
Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation: The structure of the given compound para-toluidine has to be drawn.
Concept introduction:
To indicate relative position on a benzene ring, three terms are mainly used and they are,
- (1) Ortho-(o): On adjacent carbons (1,2)
- (2) Meta-(m): Separated by one carbon (1,3)
- (3) Para-(p): Separated by two carbons (1,4)
Aryl
Toluidine is an aryl amine whose structure is similar to aniline except that a methyl group is substituted onto the benzene ring.
(b)
Interpretation: The structure of the given compound meta-cresol has to be drawn.
Concept Introduction:
To indicate relative position on a benzene ring, three terms are mainly used and they are,
- (1) Ortho-(o): On adjacent carbons (1,2)
- (2) Meta-(m): Separated by one carbon (1,3)
- (3) Para-(p): Separated by two carbons (1,4)
Phenol is an
Cresol is a derivative of phenol which contains a methyl group other than the
(c)
Interpretation: The structure of the given compound para-xylene has to be drawn.
Concept Introduction:
To indicate relative position on a benzene ring, three terms are mainly used and they are,
- (1) Ortho-(o): On adjacent carbons (1,2)
- (2) Meta-(m): Separated by one carbon (1,3)
- (3) Para-(p): Separated by two carbons (1,4)
Dimethyl benzene compounds are known as xylene. Depends on the position of methyl group it can be exist as ortho, para and Meta compound.
(d)
Interpretation:
The structure of the given compound ortho-chlorobenzenesulfonic acid has to be drawn.
Concept introduction:
To indicate relative position on a benzene ring, three terms are mainly used and they are,
- (1) Ortho-(o): On adjacent carbons (1,2)
- (2) Meta-(m): Separated by one carbon (1,3)
- (3) Para-(p): Separated by two carbons (1,4)
Benzene sulfonic acid is an organosulfur compound with the following structure.

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Chapter 19 Solutions
Organic Chemistry; Modified MasteringChemistry with Pearson eText -- ValuePack Access Card; Study Guide and Student Solutions Manual for Organic Chemistry, Books a la Carte Edition (7th Edition)
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