking the books” is a phrase used by accountants to indicate the preparation of financial statements that are free of manipulation.5. Most occupational fraud cases involve misuse of the company’s resources.6. Common types of financial statement fraud include creating fictitious revenues from a fake customer, improperly valuing assets, hiding liabilities, and mismatching revenues and expenses.Required:State whether the answer to each of the…arrow_forwardExplain the three special characteristics of management fraud: a. The fraud is perpetrated at levels of management above the one to which internal control structures generally relate. b. The fraud frequently involves using the financial statements to create an illusion that an entity is healthier and more prosperous than, in fact, it is. c. If the fraud involves misappropriation of assets, it frequently is shrouded in a maze of complex business transactions, often involving related third parties. Please provide me a correct and clear explanations. Thank you!arrow_forwardCommercial Crimes Survey indicated that most of the times, the major commercial crimes are committed by the upper management especially the CEO and/or CFO. (a) Why do senior management overstate or understate business performance? Elaborate your answer. (b) Explain common ways in which business performance can be manipulated through financial statement fraud. Elaborate your answer.arrow_forward
- In thinking about overcoming the negative publicity and securities fraud fines related to revenue fraud, some companies succeed and move on, while others fail following the fraud. What forces might influence corporate “survivability” in the face of financial reporting fraud related to revenue?arrow_forwardAppraise the motivation of senior management (CEO and/or CFO) to commit financial statement fraud and how they go about to do so? Elaborate.arrow_forwardFor each of the following situations indicating heightened fraud risk, discuss how a professionally skeptical auditor might interpret the situation. a. The company is not as profitable as its competitors, but it seems to have good products. However, it has a deficiency in internal control over disbursements that makes it subject to management override. b.The company is doing better than its competitors. Although sales are about the same as competitors, net income is significantly more. Management attributes the greater profitability to better control of expenses.arrow_forward
- Contrast the effect of financial statement fraud on the following: The Stockholder The corporation The corporation’s executives/ directors. The market as a whole. Society in generalarrow_forwardJane Ellerby and Sam Callison are discussing the recent fraud that occurred at LowRental Leasing, Inc. The fraud involved the improper reporting of revenue to ensure that the company would have income in excess of $1 million. What is fraudulent financial reporting, and how does it differ from an embezzlement of company funds?arrow_forwardthe madoff debacle case? what are the lessons? question 4:arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Auditing: A Risk Based-Approach (MindTap Course L...AccountingISBN:9781337619455Author:Karla M Johnstone, Audrey A. Gramling, Larry E. RittenbergPublisher:Cengage Learning
Managerial Accounting: The Cornerstone of Busines...AccountingISBN:9781337115773Author:Maryanne M. Mowen, Don R. Hansen, Dan L. HeitgerPublisher:Cengage Learning
Auditing: A Risk Based-Approach (MindTap Course L...
Accounting
ISBN:9781337619455
Author:Karla M Johnstone, Audrey A. Gramling, Larry E. Rittenberg
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Managerial Accounting: The Cornerstone of Busines...
Accounting
ISBN:9781337115773
Author:Maryanne M. Mowen, Don R. Hansen, Dan L. Heitger
Publisher:Cengage Learning