Chapter 19.13, Problem 14P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The correct name should be given for the incorrectly named organic compound 2,4,6-tribromobenzene.

Concept Introduction:

Nomenclature of benzene and its derivative compounds:

Monosubstituted alkylbenzenes are named as derivatives of benzene; for example butylbenzene.

When one of the special case compounds (example aniline, toluene, phenol) is involved, the compound is named as a derivative of the special compound.

   

Nomenclature of benzene compound with more substituents,

If one of the substituents imparts a special name, name the molecule as a derivative of that parent.

If none of the substituents imparts a special name, number the substituents to give the smallest set of numbers, and list them in alphabetical order before the ending “benzene”.

Example:

To indicate relative position on a benzene ring, three terms are mainly used and they are,

1. (1) Ortho-(o): On adjacent carbons (1,2)
2. (2) Meta-(m): Separated by one carbon (1,3)
3. (3) Para-(p): Separated by two carbons (1,4)

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The correct name should be given for the incorrectly named organic compound 3-hydroxynitrobenzene.

Concept introduction:

Nomenclature of benzene and its derivative compounds:

Monosubstituted alkylbenzenes are named as derivatives of benzene; for example butylbenzene.

When one of the special case compounds (example aniline, toluene, phenol…) is involved, the compound is named as a derivative of the special compound.

Nomenclature of benzene compound with more substituents,

If one of the substituents imparts a special name, name the molecule as a derivative of that parent.

If none of the substituents imparts a special name, number the substituents to give the smallest set of numbers, and list them in alphabetical order before the ending “benzene”.

Example:

To indicate relative position on a benzene ring, three terms are mainly used and they are,

1. (1) Ortho-(o): On adjacent carbons (1,2)
2. (2) Meta-(m): Separated by one carbon (1,3)
3. (3) Para-(p): Separated by two carbons (1,4)

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The correct name should be given for the incorrectly named organic compound $\text{para-methylbromobenzene}$

Concept introduction:

Nomenclature of benzene and its derivative compounds:

Monosubstituted alkylbenzenes are named as derivatives of benzene; for example butylbenzene.

When one of the special case compounds (example aniline, toluene, phenol…) is involved, the compound is named as a derivative of the special compound.

Nomenclature of benzene compound with more substituents,

If one of the substituents imparts a special name, name the molecule as a derivative of that parent.

If none of the substituents imparts a special name, number the substituents to give the smallest set of numbers, and list them in alphabetical order before the ending “benzene”.

Example:

To indicate relative position on a benzene ring, three terms are mainly used and they are,

1. (1) Ortho-(o): On adjacent carbons (1,2)
2. (2) Meta-(m): Separated by one carbon (1,3)
3. (3) Para-(p): Separated by two carbons (1,4)

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The correct name should be given for the incorrectly named organic compound 1,6-dichlorobenzene.

Concept introduction:

Nomenclature of benzene and its derivative compounds:

Monosubstituted alkylbenzenes are named as derivatives of benzene; for example butylbenzene.

When one of the special case compounds (example aniline, toluene, phenol…) is involved, the compound is named as a derivative of the special compound.

Nomenclature of benzene compound with more substituents,

If one of the substituents imparts a special name, name the molecule as a derivative of that parent.

If none of the substituents imparts a special name, number the substituents to give the smallest set of numbers, and list them in alphabetical order before the ending “benzene”.

Example:

To indicate relative position on a benzene ring, three terms are mainly used and they are,

1. (1) Ortho-(o): On adjacent carbons (1,2)
2. (2) Meta-(m): Separated by one carbon (1,3)    
3. (3) Para-(p): Separated by two carbons (1,4)