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(i)
Interpretation: The Bronsted acid or base present in the below reaction should be identified.
Concept introduction: In accordance with Bronsted definition an acid act as proton donor and a base can act as proton acceptor. Thus in a typical acid-base reaction, the fundamental principle is a lone pair of base reaches out for an acidic proton. Similarly, curved arrows are used for departing conjugate base. After deprotonation, the species left with negative charge is refers as conjugate base of acid while the other with positive charge is termed conjugate acid of given base. For example,
The strength of various conjugate acid-base pairs varies inversely to one another; the strong acid has a weak conjugate base and the strong base has weak conjugate acid and vice-versa.
(ii)
Interpretation: Whether the equilibrium is favored to left or right should be identified in below reactions.
Concept introduction: In accordance with Bronsted definition an acid act as proton donor and a base can act as proton acceptor. Thus in a typical acid-base reaction, the fundamental principle is a lone pair of base reaches out for an acidic proton. Similarly, curved arrows are used for departing conjugate base. After deprotonation, the species left with negative charge is refers as conjugate base of acid while the other with positive charge is termed conjugate acid of given base. For example,
The strength of various conjugate acid-base pairs varies inversely to one another; the strong acid has a weak conjugate base and the strong base has weak conjugate acid and vice-versa.
Smaller the magnitude of
(iii)
Interpretation: The value of
Concept introduction: In accordance with Bronsted definition an acid act as proton donor and a base can act as proton acceptor. Thus in a typical acid-base reaction, the fundamental principle is a lone pair of base reaches out for an acidic proton. Similarly, curved arrows are used for departing conjugate base. After deprotonation, the species left with negative charge is refers as conjugate base of acid while the other with positive charge is termed conjugate acid of given base. For example,
The strength of various conjugate acid-base pairs varies inversely to one another; the strong acid has a weak conjugate base and strong base has weak conjugate acid and vice-versa.
Smaller the magnitude of
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Chapter 2 Solutions
Organic Chemistry: Structure and Function
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- 7. Magnesium is found in nature in the form of carbonates and sulfates. One of the major natural sources of zinc is zinc blende (ZnS). Use relevant concepts of acid-base theory to explain this combination of cations and anions in these minerals. (2 points)arrow_forward6. AlF3 is insoluble in liquid HF but dissolves if NaF is present. When BF3 is added to the solution, AlF3 precipitates. Write out chemical processes and explain them using the principles of Lewis acid-base theory. (6 points)arrow_forward5. Zinc oxide is amphoteric. Write out chemical reactions for dissolution of ZnO in HCl(aq) and in NaOH(aq). (3 points)arrow_forward
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