Organic Chemistry: Structure and Function
Organic Chemistry: Structure and Function
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781319079451
Author: K. Peter C. Vollhardt, Neil E. Schore
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 2, Problem 54P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The value of free energy change between more favorable and less favorable conformations is to be calculated at 25 °C .

Concept introduction: The formula that determines spontaneity of the reaction is,

  ΔG°=RTlnK

Where,

  • Tdenotes temperature.
  • Kdenotes equilibrium constant.
  • Rdenotes a gas constant.
  • ΔG° denotes standard Gibbs energy.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The potential-energy diagram for rotation about the C2–C3 bond in 2-methylbutane and relative energy values to all the conformations should be determined.

Concept introduction: Various interconvertible forms that result from rotation around the C–C bind in ethane are termed as conformer. To depict such conformation Newman projections are written. These are obtained by conversion of hashed-wedged line structure simply when the molecule is viewed in a plane along the C–C

as illustrated below:

Organic Chemistry: Structure and Function, Chapter 2, Problem 54P , additional homework tip  1

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: All Newman projections of 2-methylbutane should be drawn and two most favorable ones should be indicated.

Concept introduction: Various interconvertible forms that result from rotation around the C–C bind in ethane are termed as conformer. To depict such conformation Newman projections are written. These are obtained by conversion of hashed-wedged line structure simply when the molecule is viewed in a plane along the C–C

as illustrated below:

Organic Chemistry: Structure and Function, Chapter 2, Problem 54P , additional homework tip  2

Thus in Newman's projection of simple ethane molecule the “front” C is depicted as an intersection of three bonds with three attached H . The other three bonds connect to the large circle corresponding to “back” carbon in C–C bond.

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