Biology 2e
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781947172517
Author: Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 19, Problem 6RQ
Which of the following populations is not in Hardy- Weinberg equilibrium?
- a population with 12 homozygous recessive individuals (yy), 8 homozygous dominant individuals (YY), and 4 heterozygous individuals (Yy)
- a population in which the allele frequencies do not change over time
- p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1
- a population undergoing natural selection
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which of the following would be sufficent for the hardy-weinberg equations to accurately predict geontype frequencies from allele frequenceies.
- p+q = 1
- the population is not evolving due to natural selection
-the population is not evolving due to any of the conditions that disrupt hardy-weingberg
- the population is infinetely large
An allele A is present in a population at a frequency of 0.29, and there is only one other allele at
the same locus. Fitness is associated with variation at the locus carrying the A allele such that
there is a selection coefficient s equal to 0.03. What would you expect the frequency of the A
allele to be after one generation of natural selection.
Compute your result up to four decimal places.
In a population experiencing no selection, genetic drift, gene flow, mutation or non random mating, the allele frequencies at a locus where the R allele is dominant over the r allele, are as follows.
R= 0.3
r=0.7
What is the expected heterozygosity of the population at that locus?
Chapter 19 Solutions
Biology 2e
Ch. 19 - Figure 19.2 In plants, violet flower color (V) is...Ch. 19 - Figure 19.4 Do you think genetic drift would...Ch. 19 - Figure 19.8 In recent years, factories have become...Ch. 19 - What is the difference between micro- and...Ch. 19 - Population genetics is the study of: how selective...Ch. 19 - Which of the following populations is not in...Ch. 19 - One of the original Amish colonies rose from a...Ch. 19 - When male lions reach sexual maturity, they leave...Ch. 19 - Which of the following evolutionary forces can...Ch. 19 - What is assortative mating? when individuals mate...
Ch. 19 - When closely related individuals mate with each...Ch. 19 - What is a cline? the slope of a mountain where a...Ch. 19 - Which type of selection results in greater genetic...Ch. 19 - When males and females of a population look or act...Ch. 19 - The good genes hypothesis is a theory that...Ch. 19 - Solve for the genetic structure of a population...Ch. 19 - Explain the Hardy-Weinberg principle of...Ch. 19 - Imagine you are trying to test whether a...Ch. 19 - Describe a situation in which a population would...Ch. 19 - Describe natural selection and give an example of...Ch. 19 - Explain what a cline is and provide examples.Ch. 19 - Give an example of a trait that may have evolved...Ch. 19 - List the ways in which evolution can affect...
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- The frequency of both alleles in a population is 0.5. If there are 100 individuals homozygous for one allele, 100 individuals homozygous for the other allele, and 25 heterozygous individuals in the population, Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium shows that no evolution is occurring.arrow_forwardFive conditions are required to maintain the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium in a population. Closed population Large population Random mating No net mutations No natural selection If any of these conditions is not being met, the allele frequencies in the population will change, leading to microevolution in the population.Match each of the following scenarios to the Hardy–Weinberg condition that is NOT being met:An increase in antibiotic resistance among bacteria exposed to antibiotics occurs. AnswerCaribou from one herd move to a new area and breed with caribou of a completely different herd. Answer Among eastern bluebirds, more brightly coloured males breed with more brightly coloured females. AnswerDue to overhunting, there is little genetic diversity in the current population of bearded vultures, which have all descended from a population of only 36 birds. Answerarrow_forwardYour study of the natural hamster population yields observed genotypic frequencies of 60% AA, 20% Aa and 20% aa. Compare the observed genotypic frequencies with the expected frequencies for a population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Genotype Observed Expected AA 0.60 0.30 Aa 0.20 0.50 aa 0.20 0.20 Is this population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? Is it likely this population is experiencing evolution as defined by changes in allele frequencies between generations?arrow_forward
- Of the statements provided, which one is true for Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE)? O The population is evolving due to genetic drift. O Natural Selection is not occuring within the population. Op+q=1 calculates genotype frequencies. O Individuals within the population move back and forth between another nearby population.arrow_forwardImagine a remote island inhabited by a population of lizards. To determine if this population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for gene X, which of the following conditions must be met? The lizard population should be at least 100 individuals and close to other large populations to avoid genetic drift. No selection, meaning that all individuals have an equal chance of survival and reproduction No gene flow due to migration between the island and other lizard populations Random mating among lizards without any preference to gene X No measurably significant mutations occurring in the lizard population at gene Xarrow_forwardUsing the information on the box provided, which of the following statements is true? First Generation Second Generation Third Generation p=0.2 p=0.2 p=0.4 q=0.8 q=0.8 q=0.6 O The allele frequency in the gene pool of 2nd and 3rd is constant. O The 2nd and 3rd generation is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium O The population in 1st and 2nd generation is evolving. O The 2nd and 3rd generation is an evolving population.arrow_forward
- Recall that the Hardy-Weinberg model makes the following assumptions: No mutations Extremely large population No gene flow No selection You score flower colour in a very large natural population where flower colour is a co-dominant trait where white and red are homozygotes (CWCW and CRCR) and pink are heterozygotes (CWCR). Taking your observed phenotypes and genotypes, you apply the Hardy-Weinberg principle and find an excess of homozygous individuals (that is, individuals with either white or red flowers). Give two plausible explanations for this excess of homozygotes in the natural population.arrow_forwardWhile supposing that two different alleles exist in a population that is in Hardy-Weinberg equlibrium. if p= frequecy of the "A" allele and q=frequency of the "a" allele, what is the expected frequency of "AA" individuals in the population? Possible answers: p,p+q, q, p^2, q^2, pq, 2pq, p^2+2pqarrow_forwardIf gene A/a is not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium due to natural selection such that individuals with the genotype AA have a fitness value of 1.0, heterozygotes have only slightly reduced fitness at 0.9, and individuals with the genotype aa have a fitness value of 0.6, what kind of change in allele frequency would you expect to see over time assuming you start with equal frequencies of the 2 alleles?arrow_forward
- There are two existing hypotheses for an unusually high frequency of a deleterious recessive allele in a certain population other than it is hidden in the heterozygous genotype and not exposed to selection. Explain what these two likely hypotheses are and how you could distinguish between them based on your understanding of the applicable assumptions that are part of the Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium Modelarrow_forwardHow Can We Measure Allele Frequencies in Populations? Drawing on your newly acquired understanding of the HardyWeinberg equilibrium law, point out why the following statement is erroneous: Because most of the people in Sweden have blond hair and blue eyes, the genes for blond hair and blue eyes must be dominant in that population.arrow_forwardHow Can We Measure Allele Frequencies in Populations? In a population where the females have the allelic frequencies A = 0.35 and a = 0.65 and the frequencies for males are A = 0.1 and a = 0.9, how many generations will it take to reach HardyWeinberg equilibrium for both the allelic and the genotypic frequencies? Assume random mating and show the allelic and genotypic frequencies for each generation.arrow_forward
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