Chapter 19.20, Problem 30P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The validation of the advice given by the student is to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

The reactivity of benzene ring towards electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions is enhanced by the activating substituents. The deactivating substituents make the benzene ring less reactive. Some of the activating substituents are: $-{\text{NH}}_{\text{2}},-\text{OH},-\text{R},-\text{OR}$. Some of the deactivating substituents are: $-\text{CHO},-\text{COOR},-\text{X},-\text{COCl}$. Activating substituents are ortho-para director while deactivating substituents are meta director.