Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
Lewis structure of
Concept Introduction:
Lewis structure represents covalent bonds and describes valence electrons configuration of atoms. The covalent bonds are depicted by lines and unshared electron pairs by pairs of dots. The sequence to write Lewis structure of some molecule is given as follows:
- The central atom is identified and various other atoms are arranged around it. This central atom so chosen is often the least electronegative.
- Total valence electrons are estimated for each atom.
- single bond is first placed between each atom pair.
- The electrons left can be allocated as unshared electron pairs or as multiple bonds around
symbol of element to satisfy the octet (or duplet) for each atom. - Add charge on overall structure in case of polyatomic cation or anion.
(b)
Interpretation:
Lewis structure of
Concept Introduction:
Refer to part (a).
(c)
Interpretation:
Lewis structure of
Concept Introduction:
Refer to part (a).
Total electrons on arsenic
(d)
Interpretation:
Lewis structure of
Concept Introduction:
Refer to part (a).
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ACHIEVE/CHEMICAL PRINCIPLES ACCESS 1TERM
- From their Lewis structures, determine the number of sand p bonds in each of the following molecules or ions:(a) CO2; (b) cyanogen, 1CN22; (c) formaldehyde, H2CO;(d) formic acid, HCOOH, which has one H and two O atomsattached to C.arrow_forwardDraw a Lewis electron-dot symbol for (a) Rb; (b) Si; (c) I.arrow_forwardDraw the Lewis structure with lowest formal charges, and determine the charge of each atom in (a) OCS; (b) NO. (C)CN−; (d) ClO−.arrow_forward
- Predict whether the bonds in the following compounds are ionic or covalent: (a) NaI (sodium iodide); (b) H 2O 2 (hydrogen peroxide).arrow_forwardDraw Lewis structures of all the important resonance forms of (a) N3₃⁻; (b) NO₂⁻.arrow_forwardDraw a Lewis electron-dot symbol for (a) Sr; (b) P; (c) S.arrow_forward
- Keeping in mind that some elements violate the octet rule, draw a Lewis structure for each compound: (a) BeH 2; (b) PCl 5.arrow_forwardCyanogen (CN)2 is known as pseodohalogen because it has some properties like halogens. It is composed of two CN’s joined together.(i) Draw the Lewis structure for all the possible combination for (CN)2.(ii) Calculate the formal charge and determine which one of the structures that you have drawn is most stable.(iii) For the stable structure, determine the geometry around the two central atoms.(iv) For the stable structure, draw the dipole arrows for the bonds.(v) Base on the stable structure, determine the polarity of molecule and state your reason.arrow_forward(b) Methyl azide, CH-N3 is a molecule that decomposes explosively. Draw a Lewis structure for CH3N3, showing formal charges and also sketch any possible resonance forms.arrow_forward
- An important starting material for the manufacture ofpolyphosphazenes is the cyclic molecule (NPCl₂)₃. The mol-ecule has a symmetrical six-membered ring of alternating N and P atoms, with the Cl atoms bonded to the P atoms. The nitrogen-phosphorus bond length is significantly less than that expectedfor an N−P single bond.(a) Draw a likely Lewis structure for the molecule.(b) How many lone pairs of electrons do the ring atoms have?(c) What is the order of the nitrogen-phosphorus bond?arrow_forwardDraw a Lewis structure for a resonance form of each ionwith the lowest possible formal charges, show the charges, and give oxidation numbers of the atoms: (a) AsO₄³⁻; (b) ClO₂⁻.arrow_forwardThe cyanate ion, NCO– , has three (3) possible Lewis structures. (a) Draw these three structures and assign formal charges in each. (b) Which Lewis structure is dominant?arrow_forward
- Chemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage Learning