a) Interpretation: A structure for ketone or aldehyde with the following descriptions is to be proposed. C 10 H 12 O, IR: 1710 cm -1 ; 1 HNMR: 1.01 δ (Rel.area=1.50), 2.47 δ (Rel.area=1.00), 3.66 δ (Rel.area=1.00), 7.28 δ (Rel.area=2.50). Concept introduction: Aldehydes and ketones show a strong absorption band in IR from 1660-1770 cm -1 . Aldehydes show two characteristic C-H absorptions between 2700-2760 cm -1 and 2800-2860 cm -1 . Saturated aldehydes absorb near 1730 cm -1 while aromatic aldehydes and α, β-unsaturated aldehydes absorb near 1705 cm -1 . Saturated ketones and cyclohexanones absorb near 1715 cm -1 while aromatic ketones and α, β-unsaturated ketones absorb near 1685-1690 cm -1 . Cyclopentanones absorb around 1750 cm -1 . In 1 HNMR the aldehyde protons absorb near 10 δ with a coupling constant, J=3Hz. Hydrogens on the carbon next to aldehyde group absorb near 2.0-2.3 δ. Methyl ketones show a sharp three proton singlet near 2.1 δ. To propose: A structure for ketone or aldehyde with the following descriptions. C 10 H 12 O, IR: 1710 cm -1 ; 1 HNMR: 1.01 δ (Rel.area=1.50), 2.47 δ (Rel.area=1.00), 3.66 δ (Rel.area=1.00), 7.28 δ (Rel.area=2.50).

Question

Q7: Rank the following groups in order of basicity, nucleophilicity, and leaving group ability. a) H₂O, OH, CH3COOT b) NH3, H₂O, H₂S

Answer 1

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 19.SE, Problem 84AP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

A structure for ketone or aldehyde with the following descriptions is to be proposed.

C₁₀H₁₂O, IR: 1710 cm^-1; ¹HNMR: 1.01 δ (Rel.area=1.50), 2.47 δ (Rel.area=1.00), 3.66 δ (Rel.area=1.00), 7.28 δ (Rel.area=2.50).

Concept introduction:

Aldehydes and ketones show a strong absorption band in IR from 1660-1770 cm^-1. Aldehydes show two characteristic C-H absorptions between 2700-2760 cm^-1 and 2800-2860 cm^-1. Saturated aldehydes absorb near 1730 cm^-1 while aromatic aldehydes and α, β-unsaturated aldehydes absorb near 1705 cm^-1. Saturated ketones and cyclohexanones absorb near 1715 cm^-1 while aromatic ketones and α, β-unsaturated ketones absorb near 1685-1690 cm^-1. Cyclopentanones absorb around 1750 cm^-1.

In ¹HNMR the aldehyde protons absorb near 10 δ with a coupling constant, J=3Hz. Hydrogens on the carbon next to aldehyde group absorb near 2.0-2.3 δ. Methyl ketones show a sharp three proton singlet near 2.1 δ.

To propose:

A structure for ketone or aldehyde with the following descriptions.

C₁₀H₁₂O, IR: 1710 cm^-1; ¹HNMR: 1.01 δ (Rel.area=1.50), 2.47 δ (Rel.area=1.00), 3.66 δ (Rel.area=1.00), 7.28 δ (Rel.area=2.50).

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

A structure for ketone or aldehyde with the following descriptions is to be proposed.

C₆H₁₂O₃, IR: 1715 cm^-1; ¹HNMR: 2.18 δ (Rel.area=3.00), 2.74 δ (Rel.area=2.00), 3.37 δ (Rel.area=6.00), 4.79 δ (Rel.area=1.00).

Concept introduction:

Aldehydes and ketones show a strong absorption band in IR from 1660-1770 cm^-1. Aldehydes show two characteristic C-H absorptions between 2700-2760 cm^-1 and 2800-2860 cm^-1. Saturated aldehydes absorb near 1730 cm^-1 while aromatic aldehydes and α, β-unsaturated aldehydes absorb near 1705 cm^-1. Saturated ketones and cyclohexanones absorb near 1715 cm^-1 while aromatic ketones and α, β-unsaturated ketones absorb near 1685-1690 cm^-1. Cyclopentanones absorb around 1750 cm^-1.

In ¹HNMR the aldehyde protons absorb near 10 δ with a coupling constant, J=3Hz. Hydrogens on the carbon next to aldehyde group absorb near 2.0-2.3 δ. Methyl ketones show a sharp three proton singlet near 2.1 δ.

To propose:

A structure for ketone or aldehyde with the following descriptions.

C₆H₁₂O₃, IR: 1715 cm^-1; ¹HNMR: 2.18 δ (Rel.area=3.00), 2.74 δ (Rel.area=2.00), 3.37 δ (Rel.area=6.00), 4.79 δ (Rel.area=1.00).

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Q7: Rank the following groups in order of basicity, nucleophilicity, and leaving group ability. a) H₂O, OH, CH3COOT b) NH3, H₂O, H₂S

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Q10: (a) Propose a synthesis of C from A. (b) Propose a synthesis of C from B. Br Br ...\SCH 3 A B C

Answer 2

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 19.SE, Problem 84AP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

A structure for ketone or aldehyde with the following descriptions is to be proposed.

C₁₀H₁₂O, IR: 1710 cm^-1; ¹HNMR: 1.01 δ (Rel.area=1.50), 2.47 δ (Rel.area=1.00), 3.66 δ (Rel.area=1.00), 7.28 δ (Rel.area=2.50).

