Nutrition: Concepts and Controversies
13th Edition
ISBN: 9781133603184
Author: Frances Sizer, Ellie Whitney
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 2, Problem 2SC
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The experts from the United States and Canada set the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI). It sets the values for all the macronutrients like carbohydrates, proteins, fats, and micronutrients like vitamins and minerals.
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Students have asked these similar questions
What does the Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) of a nutrient represent?
a. The maximum amount allowed for fortifying a food
b. A number calculated by taking twice the RDA for three times the AI
c. The maximum allowable amount available in supplement form
d. The maximum amount from all sources that appears safe for most healthy people and beyond which there is increased risk of adverse health effects
Imagine that you are standing in a pharmacy comparing the Supplement Facts panels on the labels of two supplement bottles, one a “complete multivitamin” product and the other marked “high potency vitamins.” What major differences in terms of nutrient inclusion and doses might you find between these two products? What differences in risk would you anticipate? If you were asked to pick one of these products for an elderly person with a poor appetite, which would you choose? Justify your answer.
A study is done to examine whether there is an association between the daily use of vitamins C & E and risk of coronary artery disease (heart attacks) over a 10 year period. When subjects who took both vitamins were compared to those who took not vitamins at all, the risk ratio was found to be 0.70. Which of the following is a correct interpretation of this finding? Answer and explain.
a. The incidence of coronary artery disease in those who take vitamins C & E daily is 0.70 (or 70%)
b. Those who take vitamins C & E daily have 0.7 times the risk of heart attack compared to those who do not take vitamins
c.The risk difference in this study is 70 per 100 vitamin users over ten years
d. The odds ratio in this study is 70 per 100 vitamin users over ten years
e. The risk difference in this study is 0.70 per 100 vitamin users over ten years
Chapter 2 Solutions
Nutrition: Concepts and Controversies
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- I am writing a research paper on using a glucometer in the arm for bariatric patients to track their nutrition, i.e. they can't cheat on their diet pre-, intra- and postoperatively, and must record all values and integrals in the day. I need help with relevant literature either from the ASMBS, NIH, American Journal of Medicine or PubMed to support this and any background information on a glucometer.arrow_forwardAccording to the National Institute of Health Dietary Reference Intake, are you consuming the recommended amount of vitamins and nutrients? Is there a chance of any deficiency or toxicity? What are the dangers if any that you are over-consuming or under-consuming?arrow_forwardYour DRI Goal Actual Intake Goal Met Goal Not Met Goal Exceeded Potassium 2600mg 1072mg Not Met Add more intake Calcium 1000mg 854.45mg Not Met Add more intake Magnesium 320mg 350mg Met A bit over intake Iron 18g 20mg Met A bit over intake Vitamin C 75mg 1500mg Met A lot over intake Then, fully address the following in narrative discussion format. Discuss how your consumption compares to the DRI recommendations from your report. Include specific information from your reports. Did you meet, not meet, or exceed the recommended goals? List two main roles in the body for each of the five micronutrients listed. List and discuss two major symptoms and health outcomes from not consuming enough of each micronutrient. Briefly discuss the potential consequences of exceeding the recommended intake for each micronutrient.arrow_forward
- multiple choice: Recommended dietary allowances (RDAs) are the amounts of essential nutrients that experts believe: A. can restore undernourished or malnourished people to full health. B. will lead to improved health and a greater sense of well-being. C. are adequate for the nutritional needs of most healthy people. D. should be present in every food item sold or served.arrow_forwardCholesterol O a. is found naturally in plant and animal foods b. is essential to health can be metabolized as a source of energy C. d. must be consumed through dietary sources as the human body cannot make cholesterol Don recorded his food intake for a week and then used a computerized dietary analysis program to analyze his diet. According to the results of the analysis, his average daily saturated fat intake was 5% of total calories and his average daily unsaturated fat intake was 12% of total calories. Based on this information, his total fat intake is. the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range. O a. above O b. below O c. within O d. More informationabout Don's omega-3 intake is needed to answer this question. Please write the full answer and I would appreciate if you could offer a one sentence explanation. Thank you I promise to thumbs uparrow_forwardWhich of the following is true regarding folate/folic acid: a.Intakes below recommended dietary allowance (RDA) during pregnancy is associated with neural tube defects b.Excess intakes of folic acid (above UL) should be encouraged as there are no associated adverse effects c.Intakes above the tolerable upper intake levels (UL) of 1000 µg/day should be avoided because it may lead to adverse health effects, including masking B-12 deficiency d.a, carrow_forward
- 1. How does Rashamel’s current sodium intake compare with the AI? Answer: 2. Which five foods provide the most sodium? Suggest a substitution for each that would reduce his sodium intake to 2300 mg or less. Answer: Rashamel does not consume enough fruits, vegetables, or low-fat dairy products to meet the recommendations of the DASH Eating Plan for a 2600-kcal diet (see Figure 10.18b: page 403 textbook). 3. Suggest foods that Rashamel could add to his diet to meet these recommendations. Answer: Adding foods to meet the DASH recommendations will increase Rashamel’s calorie intake. 4. What could Rashamel eliminate from his diet to reduce his calorie intake to about 2600 kcal while still meeting the DASH recommendations. Answer:arrow_forwardUse this FDA site to understand how to read a nutrition facts label and ingredient- list: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/InteractiveNutritionFactsLabel/default.cfm (Links to an external site.)arrow_forwardUse this FDA site to understand how to read a nutrition facts label and ingredient- list: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/InteractiveNutritionFactsLabel/default.cfm (Links to an external site.)arrow_forward
- In tests of Antabuse effectiveness, why are placebos so effective?A. Antabuse has no physiological effects.B. The chemicals used as placebos interact with liver enzymes.C. Antabuse is effective mainly by the threat of illness after drinking.D. Placebos tend to relieve pain.arrow_forwardLook up this information about the mineral fluorine: 1.Sources of this mineral2. Functions of the mineral in the animal body3. Requirements of dogs and cats, if they are different4. Effects on the body of a mineral deficiency5.Toxic effects of the mineral (excess)6.Interaction with other nutrients (proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins or other minerals), if any.7. Other important informationarrow_forwardAnswer these questions that pertain to animal nutrition: a. Explain the effect of management and sanitation on the magnitude of response to a feed additive. b. Why is measuring ileal digestibility of amino acids a better measure of AA utilization than measuring total tract digestibility?arrow_forward
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