Concept introduction:

Aldehydes and ketones show a strong absorption band in IR from 1660-1770 cm^-1. Aldehydes show two characteristic C-H absorptions between 2700-2760 cm^-1 and 2800-2860 cm^-1. Saturated aldehydes absorb near 1730 cm^-1 while aromatic aldehydes and α, β-unsaturated aldehydes absorb near 1705 cm^-1. Saturated ketones and cyclohexanones absorb near 1715 cm^-1 while aromatic ketones and α, β-unsaturated ketones absorb near 1685-1690 cm^-1. Cyclopentanones absorb around 1750 cm^-1.

In ¹HNMR the aldehyde protons absorb near 10 δ with a coupling constant, J=3Hz. Hydrogens on the carbon next to aldehyde group absorb near 2.0-2.3 δ. Methyl ketones show a sharp three proton singlet near 2.1 δ.

To propose:

A structure for ketone or aldehyde with the following descriptions.

C₁₀H₁₂O, IR: 1710 cm^-1; ¹HNMR: 1.01 δ (Rel.area=1.50), 2.47 δ (Rel.area=1.00), 3.66 δ (Rel.area=1.00), 7.28 δ (Rel.area=2.50).

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

A structure for ketone or aldehyde with the following descriptions is to be proposed.

C₆H₁₂O₃, IR: 1715 cm^-1; ¹HNMR: 2.18 δ (Rel.area=3.00), 2.74 δ (Rel.area=2.00), 3.37 δ (Rel.area=6.00), 4.79 δ (Rel.area=1.00).

Concept introduction:

Aldehydes and ketones show a strong absorption band in IR from 1660-1770 cm^-1. Aldehydes show two characteristic C-H absorptions between 2700-2760 cm^-1 and 2800-2860 cm^-1. Saturated aldehydes absorb near 1730 cm^-1 while aromatic aldehydes and α, β-unsaturated aldehydes absorb near 1705 cm^-1. Saturated ketones and cyclohexanones absorb near 1715 cm^-1 while aromatic ketones and α, β-unsaturated ketones absorb near 1685-1690 cm^-1. Cyclopentanones absorb around 1750 cm^-1.

In ¹HNMR the aldehyde protons absorb near 10 δ with a coupling constant, J=3Hz. Hydrogens on the carbon next to aldehyde group absorb near 2.0-2.3 δ. Methyl ketones show a sharp three proton singlet near 2.1 δ.

To propose:

A structure for ketone or aldehyde with the following descriptions.

C₆H₁₂O₃, IR: 1715 cm^-1; ¹HNMR: 2.18 δ (Rel.area=3.00), 2.74 δ (Rel.area=2.00), 3.37 δ (Rel.area=6.00), 4.79 δ (Rel.area=1.00).

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 19.SE, Problem 84AP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

A structure for ketone or aldehyde with the following descriptions is to be proposed.

C₁₀H₁₂O, IR: 1710 cm^-1; ¹HNMR: 1.01 δ (Rel.area=1.50), 2.47 δ (Rel.area=1.00), 3.66 δ (Rel.area=1.00), 7.28 δ (Rel.area=2.50).

Concept introduction:

Aldehydes and ketones show a strong absorption band in IR from 1660-1770 cm^-1. Aldehydes show two characteristic C-H absorptions between 2700-2760 cm^-1 and 2800-2860 cm^-1. Saturated aldehydes absorb near 1730 cm^-1 while aromatic aldehydes and α, β-unsaturated aldehydes absorb near 1705 cm^-1. Saturated ketones and cyclohexanones absorb near 1715 cm^-1 while aromatic ketones and α, β-unsaturated ketones absorb near 1685-1690 cm^-1. Cyclopentanones absorb around 1750 cm^-1.

In ¹HNMR the aldehyde protons absorb near 10 δ with a coupling constant, J=3Hz. Hydrogens on the carbon next to aldehyde group absorb near 2.0-2.3 δ. Methyl ketones show a sharp three proton singlet near 2.1 δ.

To propose:

A structure for ketone or aldehyde with the following descriptions.

C₁₀H₁₂O, IR: 1710 cm^-1; ¹HNMR: 1.01 δ (Rel.area=1.50), 2.47 δ (Rel.area=1.00), 3.66 δ (Rel.area=1.00), 7.28 δ (Rel.area=2.50).

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

A structure for ketone or aldehyde with the following descriptions is to be proposed.

C₆H₁₂O₃, IR: 1715 cm^-1; ¹HNMR: 2.18 δ (Rel.area=3.00), 2.74 δ (Rel.area=2.00), 3.37 δ (Rel.area=6.00), 4.79 δ (Rel.area=1.00).

Concept introduction:

Aldehydes and ketones show a strong absorption band in IR from 1660-1770 cm^-1. Aldehydes show two characteristic C-H absorptions between 2700-2760 cm^-1 and 2800-2860 cm^-1. Saturated aldehydes absorb near 1730 cm^-1 while aromatic aldehydes and α, β-unsaturated aldehydes absorb near 1705 cm^-1. Saturated ketones and cyclohexanones absorb near 1715 cm^-1 while aromatic ketones and α, β-unsaturated ketones absorb near 1685-1690 cm^-1. Cyclopentanones absorb around 1750 cm^-1.

In ¹HNMR the aldehyde protons absorb near 10 δ with a coupling constant, J=3Hz. Hydrogens on the carbon next to aldehyde group absorb near 2.0-2.3 δ. Methyl ketones show a sharp three proton singlet near 2.1 δ.

To propose:

A structure for ketone or aldehyde with the following descriptions.

C₆H₁₂O₃, IR: 1715 cm^-1; ¹HNMR: 2.18 δ (Rel.area=3.00), 2.74 δ (Rel.area=2.00), 3.37 δ (Rel.area=6.00), 4.79 δ (Rel.area=1.00).

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Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 19.SE, Problem 84AP

Interpretation Introduction